https://declassified.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/807b6e454f46fa8cc713eae38ddadc67.pdf 7e57354e50e48197b3c59dd68e22c4f1 PDF Text Text ,. BEST ORIGIN MV„UBLE M T O ORIGINAL u P i H f S ^ Hon. Paul Martin, ^ Minister of External. Affairs, Ottawa. Dear Sir: ;QA •, £ 7 ^ I & i ^ ^ E E L . <* .;. , _ / G C ^ . „ ,t._ 7-; — * faA/t/A/rfA** F « . 2, 1 * * . From time to time new3 items tall that the Onload States is pLanning to turn nuclear weapons over to the "ato Alliance so that the West German Government can share in the control. This, I am convinced, is completely wrong. Have we already forgotten World War I, for which the German Government had a major resonsibility for starting? Mave we forgotten the Nazis and their conspiracy against the whole world, and the horrible suffering they inflicted on all those whom they thought lay in their way? Have we already forgotten Canada's losses, small though they were in comparison with those of other nations that helped to end the Nazi regime? Do American ( or Nato) political leaders really believe that the Nazi devils have been finally and completely exorcized out of West Germany, never to return? suppose that some new recession came to the Western econooy. Would West Germany have a revival of Nazism? I do not know. But there are still many Nazis waiting for this chance. But do you doubt that West Germany with the control of the hydrogen bomb would be a country with different attitudes to other countries? The one thing of which the Russian Government seems most desperately afraid is the possession of the atomic weapons by West Germany. I cannot help but agree with thi3 point of view, aa I have already indicated in the paragraph above. (This does not deny the present position of West Germany as an ally of the Western nations, or fail to appreciate the huge change that has been made in West Germany since World War II. But I do remember the change that came over Germany leading up to the Nazi regime leading up to World War II, and the fact that Naziism is not dead, but just underground for the present, until the Nazi generations have passed on.) To hand control, or shared control, of atomic weapons to West Germany, I am convined, would undo and paralyze all the good that has been done for years in bringing the Cold War to an end. It aould easily push the Soviet Union back into the arms of the Stalinists, who would then revive the alliance with Mao Tze Tung of the People's Republic of China. I am opposed to all spreading of the knowledge or control of atomic weapons beyond the present-day holders of that knowledge. The spread can only lead to blackmail in diplomacy, as I anticipate will happen when China produces its first atomic bomb, or at least when it produces several and the means to deliverttiera. If the news stories are true, the Communist leaders of the People's Republic of China are willing to risk an atomic war to gain control of the whole world, for they are quoted as saying that there would always be enough Chinese left to repopulate the whole world. What would happen if President Sukarno, President Nasser, or Dr. Castro also had atomic weapons under their control, and the means to deliver them? This would no longer be the'balance of terror", which is bipolar, but terror all round. The recent incident of the American airplane shot down in East Germany shows how touchy the situation is, and how easily the "balance of terror" can be pushed off the knife edge by some trigger-happy individual, or by some American officer wanting to try out Soviet nerves. I am persuaded that the sooner the People's Republic of China can be recognized and brought into the United Nations the better', Thls~will have to be done without any surrender of Formota to the Communists. This, I can see clearly, will bring no easy time to the United Nations, for the old days of Vishinaky may seem pleasant by contrast with what the Chinese Communists will try to do. (You will remember how he tried to make black seem white, wrong into right, and how he tried to label all the Western nations with such •endearing Communist stereotypes" as imperi41i.st» or other names, and how always the full bias* was on the other side, and never on Russia in the'tiebates" in the United Nations. The. Western delegates to the United Nations Assembly will need special training so as to retain self-control under the expected barrage of Chinese eoramunist propaganda with deliberate intentions to irritate, and take it calmly without being upset, and yet to keep000658 �. a &etf niu,. ,. Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information .. iwTOKIGm/iL/^UBtE miwR omm 2 the p^jkure on them with all due courtesy, when that pressure is needed. Perhaps some old tapes of Vishinsky speeches before the United Nations are still in existence, and could be used in the training. I am persuaded that the Chinese Communists will be less dangerous in the United Nations than outside, bad as they will be. The longer they are kept out, the more will be the build-up of their resentments, and the more explosive they will be against outsiders. To say that they must wait until they are ready to give proof of their peaceful intentions before they are admitted into the United Nations is cynical and hypocritical. It is hypocritical because it is not now demanded of any nation now in tha U.N., such as Cuba under Castro, Egypt under Nasser, or Indonesia under Sukarno. It is cynical, or at least skeptical, because it disbelieves in the power of the U.N. to producepeace, or to create the atmosphere in which peace can be made. If a person i3 on the edge of insanity, do you have a better chance of curing him by having him associate with the insane or by keeping all by himself, or by having him associate with the sane? When the Japanese attacked the United States at Pearl Harbor, do you remember how all the resentments of half a century or more were released in brutality against all the whites they could lay their hands on? In any case, the Chinese Communists are growingly active in the rest of the world as a disturbing force, as in Africa and South America. I raise the question if they can best be dealt with inside or outside the U.N. Now is the time, I am convinced, to bring Communisttthinainto the U.N. Internally, the food situation is still not very good, and the net result of the "great leap forward" has been poor or bad. (Perhaps the war against India was partly waged for internal reasons to recover prestige inside China. This has been about the only "victory" gained in the last two years or so.) The Russians have pulled out of China, even taking their plans for their construction work, and the split is deep if not con\jplete. Mr. Nehru is still Prime Minister of India, and India is still smarting under the defeat of the unprovoked war by China. China has no atomic weapons yet. President DeGaulle has just recognized Communist China. When will there be a better time for recognition by Canada, and entrance into the U.N. ? Or are we to wait on the United States, and wait until the Communist Chinese gain some kind of victory and come riding high, making their own demands which we must meet? If the People's Republic of hina is kept out of the. U.N. by its own leaders because it is refused the surrender of Formosa, or other territory, that is different. To bring Communist China into the U.N. under threat of blackmail would destroy the whole foundation of the U.. N. And before the attempt to bring Communist China in is made, some adequate plan to resolve the constitutional question of Nationalist China in the Security Council will have to be devised. Perhaps part of the answer in the future will be that of exchanging visitors between the West and Communist so that both sides can see that by actual contact they are not the monsters as made out by propaganda, and that people can become friendly. Something of that has aided in the relations between the Soviet union and the West. If recognition, and acceptance into the U.N. are not done now, just when do you expect to find a more favorable time? It is my experience that postponement of tackling unpleasant personal problems always makes them worse. What value are all our treaties on disarmament, banning atomic testing, or any such things going to be if China is to be excluded? Perhaps it is time that we discovered that Jesus is the greatest realist in all history in dealing with enemies. "Love your enemies, do good to them that hate you, pray for them that despitefully use you." Or as Paul interpreted it, "Be not overcome with evil, but overcome evil with good." Yours sincerely, 000659 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CDNW18102 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived "Defence - Conventional and Nuclear Armaments - Nuclear Weapons Policy,” RG25-A-3-c, File number: 27-11-1, File part: 1, Library and Archives Canada (LAC) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource LAC ATIP A-2017-00249 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Crown Copyright Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Canada Declassified Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource ENG