https://declassified.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/e17b525661ff54da4ac89023b4cf8403.pdf d288512f6d1dbff6bbb29d0e79a7a4c9 PDF Text Text Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information % «6RMT3J 1»0£ REDU1T k SEGR JIBTS 200-2113-2 TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY ATOMIC WINSRABILITY STUDY OF CANADA THS CITY OF HAMILTON I Object of the Study This is one of a series of reports on major Canadian cities and targets which provide the basic information on enemy capabilities to cause damage to persons and to vital points by atomic attack. This study is not concerned with the probability that such an enemy attack will be made. II Definition of Terms Used Ground Zero - The point on the ground directly under the point of burst in the air Aiming Point - Hie point on the ground directly under the point where the bomb is aimed to be burst in the air No Rescue - No organized and trained rescue is carried out, which means effectively that only people who are not trapped or who can escape by their own efforts survive Seriously Injured - Hospitalized persons who would not report to work for a considerable period of time Lightly Injured - First Aid cases who would be able to contribute to their work a few days after the attack Nighttime - The time during which people are in their normal places of residence Daytime - The time during which people are at their normal places of work III Sources of Basic Information (a) Population Information on the nighttime distribution of population is based on a redistribution of the 1951 census returns in greater detail to show the population of individual city blocks. This is considered for the purpose of this study a sufficiently good approximation to the nighttime distribution of population. It has not been possible at this time to estimate the daytime distribution of population. rp 000198 . �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information T i '-. X TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 2 (b) Vital Points Information on other Vital Points was taken from the 1953 List of Vital Points, which is the work of the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital Points. The list for the Hamilton area is given in Appendix "A". (c) Scientific Data Basic data on the effects of atomic bomb explosions on people and structures was prepared by the Defence Research Board (Scientific Adviser to the Civil Defence Co-ordinator). IV Factors Considered in Selecting Aiming Points for Study The effects of an attack on a city vary widely with the location of the bomb burst. As it is not considered practicable to study all possible points of burst, a series of Aiming Points have been selected which are calculated to give the maximum effect on population and on different groupings of vital points. The effects of an attack vary widely with the energy released by the bomb. As it is not possible to estimate the energy level of the bomb most likely to be used, separate estimates were made for a bomb with the lowest probable energy and the highest probable energy level. The effects on people also vary widely with circumstances of warning and rescue. A series of estimates were therefore made for different conditions of warning and rescue. The estimates made for conditions UITH RESCUE are for ideal rescue conditions with organized and trained rescue teams, in temperate climates and when the atomic attack is unsupported by other weapons. In spite of rescue efforts casualties would tend towards those siren for NO RESCUE under severe winter conditions, or if Chemical Warfare attack were combined with atomic attack or if the spread of fire were extensive. Conditions of visibility would also alter the effect of an attack. Poor visibility would reduce the extent of fire and the number of radiation casualties and would have some effect on the chances of pinpointing the target from the air. All calculations are based on an average clear day over a city with a visibility of about six miles. For the city of Hamilton an Aiming Point was chosen to give the maximum effect on the nighttime distribution population. Aiming Points were also chosen to give the maximum effect on Vital Points considered collectively. Three Aiming Points were required to include all groupings of Vital Points. 000199 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 3 Results of the Study of the City of Hamilton A nighttime attack on this city could result in casualties among 30-45$ of the population for a 20 Kiloton bomb, depending on conditions of warning and rescue; and 40-70$ for a 100 Kiloton bomb; and cause damage to many of the Vital Points located in Haailton. The effect of an attack on Vital Points was studied for three groupings of Vital Points; each grouping including most of these points. A nighttime attack on these Aiding Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb would result in casualties among 15-25$ , 15-35$ and 20-40$ of the population and cause much damage to Vital Points. Aa attack by a 100 Kiloton bomb would cause casualties among 30-40$, 30-55$ and 35-60$ of the population and cause widespread destruction to Vital Points. (a) Effects on Population The effect of an attack on the nighttime population is given in Tables I and II for each Aiding Point and for different conditions of warning and rescue. (b) Effects on Vital Points A summary of the effect on Vital Points is given in Table III for each Aluing Point. The extent of damage to Vital Points and the effect on their various functions is also described below for each of the Aiming Points. The relative importance of each Vital Point to the Canadian - U.S. wax effort is indicated by the category (AA, A, B or C ) , which is given for each Vital Point in Appendix "A", A definition of each of the categories is also given in Appendix "A". 000200 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces £ I'information TOP .SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 4 - (c) Detailed Discussion of an Attack on Each of 'the. Aiding Points Effect of a Burst over Al.tinr. Point # I-N - Chosen fo kiv0,. maximum effect oh,population by a 20 .Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiding Point would cause casualties among 30-45$ of the population depending on cOhditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). As daytime population information is not at present available it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to Vital Points is described belowt Basic Iron and Steel Steel CoGipany of Canada* Hamilton Works - Category A There would be no damage to buildings or contents other than superficial and only 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Steel Company of Canada, Ontario Works - Category A Slight structural building damage would be caused by blast but the probability of further damage from fire is low. It is likely that most of the contents and equipment would not be seriously damaged. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Dominion Foundries and Steel, Bay Front Plant - Category A No damage would be caused to buildings or contents other than superficial, and no casualties would occur among shift on duty. Dominion Foundries and Steel, Main Plant - Category A No damage would be caused to buildings or contents other than superficial, and about 1$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Stanley Steel Co-iupcny Ltd (cold rolled strip) - Category A Sli-fiit structural building damage would be caused by blast but the probability of further damage from fire is low. It is likely that most of the contents and equipment would not be seriously damaged. Approximately -5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Canadian Drawn Steel Co Ltd (cold finished bars) - Category A Slight structural building damage would be caused by blast but the probability of further damage b'y fire is low. It is likely that most of the contents and equipment would not be seriously damaged. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Union Drawn Steel Co (cold finished bars) - Category A No damage would be caused to building and contents and about 1$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. o �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information I TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 5 Agricultural Implements International Harvester Co of No structural building damage would be caused of fire would be low. shift on duty would be Canada Ltd - Category B damage or no serious contents by blast and the probability Approximately 15-25$ of killed or seriously injured. Bridge and Structural Steel Hamilton Bridge Co Ltd - Category C No damage would be caused to building or contents other than superficial. Less than 5$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Wire and Wire Goods B. Greening wire Co Ltd - Category C Serious structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a possibility of further damage from fire. EMuipment damage would be high and it is likely that the building would have to be torn down. Approximately 10-20$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. The Steel Company of Canada Ltd - Category C Buildings and contents would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 60-70$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Railroad and Rolling Stock E-^uipment National Steel Car - Category B Buildings and contents would receive no damage other than superficial. Approximately 5-10$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Rubber Products Firestone Tire and Rubber Company - Category B No serious damage would be caused by this attack and no casualties would occur among eb.ift on duty. Industrial Machinery - Electrical Canadian Westin;.,house Co East End Plant - Category A Severe structural building damage would be caused by blast and further damage by fire is probable. Little equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 60-70$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Electronic and Comunications Equipment Canadian V.-ostin-shouse Co West End Plant - Category A No damage would be caused to buildings or contents other than superficial. Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Aerovox Company - Category B No building or contents damage would be caused by blast or fire and no casualties would occur among shift on duty. Cheaicals, Explosives and Fertilizers Canadian Industries Limited - Category C No damage other than superficial would be caused and no casualties would occur among shift on duty. 000202 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 6 Gas Storage Holders United Gas and Fuel Co of Hamilton - Category A Total damage would be caused by blast and fire. Communication Sites - Telephonic Bell Telephone Main Exchange - CateGory A • Building and contents would be severely damaged by blast and fire. It is probable that the building would have to be torn down. Approximately 15-25$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured . Effect of a Burst over Aiding Point #I-N - Chosen to sive maximum j effect on population by a 100 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiding Point would cause casualties among 40-70$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). As daytime population information is not at present available it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Da-ia^e to Vital Poiats is described below: Basic Iron and Steel Steel Co of Canada, Hamilton Works - Category A Some structural building damage would be caused by blast but the probability of fire is low. It is not likely that much equipment would be damaged. Approximately 5$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Steel Co of Canada, Ontario Works - Category A Severe structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability that fire might occur. Contents and equipment would be heavily damaged. Approximately 15-30$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Dominion Foundries and Steel Bay Front Plant - Category A No damage would be caused to buildings and equipment other than superficial. Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Dominion Foundries and Steel Main Plant - Category A Blast damage to buildings would be quite severe but the probability of further damage from fire is low. Much equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 5$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Stanley Steel Co Ltd (cold rolled strip) - Category A Buildings and equipment would be severely damaged by blast and fire is likely to occur. Approximately 15-30$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Canadian Drawn Steel Co (cold finished bars) - Category A Buildings and equipment would be severely damaged by blast and fire is likely to occur. Approximately 25-60$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000203 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 7 - Union Drawn Stoel Co (cold finished bars) - Category A Slight structural dama.se would be caused by blast but the probability of fire is low. Equipment damage would be slight. Approximately 5$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Agricultural Iaple-uieats International Harvester Co of Canada Ltd - Category B Severe structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. If fire were to occur little salvage of contents could be expected. Approximately 5-10$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Bridge and Structural St&ol Hamilton Bridge Co Ltd - Category C Moderate structural building damage xrould be caused by blast but the probability of fire is low. It is likely that much equipment would not be damaged. Approximately 5-10$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Wire and Wire Goods B. Greening Wire Co Ltd - Cate0ory C Buildings and contents would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 25-60$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. The Steoi Co of Canada Ltd - Category C Buildings and contents would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 80-85$ of shift on duly would be killed oir seriously injured. Railroad and Rollins Stock Equipment National Steel Car - Category B Buildings and contents would receive no damage other than superficial. Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Rubber Products Firestone Tire and Rubber Compeny - Category B There would be no blast damage to buildings and contents other than superficial but there is a probability of damage from fire. Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Industrial Machinery - Electrical Canadian Westin^house Co E a s t End P l a n t - Category A Buildings and contents would be completely destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 80-85$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Electronic and Communications Equipment Canadian Westinghouse Co west End Plant - Category A Structural building damage by blast would not be severe but there is a probability of further damage from fire. If no fire were to occur not much equipment would be damaged. Approximately 5$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information % TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 8 Aerovox Company - Category B Building and contents would receive no damage other than superficial from blast and the possibility of fire is low. Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Chemicals, Explosives and Fertilizers Canadian Industries Ltd - Category C Structural building damage by blast would be slight but there is a probability that fire mic-ht occur. In the case of fire equipment damage could be high. • Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Gas Storage Holders United Gas and Fuel Co of He-r.ilton - Category A Gas holders would be destroyed by blast and fire. CouiriUinication Sites - Telephonic Bell Telephone Main Exchange - Category A Building and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 45-65$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Effeet of a Burst over Aiming Point # 2- Chosen to give maximum effect on one grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiding Point would cause casualties among 15-25$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). As daytime population information is not at present available it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytiine attack. Damage to Vital Points is described below: Basic Iron and Steel S t e d Company of Canada, Hamilton Works - Category A Structural building damage by blast would be very slight and there is no possibility of fire. Little damage would be caused to contents and equipment. Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Steel Company of Canada, Ontario Works - Category A No building or contents damage would occur and there would be- no casualties among shift on duty. Dominion Foundries and Steel Bay Front Plant - Category A Buildings and contents would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 60-70$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Dominion Foundries and Steel Main Plant - Category A Buildings and contents would be destroyed by b l a s t and f i r e . Approximately 60-70$ of s h i ft on duty would be k i l l e d or seriously injured. 000205 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 9 Stanley Steel Co Ltd (cold rolled strip) - Category A Structural building damage by blast would be very slight and there is no possibility of fire. Little damage would be caused to contents and equipment. Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. 'Canadian Drawn Steel Co Ltd (cold finished bars) - Category A Slight structural building damage would be caused by blast but the probability of further damage from fire is low. It is likely that much equipment would not be seriously damaged. Approximately 10-20$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Union Drawn Steel Co (cold finished bars) - Category A Buildings and contents would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of shift on duty would be killed. Agricultural Implements International Harvester Co of Canada - Category B Structural building damage by blast would he slight and the probability of fire is low. It is likely that most of the equipment would not be damaged. Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Bridge and Structural Steel Hamilton Bridge Co Ltd - Category C Serious structural damage would be caused by blast but the probability of fire is low. It is likely that some equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 60-70$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Wire and Wire Goods B. Greening Wire Co - Category C Buildings and contents would not be damaged and no casualties would occur among shift on duty. The Steel Company of Canada Ltd - Category C Buildings and contents would receive no damage other than superficial. Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Railroad and Rolling Stock Equipment National Steol Car - Category B Buildings and contents would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 30-60$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Rubber Products Firestone Tire and Rubber Company - Category B Buildings and contents would be completely destroyed and 100$ of shift on duty killed. Industrial Machinery - Electrical Canadian Uestinghouse Co East End Plant - Category A No damage other than superficial would be caused to buildings or contents. Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. 000206 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SiCRET CANADIAN LYSS ONLY - 10 Electronic and Commuunications Equipment Canadian Viestinghouse Co E a s t End P l a n t - Category A No damage would be caused to buildings and equipment and no casualties would occur among shift on duty. Aerovox Company - Category B Building and equipment would be destroyed. Approximately 60-70$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Chemicals, Explosives and Fertilizers Canadian Industries Limited - Category C Buildings and contents would be severely damaged by blast and there is a probability of fire. Little or no salvage of equipment could be expected. Approximately 60-70$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Gas Storage Holders United Gas and luel Co of Hamilton - Category A No damage would be caused to gas holders by blast or fire. Communication Sites - Telephonic Bell Telephone Main Exchange - Category A No damage would be caused to building and equipment and no casualties would occur among shift on duty. Effect of a Burst over Aiminy, Point # 2 - Chosen to give maximum effect on one grouping . of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 30-40$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). As daytime population information is not at present available it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to Vital Points is described below: Basic Iron and Steel Steel Company of Canada, Hamilton Works - Category A Buildings would receive severe structural damage froxa blast, though the probability of fire is low. It is likely that some equipment would be salvaged. Approximately 5-10$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. . Steel Company of Canada, Ontario Works - Category A Buildings and contents would receive no damage other than superficial and no casualties would occur among shift on duty. Dominion Foundries and Steel Bay Front Plant - Category A Buildings and contents xvould be totally destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 80-85$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Dominion Foundries and Steel Main Plant - Category A Buildings and contents would be totally destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 80-85$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000207 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 11 Stanley Steel Co Ltd (cold rolled strip) - Category A Though the probability of fire is low, blast would cause severe structural damage. It is likely that some equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 5-10$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Canadian Drawn Steel Co (cold finished bars) - Category A Structural building damage by blast would be severe and there is a possibility of further damage from fire. Salvage of equipment would be small. Approximately 25-60$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Union Drawn Steel Co (cold finished bars) - Category A Building and contents would be completely destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of shift on duty would be killed. Agricultural Implements International Harvester Co of Canada Ltd - Category B Structural building damage by blast would be serious and there is a probability of further damage from fire. It is likely that much equipment could be salvaged if serious fire does not occur. Approximately 5-10$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Bridge and Structural Steel Hamilton Bridge Co - Category C Building and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 80-85$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Wire and Wire Goods B. Greening "..Ire Co Ltd - Category C Buildings and contents would not be damaged other than superficial. Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Steel Company of Canada Ltd - Category C Structural blast damage would be very slight and fire would not occur. Most of the equipment would be undamaged. Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Railroad and Rolling Stock Ecuipment National Steel Car - Category B Buildings and contents would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 80-85$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Rubber Products Firestone Tire and Rubber Company - Category B Plant and equipment would be totally destroyed by this attack and approximately 100$ of shift on duty killed. Industrial Machinery - Electrical Canadian Westinghouse Co East End Plant - Category A Buildings would be moderately damaged by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. If there were no serious fire much equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 5$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000208 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 12 Electronic and Communications Equipment Canadian Westinghouse Co West End Plant - Category A Buildings and contents would not be damaged. No casualties would occur among shift on duty. Aerovox Company - Category B Building and contents would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 80-85$ of shift on duty vrould be killed or seriously injured. Chemicals, Explosives and Fertilizers Canadian Industries Limited - Category C Buildings and contents would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 80-85$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Gas Storage Holders United Gas and Riel Co of Hamilton - Category A No serious damage would be caused to gas holders. I I n i ! • • • • • • m i i r i . , , . . I I . I i . i . i . — • . . • • . . Communication Sites - Telephonic Bell Telephone Mein Exchange - Category A No damage would be caused to building or equipment other than superficial. Less than 5$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 3 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a second grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 15-35$ of the population depending on conditions of warnins and rescue (Tables I and II), As daytime population information is not at present available it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to Vital Points is described belov;: Basic Iron and Steel Steel Conrnany of Canada, Hamilton Works - Category A Structural building damage by blast would be very serious, though the possibility of fire is low. It is like.ly that some equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 60-70$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Steel Company of Canada, Ontario Works - Category A No damage would be caused to buildings or equipment other than superficial. Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Dominion Foundries and Steel Bay Front Plant - Category A Structural blast damage would be quite severe but the probability of fire is low. It is likely that much equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 5-10$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Dominion Foundries and Steel Main Plant - Category A Buildings would be severely damaged structurally by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Any salvage of equipment would be small. Approximately 60-70$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000209 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 13 Stanley Steel Company (cold rolled strip) - Category A Buildings and contents would be completely destroyed by blast and fire* Approximately 100$ of shift on duty would be killed, Canadian Drawn Steel Co Ltd (cold finished bars) - Category A Buildings and contents would be demolished by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously ihjured. Union Drawn Steel Co (cold finished bars) - Category A Blast damage po building arid contents would be severe, but the,probability pf fire is low. Approximately 60-70$ of Shift On duty would be killed or seriously injured; Agricultural Implements International Harvester Co of Canada Ltd - Category B Buildings and contents would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of shift on duty would be killed. Bridge and Structural Steel Hamilton Bridge Company - Category C Building would receive slight structural damage from blast and the possibility of fire is small. Most of the equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 5-10$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Wire and Wire Goods B. Greening wire Company Ltd - Category C Buildings and equipment would not be damaged by blast or fire. Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. The Steel Company of Canada Ltd - Category C Buildings would receive slight structural damage from blast but the possibility of fire is small. Much equipment would not be seriously damaged. Approximately 10-20$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Railroad and Rolling Stock Equipment Nat.ional Steel Car - Category B Buildings would receive slight structural damage from blast but the probability of fire is low. Most of the equipment could probably be salvaged. Approximately 10-20$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Rubber Products Firestone Tire and Rubber Company - Category B Buildings would receive slight structural damage from blast but there is a probability of further damage from fire. If no serious fire were to occur serious equipment damage would be small. Approximately 5-10$ of shift on duty uould be killed or seriously injured. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 14 Industrial Machinery - Electrical Canadian Westinghouse Co East End Plant - Category A Structural blast damage would be very severe and fire is likely to occur. Little or no salvage of equipment could be expected. Approximately 60-70$ Of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Electronic and Communic.atiohs Ec.iugment Canadian WectinghOuse Co, West End Plant - Category A No damage itould be caused to buildings or contents and no casualties vrould occur among shift on duty. Aerovox Company *» Category B ... There would be,no biast damage to building and contehts otHer than superficial, and little possibility,of firbi Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Chemicals, Explosives and Fertilizers Canadian Industries Limited - Category C Buildings would receive severe structural damage from blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Damage to equipment would probably be high. Approximately 5-10$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Gas Storage Holders United Gas and JUel Co of Hamilton - Category A No damage would be caused to «^s holders other than superficial. Communication Sites - Telephonic Bell Telephone Main Exchange - Category A No damage other than superficial would be caused to building and contents. Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 5 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a second grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 30-55$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tebles I and II). As daytime population information is not at present available it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to Vital Points is described below: 000211 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 15 Basic Iron and Steel Steel Company of Canada, Hamilton works - Category A Buildings and contents would be totally destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 80-85$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Steel Company of Canada, Ontario V.orks - Category A Structural building damage from blast would be slight end the probability of fire low. Serious damage to equipment would be small. Approximately 5$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Dominion Foundries and Steel Bay Front Plant - Category A Severe structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Little or no salvage of equipment could be expected. Approximately 15-30$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Dominion Foundries and Steel Main Plant - Category A Buildings and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 80-85$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Stanley Stes..l Co Ltd (cold rolled strip) - Category A Buildings and contents would be completely destroyed and approximately 100$ of shift on duty killed. Canadian Drawn S t e e l Co Ltd (cold finished bars) - Category A Building and contents would be completely demolished. Approximately 95-100$ of s h i f t on duty would be k i l l e d or seriously injured. Union Drawn Steel Co (cold finished bars) - Category A Building and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 80-85$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Agricultural Implements International Harvester Co of Canada Ltd - Category B Buildings and contents would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Bridge and Structural Steel Hamilton Bridge Co Ltd - Category C Structural building damage would be severe from blast and there is a probability that fire would cause further damage. Little or no slavage of equipment could be expected. Approximately 15-30$ of shift on duty vail be killed or seriously injured. Wire and Wire Goods B. Greening Wire Co Ltd - Category C Structural damage by blast is slight but there is a probability of further damage from fire. If no serious fire were to occur much equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 10-20$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. The Steel Co of Canada Ltd - Category C Buildings and contents would be seriously damaged by blast and fire. Approximately 5-10$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 16 Railroad and Rolling Stock Equipment National Steel Car - Category B Buildings and contents would be severely damaged by blast and fire. Approximately 25-60$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Rubber Products . Firestone Tire and Rubber Co - Category B Buildings and contents would be practically destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 15-30$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Industrial Machinery - Electrical Canadian Westinghouse Co East End Plant - Category A Buildings and contents would be completely destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 80-85$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Electronic and Communications Equipment Canadian Westinghouse Co West End Plant - Category A No damage other than superficial would be caused to buildings or equipment by blast and the probability of fire is low. No casualties would occur among shift on duty. Aerovox Company - Category B. Structural building damage from blast alone would be very severe and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 15-30$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Chemicals, Explosives and Fertilizers Canadian Industries Limited - Category C Buildings and contents would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 15-30$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Gas Storage Holders United Gas and Fuel Co of Hamilton - Category A Gas holders would be destroyed, by blast and fire. Communication Sites - Telephonic Bell Telephone Main Exchange - Category A This building and equipment would not be damaged s t r u c t u r a l l y by b l a s t but there is a p r o b a b i l i t y of f i r e . Approximately 5-10$ of s h i f t on duty would be seriously injured. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 17 Effect of a Burst over Aiding Point # 4 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a third grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 20-40$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). As daytime population information is not at present available it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to Vital Points is described below: Basic Iron and Steel Steel Company of Canada, Hamilton Works - Category A Buildings and contents would receive no damage other than superficial. Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Steel Company of Canada, Ontario Uorks - Category A Structural building damage from blast could be serious, but the probability of further damage from fire is small. It is likely that much equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 5-10$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Dominion Foundries and Steel Bay Front Plant - Category A Buildings and contents would receive no damage other than superficial. Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Dominion Foundries and Steel Main Plant - Category A Buildings and contents would receive no damage other than superficial. Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Stanley Steel Co Ltd (cold rolled strip) - Category A Structural building damage from blast could be serious, but the probability of further damage from fire is small. It is likely that much equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 5-10$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Canadian Drawn Steel Co Ltd (cold finished bars) - Category A Structural building damage by blast would be serious but the probability of further damage from fire is small. It is likely that much equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 10-20$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Union Drawn Steel Co (cold finished bars) - Category A Building and contents would receive no damage other than superficial. Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Agricultural Implements International Harvester Co of Canada Ltd - Category B Buildings would receive moderate structural damage from blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET • CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 18 Bridge and Structural Steel Hamilton Bridge Co - Category C Buildings and contents would receive no damage other than superficial. Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Wire and Wire Goods B, Greening Wire Co Ltd - Category C Structural building damage by blast would be severe and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Salvage of equipment would probably be small. Approximately 10-20$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. The Steel Co of Canada Ltd - Category C Buildings and contents would be totally destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Railroad and Rolling Stock Ecuipment National Steel Car - Category B No dairage would be caused to buildings and contents and no casualties would occur among shift on duty. Rubber Products Firestone Tire and Rubber Company - Category B No damage would be caused to buildings and vontents and no casualties would occur among shift on duty. Industrial Machinery - Electrical Cnnadian Westinghouse Co East End Plant - Category A 'Buildings and contents would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 60-70$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Electronic and Communications EQuipment Canadian Westinghouse Co West End Plant - Category A No dairage would be caused to buildings or contents other than superficial. Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Aerovox Company - Category B No damage would be caused to building or contents other than superficial. No casualties would occur among shift on duty. Chemicals. Explosives and Fertilizers Canadian Industries Limited - Category C No damage would be caused to buildings or contents other than superficial. Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Gas Storage Holders United Gas and Fuel Co of Hamulton - Category A Gas holders would be destroyed by blast and fire. Communication Sites - Telephonic Bell Telephone Main Exchange - Category A This building would receive only slight structural damage from blast but there is a probability of further damage from fire. Little equipment would be damaged if there were no fire. Approximately 5-10$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000215 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET % CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 19 Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 4 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a third grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 35-60$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). As daytime population information is not at present available it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to Vital Points is described below: Basic Iron and Steel Steel Company of Canada, Ha&ilton Works - Category A Serious structural building damage would be caused by blast but the probability of further damage from fire is low. Approximately 5-10$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Steel Company of Canada, Ontario ;,orks - Category A Buildings would be destroyed by blast and there is a probability that fire will occur. Contents damage would be high. Approximately 15-30$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Dominion Foundries and Steel Bay Front Plant - Category A Buildings wrould receive slight structural damage from blast but the probability of fire is low. Most of the contents and equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 5$ of shift on duly would be killed or seriously injured. Dominion Foundries and Steel Main Plant - Category A Buildings would receive serious structural damage from blast but the probability of further damage from fire is low. It is likely that much equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 5$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Stanley Steel Co Ltd (cold rolled strip) - Category A Buildings would be destroyed by blast and contents would receive severe total damage in the case of fire. Approximately 15-30$ of shift on du-ty would be killed or seriously injured. Canadian Drawn Steel Co Ltd (cold finished bars) - Category A Buildings ..ould be destroyed by blast and there is a probability of fire. Little or no salvage of contents could be expected. Approximately 25-60$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Union Drawn Steel Co (cold finished bars) - Category A Slight building damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Most of the equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 5$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Agricultural Implements International Harvester Co of Canada Ltd - Category B Severe structural building damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is high. Little or no salvage of equipment could be expected. Approximately 15-30$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000216 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Aa Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYuS ONLY - 20 - Bridge and Structural Steel Hamilton Bridge Co Ltd - Category C Serious structural building damage would be caused by blast but the probability of fire is low. Some equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 5-10$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Wire and Wire Goods B, Gre-ning Wire Co Ltd - Category C , Buildings and contents wouid be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 2b-60$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. The Steel Co of Canada Ltd - Category C Buildings and contents would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Railroad and Rolling Stock Equipment National Steel Car - Category B Structural building damage from blast would be slight and the probability of further damage from fire is low. Contents damage would be small if no fire were to occur. Approximately 5-10$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Rubber Products Firestone Tire and Rubber Company - Category B Slight structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage by fire. Contents damage would be slight if no serious fire occured. Approximately 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Industrial Machinery - Electrical Canadian Westinghouse Co East End Plant - Category A Buildings and contents would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 80-85$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Electronic and Communications Equipment Canadian Westinghouse Co West End Plant - Category A Slight structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Blast damage to contents would be slight. Approximately 5$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Aerovox Company - Category B No damage would be caused by blast to building or contents and the possibility of fire is low. Approximatelj'- 1$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Chemicals, Explosives and Fertilizers Canadian Industries Limited - Category C Buildings would receive slight structural damage from blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. If no fire occured contents would not be seriously damaged. Approximately 5$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000217 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 21 - Gas Storage Holders United Gas and .Fuel Co of Heiuilton - Category A Gas holders would be destroyed by blast and fire. Communication ..Sites - Telephonic Bell Telephone Main Exchange - Category A This building and equipment would receive serious damage from blast and the probability of fire is high. Approximately 45-65$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. (d) Effects on Morale It is expected that the effect on morale in Isrge centres of population in Canada, and at least the northern parts of the United States, would be much the same whichever city is attacked by an atomic bomb. The effect will probably be somewhat proportionate to the size of the casualties inflicted by individual bombs and by the number of cities attacked. Air Navigation Aspects of an Attack With the equipment at present available to the Russian Long Range Air Force, Hamilton would be an easy target to locate on either a high or low level attack under any weather conditions for a well trained navigator not familiar with the area. Accuracy in identifying specific Aiming Points is a more critical aspect. However the Vital Points are distributed over most of the city, and an atomic explosion over almost any part of the built up area would cause serious damage to both Vital Points and Population, though of a lesser magnitude than described by this report. 000218 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET T;--BIE I - CASUAIJY ESTHETES - CITY OF HaillTON CANADIAN EYES Q * NIGHTTIME ATTACK 20 Kiloton Bonib * 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point # 1 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population Killed Seriovisly Injured Lightly Injured Seriously Injured Lightly Injured 100,000 25,700 14,700 Killed No Warning - No. Rescue 53,100 21,800 16,400 No Warning - No Rescue No Warning - With Rescue 32,100 29,700 19,600 No Warning - With Rescue 66,300 40,200 20,500 With Warning - With Rescue 24,700 19,500 16,200 With Warning - With Rescue 53,400 25,700 15,300 Aiming P o i n t .)- 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on One Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t £ No Warning - No Resou© 29,200 11,300 9,400 No Warning - No Rescue 54,200 20,100 14,300 No Warning - With Rescue 17,100 16,500 11,600 No Warning - With Rescue 35,600 28,200 17,400 With Warning - With Rescue 12,700 11,300 9,200 With Warning - With Rescue 28,000 17,500 11,400 .2 000219 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TABLE I - CASILJJY ESTIMATES - CITY OF IfrjaigON CANADIAN EYEE oHr MGHTTLJE ATTACK 100 Kiloton Bomb 20 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point ./ 5 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of Vital Points Killed ooriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 28,500 18,700 15,700 No Warning - With Rescue 16,100 22,500 17,900 With Warning - With Rescue 11,600 14,500 12,700 Killed —.—.— Seriously Injured Lightly Injured 76,700 25,900 17,100 Warning - With Rescue 43,900 37,900 22,400 With Warning - With Rescue 33,500 22,600 14,500 No Warning - No Rescue <JNO Aiming Point # 4 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect eri a Third Grouping of Vital Points No Warning - No Rescue 36,800 19,300 15,600 No Warning - No Rescue 82,600 25,600 16,100 No Warning - With Rescue 25,900 23,900 17,500 No Warning - With Rescue 52,600 36,800 21,000 With Warning - With Rescue 20,800 15,100 12,900 With Warning - With Rescue 42,500 20,700 14,000 000220 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TiiBIE I I j^CA^I-LTIES A3 PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION TG? SECKET X CAN-.DI.4N EYEg Ci:# * NIGIfTTIiJE ATTACK 100 K i l o t o n Bomb 20 K i l o t o n Bona) Aiming Point y 1 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on P o p u l a t i o n Seriously Injured Lightly Injured 50 10 10 No Warning - With Rescue 30 20 10 "with Warning - With Rescue 25 10 5 Killed Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 25 10 10 No Warning - No Rescue - No Warning - With Rescue 15 15 10 With Warning - With Rescue 10 10 10 Aiming Point £ _2 - Chosen to Give Maximi No Warning - No Rescue 15 5 5 No Warning - No Rescue 25 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 10 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 15 15 10 5 5 5 With Warning - With Rcsoue 15 10 5 With Warning - With Rescue • « •• 2 000221 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SEGH2T TABLE I I - CASUALTIES A3 PER&HTAGE OF POPUL-TTON.. x CANADIAN EYES OWLY. • NIGHTTIIE ATTACK • 100 K i l o t o n Bonib 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Aiming Point ft,1 3 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Second Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s Killed Seriously Injured No Warning - No Rescue 15 10 10 No Warning - 'With Rescue 10 10 10 5 5 5 With Warning - With Rescue Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 35 10 10 No Warning - With Rescue 20 20 10 With Warning - With Rescue 15 10 5 Lightly Injured Aiming Poin t fte 4 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a T h i r d Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue 20 10 10 No Warning - No Rescue 40 10 10 No Warning - With Rescue 15 10 10 No Warning - With Rescue 25 15 10 With Warning - With Rescue 10 5 5 With Warning - With Rescue 20 10 5 x Based on 207,200 - w i t h i n 5 m i l e s of an Aiming P o i n t , The p o p u l a t i o n of the m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a i s 259,700 of t h e c i t y p r o p e r i s 208,300 000222 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SUiliARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POIKTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN ESE S ONLY # » Aiming Point # I-N - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effeot on P o p u l a t i o n b y a 20 K i l o t o n Boirib V i t a l Point V i t a l Point Category Structural Danage b y B l a s t (%) Probability of Fire With F i r e Damage t o Contents No F i r e S t e e l Co of Canada Hamilton Works A 0 None — S t e e l Co of Canada Ontario Works A /25 Low 50 - 75 Dominion FoundrJe s & S t e e l Bayfrout Plant A 0 None mm 0 Dominion Foundrie s & S t e e l Main Plant A 0 None *4 0 Stanley S t e e l Co Ltd (cold r o l l e d s t r i p ) A /25 Low 50-75 0-25 Canadian Drawn S t e e l Co (cold finis.bed b a r s ) A /25 Low 50 - 75 0 * 25 Union Drawn S t e e l Co (cold f i n i s h e d b a r s ) A 0 None - Canadian Westinghouse E a s t End Plant A 75 - 100 Med 100 Canadian Westinghouse West End P l a n t A 0 None U n i t e d Gas & Fuel Co of Hamilton A 100 High B e l l Telephone Main Excharge A I n t e r n a t i o n a l Harvester Co Ltd B N a t i o n a l S t e e l Car F i r e s t o n e Tjlie & Rubber Co 50$ ApprcK 0 0 • - 25 0 • 75% Approx 0 50 - 75 High 75 - 100 0 Low 50 - 75 0 B 0 None - 0 B 0 None - 0 • ••• 2 000223 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SUtniARY OF EFFECT CN VITAL POIHTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY • * Aiming Point § I-N - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population by a 20 Kiloton Bomb V i t a l Point i t a l Point Category Structural Dauage by B l a s t {%) Probability of Fire Bamge t o Content S With F i r e No F i r e Aerovox Ccmpaiy B 0 None *m 0 Hamilton Bridge Co C 0 None - 0 C 100 Med 100 Canadian I n d u s t r i e s Ltd C 0 None - B, Greening Wire Co Ltd C 50 - 75 Med The Steel Company of Cam da Ltd 75 - 100 75 - 100 0 50 - 75 000224 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SDUUARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POUTS TOP GECRET CANADIAN EY2S ONLY * » Aiming P o i n t ff I-N - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on P o p u l a t i o n by a 100 K i l o t o n Bomb V i t a l Poin t Vital Point Category Blast ($J Probability of Fire Structural Damage b y Damage t o Context-s With F i i e 50$ Approx No F i r e 0-25 S t e e l Co cf Canada Hamilton Works A 25$ Appro x Low S t e e l Co of Canada Ontario Works A 75 - 100 Med 100 Dominion Foundrie s & .Steel Bayfront Plant A 0 None «• Dominion F o u n d r i e s & S t e e l Main P l a n t A 25-50 Lew 75$ Appro x 25 - 50 Stanley S t e e l Co Ltd (cold r o l l e d s t r i p ) A 75 - 100 Med AilOO 75$ Approx Canadian Drawn S t e e l Co Ltd (cold f i n i s h e d b a r s ) A 75 - 100 Med 100 75$ Approx Z.25 Low 50-75 0-25 High 100 75 •- 100 Med 50 - 75 75$ Approx 0 Union Drawn S t e e l Co Ltd (cold f i n i s h e d b a r s ) A Canadian Westinghouse East End P l a n t A Canadian Westinghouse West End Plant A U n i t e d Gas & Fuel Co o f Hamilton A 100 High B e l l Telephone Main Exchange A 100 High 100 Int e r n a t i o n a l H a r v e s t e r Co Ltd B 50 - 75 Med 75 - 100 N a t i o n a l S t e e l Car B 0 None - 0 F i r e s t o n e T i r e & Rubber Co B 0 Med 50 - 75 0 100 25$ Approx 25$ Approx 75 * 100 50 •- 75 • »•• 2 000225 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POICTS CANADIAN EYE 3 ONLY # Kiloto n Bomb Aiming Point •;'/ I-N - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population by a 100 Kiloton V i t a l Point V i t a l Point Catego l y Structural Damage b y B l a s t {$) 0 Probability of Fire Damage t o C o n t e n t s With F i r e Low 50-75 Low 75$ Approx No Fjire 0 Aerovox Company B Hamilton Bridge Co Ltd C The Stee l Co of Canada Ltd C 100 Med 100 100 Canadian I n & i s t r i e s Ltd C 0-25 Med 75 - 100 0-25 B, Greening Wire Co Ltd C 100 High 100 100 50$ Approx /50 000226 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SCMiAEY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN E"ffiS ONLY «0 Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on One Grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb V i t a l Point ftital Point Categoiy rr Structural Damage b y B l a s t ($) Probability of Fire Damage t o Content s With F i r e No F i r e A 0-25 None 0-25 0-25 S t e e l Co of Canada Ontario Worlcs A 0 None - 0 Dominion Foundries & S t e e l Bayfronb Plant A 100 Med 100 75 - 100 Dominion Foundries & S t e e l Main Plant A 100 Med 100 75 - 100 Stanley Steel Co Ltd (cold r o l l e d s t r i p ) A 0-25 None 0-25 0-25 Canadian Drawn S t e e l Co (cold finished bars) A # 5 Low 50 - 75 0-25 Union Drawn S t e e l Co (cold finished b a r s ) A 100 Med 100 100 Canadian Westinghouse East End Plant A 0 None - 0 Canadian Westinghouse West End Plant A 0 None - 0 United Gas & Fuel Co of Hamilton A 0 None B e l l Telephone Main Exohange A 0 None - 0 I n t e r n a t i o n a l Harvester Co Ltd B 0-25 Low 50-75 0-25 National Steel Car B 100 Med 100 75 - 100 Firestone Tire & Rubber Co B 100 High 100 100 Steel Co of Canada Hamilton orks • ••• 2 000227 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABIE I I I - SULIuARY OF EI'FECT TOP SECRET VITAL POINTS CANADIAN EYES ONLY * Aiming Point ff 2 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on one Grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kilotm Bomb Vital Point t a i Point Category Structural Damage b y Blast ($) Probability of Fire Damage t o Context s With Fire Aerovox Company B Hamilton Bridge Co Ltd C The Steel Co of Canada Ltd C 0 None - Canadian I n d u s t r i e s Ltd c 75 - 100 Med 100 B, Greening Wire Co Ltd c 0 None 100 50$ Approx High 100 Low 75 - 100 m. No Fire 100 50$ Approx 0 7 5 - 100 0 000228 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABIE I I I - SULHARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET * CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on One Grouping of V i t a l Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb V i t a l Point V i t a l Poin t Category Structural Damage b y B l a s t ($) Probability of Fire Danage t o Content s With F i r e No F i r e 75 - 100 50 - 75 S t e e l Co of Canada Hamilton Works A Steel Co of Canada Ontario Works A 0 None Dominion Foundries & Stee l Bayfront Plant A 100 Med 100 Dominion Foundries & S t e e l Main Plant A 100 Med 100 100 Stanley Steel Co Ltd (cold rolled s t r i p ) A 75$ Approx Low 75-100 50-75 Canadian Drawn Steel Co Ltd (cold finished bars) A 75 - 100 Med 100 75 - 100 Union Drawn Steel Co Ltd (cold finished bars) A 100 Hi# 100 100 Canadian Westinghoise East End Plant A 25 - 50 Med Canadian Westinghouse West End Plant A 0 None United Gas & Fuel Co of Hamilton A 0 None Bell Telephone Main Exchange A 0 None I n t e r n a t i o n a l Harvester Co Ltd B 50 - 75 Med 75 - 100 National Steel Car B 100 Higi 100 100 Firestone Tire & Rubber Co B 100 Higi 100 100 75$ Approx Low mm 75 - 100 0 75 - 100 25-50 - 0 - 0 50$ Approx • •• • 2 000229 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POL^S TOP SECRET CANADIAN EIES ONLY « f *- Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on One Grouping of V i t a l Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb V i t a l Point i t a l Point Categoiy Structural Damage b y B l a s t ($) Probability of Firs Damage t o C<i n t e n t s With. F i r e No F i r e Aerovox Company B 100 High 100 100 Hamilton Bridge Co Ltd C 100 Med 100 100 The Steel Co of Canada Ltd C 0-25 None 0-25 0-25 Canadian I n d u s t r i e s Limited c 100 High 100 100 B, Greening Wire Co Ltd c 0 None ., 0 000230 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information ActDocument divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE III - SUIMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET €? CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point # 3 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping cf V i t a l Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb V i t a l Point ital Point Category Structural Damage by Blast ($) >bability of Fire Steel Company of Canada Hamilton Works A 75$ Approx Low Steel Company of Canada Ontario Works A 0 None Dominion Foundries & S t e e l Bayfront Plant A 50$ Approx Dominion Foundries & S t e e l Main Plant A Stanley Steel Co Ltd (cold rolled s t r i p ) Damage to Contents With Fire No Fire 75 - 100 50 - 75 4M 0 Low 50 - 75 £50 75 - 100 Med 100 75 - 100 A 100 High 100 100 Canadian Drawn Steel Co (oold finidied b a r s ) A 100 High 100 100 Union Drawn Steel Co Ltd (cold finii&ed bars) A 75$ Approx Low 75 - 100 Canadian Westinghouse East End Plant A 75 - 100 Higi 100 Canadian Westinghouse West End Plant A 0 None - 0 United Gas & Fuel Co of Hamilton A 0 None Bell Telephone Main Exchange A 0 None •* 0 International Harvester Co Ltd B 100 High 100 100 National Steel Car B /Z5 Low 50$ Approx 0-25 Firestone Tire & Rubber Company B Med 50 - 75 0-25 0-25 75$ Approx 75 - 100 • ••• 2 000231 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABIE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECPET CANADIAN EYES ONLY « * Aiming Point # 3 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of V i t a l Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb V i t a l Point V i t a l Point Category Aerovox Company B Hamilton Bridge Co Ltd C The Steel Co of Canada Ltd C Canadian Industries Limited B, Greening Wire Co Ltd Structural Damage by Blast ($) 0 Probability of Fire Damage to Content s With Fire No Fire Low 50$ Approx 0 Low 50$ Approx 0-25 Z.25 Low 50 - 75 C Z75 Med 75 - 100 C 0 None «• 25$ Approx Z25 75$ Approx 0 000232 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SUMMAHY OF EEFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN E"5ES ONLY « * Aiming Point # 3 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton Batrb V i t a l Point Vital Point Category Structural Damage by Blast ($) Probability of Fire Damage to Cont ent s No Fire With Fire S t e e l Co of Canada Hamilton Works A 100 Med Steel Co of Canada Ontario Works A Z25 Low Dominion Foundrie s & Steel Bayfront Plant A 75 - 100 High 100 75 - 100 Dominion Foundries & Steel Main Plant A 100 Med 100 100 Stanley S t e e l Co Ltd (cold rolled s t r i p ) A 100 High 100 100 Canadian Drawn Steel Co Ltd (cold finished b a r s ) A 100 High 100 100 Union Drawn Steel Co Ltd (cold finished bars) A 100 Med 100 75 - 100 Canadian Westinghouse East End Plant A 100 High 100 100 Canadian Westinghouse West End Plant A 0 Low 50$ Approx 0 United Gas & Fuel Co of Hamilton A 100 High B e l l Telephone Main Exchaige A 0 Med 50 - 75 0 I n t e r n a t i o n a l Harvester Co l t d B 100 National S t e e l Car B Firestone Tire & Rubber Co B 100 75 - 100 50 - 75 0-25 High 100 100 75 - 100 Med 100 75 - 100 75 - 100 High 100 75 - 100 • • •• 2 000233 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu "de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POBITS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY « • Aiming Point rr 3 - Chosen t o Give Maximura Effect on a Second Grouping of V i t a l Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb V i t a l Point V i t a l Point Category Structural -Damage by B l a s t ($) Aerovox Company B 75$ Approx Med Hamilton Bridge Co Ltd C 75 i:-100 Med 100 75 - 100 Tbe S t e e l Co of Canada Ltd C 75 - 100 Med 100 75 - 100 Canadian Industries Ltd C 100 High 100 100 B, Greening Wire Go Ltd C /25 Med Probability of Fire Damage t o Context s With F i r e 75 - 100 75$ Approx No Fiae 75$ Approx 0-25 000234 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SUMLIARY OF EFl'ECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY « * Aiming Point fr A - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Third Grouping of Vital Points b y a 20 Kiloton Bomb V i t a l Point i t a l P o i nt Category Structural Damage b y B l a s t ($) Probability of Fire Damage t o Context s With F i r e «•••» No F i r e Steel Co of Canada Hamilton Works A Steel Co of Canada Ontario Works A Dominion Foundries & S t e e l Bayfront Plant A Dominion Foundries & Steel Main Plait A Stanley Steel Co (cold r o l l e d s t r i p ) A 50$ Approx Low 50 - 75 Ipo Canadian Drawn Steel Co (cold finished b a r s ) A 50$ Approx Low 50 - 75 £50 Union Drawn .Steel Co (cold finished bars) A 0 None mm 0 Canadian Westinghouse East End Plant A 100 High 100 100 Canadian Westinghouse West End Plant A 0 None - 0 United Gas & Fuel Co of Hamilton A 100 High Bell Telephone Main Exchange A 0-25 Med 50 - 75 0-25 I n t e r n a t i o n a l Harvester Co Ltd B 25$ Approx Med 50 - 75 25$ Approx National Steel Car B 0 None - 0 Firestone T i re & Rubber Co B 0 None — 0 0 50$ Approx . None Low 75$ Approx 0 /50 0 None *•»•* 0 0 None *••*» 0 • ••• 2 000235 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABIE III - SU1MARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY • * Aiming Point # 4 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Third Grouping of Vital P o i n t s b y a 20 Kiloton Bomb V i t a l Point V i t a l Point Category Structural Damago^by Blast ($) Probability of Fire With F i r e Damage t o (Jontenb s No F i r e Aerovox Company B 0 None - 0 Hamilton Bridge Co Ltd C 0 None - 0 The Steel Co of Canada Ltd C 100 High 100 100 Canadian I n d u s t r i e s Ltd C 0 None - 0 B, Greeniig Wire Co Ltd C 50 - 75 Med *75— 100 50 - 75 000236 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SUfMARY OF EEEKJT ON VITAL .POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY « • Aiming Point # 4 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a Third Grouping of V i t a l Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb V i t a l Point Vital Point Category Structural Damage by Blast ($) Probability of Fire Damage to Content s With Fire No Fire S t e e l Co of Canada Hamilton Works A 50 - 75 Low 50 - 75 S t e e l Co of Canada Ontario Works A 100 Med 100 Dominion Foundries & Steel Bayfront Plant A /25 Low 50$ Approx Dominion Foundries & S t e e l Main Plant A Z50 Low 50 - 75 25 - 50 Stanley S t e e l Co (coll r o l l e d s t r i p ) A 100 Med 100 75 - 100 Canadian Drawn S t e e l Co (cold finished bars)) A 100 Med 100 75 - 100 Union Stee l Drawn Co (cold finished bars) A Canadian Westinghouse East End Plant A Canadian Westinghouse West End Plant A United Gas & Fuel Co of Hamilton A 100 High Bell Telephone Main Exchange A 50 - 75 I n t e r n a t i o n a l Harvester Company Ltd B National S t e e l Car Aerovox Company 25$ Approx Low 50$ Approx 75 - 100 0-25 Z25 50$ Approx 100 100 50 - 75 ^25 Hi#i 75-100 50 - 75 75 - 100 Hig! 100 75 - 100 B 0-25 Low. 50$ Approx B 0 Lew 50 - 75 100 Z25 • Hig£ Med 0-25 0 • ••• 2 000237 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information m TABLE I I I - SULEiARY OF EFFECT CN VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET . ^** CANADIAN EYES CMLT?' * £ * f. y Aiming Point # 4 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a Third Grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb V i t a l Point V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage b y B l a s t ($) Probability of Fire Damage t o Content s With F i r e No Fi.re Firestone Tire & Rubber Company B 0-25 Med 50 - 75 0-25 Hamilton Bridge Company Ltd C 50 - 75 Low Z75 50 - 75 The Steel Company of Canada Ltd C 100 High 100 100 Canadian Industries Limited c Med 50-75 B, Greening Wire Co Ltd c High 100 25$ Approx 100 25$ Approx 100 000238 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY /PPENDIX "A" - STUDY OF CITY OF HAMILTON For the City of Hamilton the list of Vital Points as determined by the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital Points is as follows: Category "A" Steel Company of Canada, Hamilton Works Steel Company of Canada, Ontario Works Dominion Foundries and Steel, Bayfront Plant Dominion Foundries and Steel, Main Plant Stanley Steel Company Ltd (cold rolled strip) Canadian Drawn Steel Company Ltd (cold finished bars) Union Drawn Steel Company (cold finished bars) Canadian V.'estinghouse, East End Plant Canadian Westinghouse, West End Plant United Gas and Fuel Company of Hamilton (gas storage holders) Bell Telephone Main Exchange Category "B" International Harvester Company Ltd National Steel Car Firestone Tire and Rubber Company Aerovox Company Category "C" Hamilton Bridge Company Limited The Steel Company of Canada Limited Canadian Industries Limited B. Greening Wire Company Limited 000239 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 2 - The categories determined by the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital Points are designed for sabotage studies. They have been adapted for the present study by raising those points which are important to the joint Canadian U.S. war effort from Category "A" to a superior Category "AA", and by restating the significance of the categories. The categories used are as follows: Category "AA" Individual plants or buildings of sufficient importance to the North -American war effort to be considered possible atomic bomb targets, irrespective of any effects of an A-bomb attack on the target on other Vital Points. Additional effects will, however, play a part in determining the relative importance of Category ",AA" targets and they have, therefore, been studied and reported. Category "A" Individual plants or buildings not of sufficient importance to the North American war effort to be considered A-bomb targets by themselves, but which may become A-bomb targets if the other effects of the explosion of a bomb over the target would produce a sufficient cumulative effect on population and other Vital Points. Category "B" Important points to be considered in conjunction with attacks on Category "AA" and Category "A" targets. Category "C" Minor points to be considered in conjunction with attacks on Category "AA" and Category "A" targets. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CDIM02644 Title A name given to the resource Report, "Atomic Vulnerability Study of Canada, The City of Hamilton" Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1953-03-23 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Nuclear Vulnerability Study, RG25, Vol. 4563, File 50041-A-40, Part 1, LAC. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Department of External Affairs Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Canadian Crown Subject The topic of the resource Early Cold War, Atomic Vulnerability Description An account of the resource Atomic Vulnerability Study Panel, Ottawa Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Canada Declassified Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource en