1 20 126 https://declassified.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/ff8a8c146dbb16292180d6bdb8ec2b3f.pdf 1d2510859d7fa94413e5f3b3ac78ff10 PDF Text Text Document disclosed under the Access to Information \ Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'inf orWA ,^_. (MmX * Extract fron Ooctlon V of the riintitos of th© 558th Lfeotlnc of the Chiefs of Staff Connittoa hold p9?»w*rr„, %%,, lX'l^,t,.„1,..„, t-ftL°_}+l-Ah fl 0ft »/*>!<?) (c) Canadian Vulnerability Study Panel -J (TOP SECRET) (CSC 2-1-25 of 13 January, 1954) The Chiefs of Staff approved a recommendation from the Chairman, Canadian Vulnerability Study Panel, that the , . „ . . t f « j L a J i l O U l c l d U l X l b j r OVUUJ Study existStudy Panel, Panel, as as such, such, cease cease to to exist. 000474 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CDIM02666 Title A name given to the resource Minutes, "Extract from Section V of the Minutes of the 558th Meeting of the Chiefs of Staff Committee held February 25, 1954" Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2/25/1954 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Nuclear Vulnerability Study, RG25, Vol. 4563, File 50041-A-40, Part 2, LAC. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Department of External Affairs Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Canadian Crown Subject The topic of the resource Early Cold War, Atomic Vulnerability Description An account of the resource Chiefs of Staff Committee, Department of National Defence, Ottawa Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Canada Declassified Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource en https://declassified.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/d5f3deb690620aa31f3396be1f38e217.pdf fc930d0b5f7f4818667016dee511d078 PDF Text Text JIBTS 200-2113-2 - TOP SECRET k'X:,t CAKADIA2J EYES (MS <y X^ft?r J, •JA//» . '•-/ •"-.. .. a 4 f. Ottawa, Ontario. 0 September, 1953* 3/ Chairman, Vulnerability Study Panel Civil Defence Co-Grdinator - ^ H r , G«P. de f. Glasebrook "^ Dr. E.E. Kassey Dr. ». James hh- Reports on the Cities of Victoria and Vancouver 1. At the 13th Meeting of the Panel, it was agreed that as studies were completed they should be distributed to individual Bteabers of the Panel for review and comment, and for return to the Secretary. 2, I enclose a copy of. the City of Victoria and of the City of Vancouver* ' & (I. Bowen) Director, Joint Intelligence Bureau* -• Xfr. --ft i:\ :xi. '-ft' • r -ft^Xft' - 'sXft /ft x> V--, '"•'>•* V ': 1 000475 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CDIM02665 Title A name given to the resource Memorandum, I. Bowen as Director of Joint Intelligence Bureau, "Reports on the Cities of Victoria and Vancouver" Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 10/8/1953 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Nuclear Vulnerability Study, RG25, Vol. 4563, File 50041-A-40, Part 2, LAC. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Department of External Affairs Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Canadian Crown Subject The topic of the resource Early Cold War, Atomic Vulnerability Description An account of the resource Joint Intelligence Bureau, Ottawa Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Canada Declassified Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource en https://declassified.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/a5c530f7c4ab348fc83e4046664a3770.pdf a8cd8cd6cacf9f40cb8e81590ab53ee2 PDF Text Text Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act - " 1 Documentdivulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information on FH, i ^0: : i JIBTS 200-2113-2 TOP SECRET CANADIAN E"XES ONLY ATOMIC VULNERABILITY STUDY OP CANADA THE CITY OF VANCOUVER - . _ .,. ^ r-.^ #*^ft REDuiT h SECRtl Object of the Study v m 0lb U This is one of a series of reports on major Canadian cities and targets which provide the basic information on enemy capabilities to cause damage to persons and to Vital Points by atomic attack. This study is not concerned with the probability that such an enemy attack will be made. H D e f i n i t i o n s of Terms Used Ground Zero - The point on the ground directly under the point of burst in the air Aiming Point - The point on tlie ground directly under the point where the bomb is aimed to be burst in the air No Rescue - No organized and trained rescue is carried out, which means effectively that only people who are not trapped or who can escape by their own efforts survive Seriously Injured - Hospitalized persons who would not report to work for a considerable period of time Lightly Injured - First Aid cases who would be able to contribute to their work a few days after the attack Nighttime - The time during which people are in their normal places of residence Daytime - The time during which people are at their normal places of work III Sources of Basic Information (a) Population Information on the daytime and nighttime distribution of population in Vancouver was obtained from the Civil Defence Director of the City of Vancouver. (b) Military Establishments The military establishments important to the national war effort were chosen by the Joint Planning Committee. The Establishment in the Vancouver area is listed in Appendix n A M . 000476 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act - 1 Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information} TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 2 (c) Vital Points Information on other Vital Points was taken from the 1953 List of Vital Points, which is the work of the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital Points. The list for the Vancouver area is given in Appendix "A". (d) Scientific Data Basic data on the effects of atomic bomb explosions on people and structures was prepared by the Defence Research Board (Scientific Adviser to the Civil Defence Co-ordinator). TV Factors Considered in Selecting Aiming Points for Study The effects of an attack on a city vary widely with the location of the bomb burst. As it is not considered practicable to study all possible points of burst, a series of Aiming Points have been selected which are calculated to give the maximum effect on population and on different groupings of Vital Points. The effects of. an attack very widel3-- with the energy released by the bomb. As it is not possible to estimate the energy level of the bomb most likely to be used, separate estimates were made for a bomb with the lowest probable energy and the highest probable energy level. The effects on people also vary widely with circumstances of warning and rescue, A series of estimates were therefore made for different conditions of warning and rescue. The estimates made for conditions WITH RESCUE are for ideal rescue conditions with organized and trained rescue teams, in temperate climates and when the atomic attack is unsupported by other weapons. In spite of rescue efforts casualties would tend towards those given for NO RESCUE under severe winter conditions, or if Chemical Warfare attack were combined with atomic attack or if the spread of fire were extensive. Conditions of visibility would also altter the effect of an attack. Poor visibility would reduce the extent of fire and the number of radiation casualties and would have some effect on the chances of pinpointing the target from the air. All calculations are based on an average clear day over a city with a visibility of about six miles. For the city of Vancouver four Aiming Points were chosen to give the maximum effect on population from attack by both 20 Kiloton and 100 Kiloton bombs and during a daytime and nighttime attack. Aiming Points were also chosen to give the maximum effect on different groupings of Vital Points from attack by both 20 and 100 Kiloton bombs. The present study is confined to the effect of a bomb delivered by an airborne vehicle. It is possible that Vancouver, a Port City, would be an attractive target for an underwater burst. A separate study will be made of the effect of this type of attack. 000477 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act - 1 Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 3 V Results of the Study of the City of Vancouver A daytime attack on this city by an air burst atomic bomb could cause casualties among 25-30$ of the population if a 20 Kiloton bomb were used, depending on conditions of warning and rescue; 40-50$ if a 100 Kiloton bomb were used; and cause some damage to Vital Points in Vancouver. An attack on the different groupings of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb could cause casualties among /5-30$ of the popvilation depending on the Aiming Point being considered; /5-50$ if a 100 Kiloton bomb were used; and cause damage to that grouping of Vital Points. A nighttime attack on this city by an air burst atomic bomb could cause casualties among 15-25$ of the population if a 20 Kiloton bomb were used, depending on conditions of warning and rescue; 25-45$ if a 100 Kiloton bomb were used; and cause some damage to Vital Points in Vancouver. An attack on the different groupings of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb could cause casualties among /5-20$ of the population depending on the Aiming Point being considered; /5-45$ if a 100 Kiloton bomb were used; and cause damage to that grouping of Vital Points. (a) Effects on Population The effect of an attack on the daytime and nighttime population is given in Tables I and II for each Aiming Point and for different conditions of warning and rescue. (b) Effects on Vital Points A summary of the effect on Vital Points is given in Table III for each Aiming Point. The extent of damage to Vital Points and the effect on their various functions is also described below for each of the Aiming Points. The relative importance of each Vital Point to the Canadian - U.S. war effort is indicated by the category (AA, A, B or C ) , which is given for each Vital Point in Appendix "A". A definition of each of the categories is also given in Appendix w A n . 000478 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information } TOP SECRET CANADIAN'EYES ONLY ' - 4 - (c) Detailed Discussion of an Attack on Each of the Aiming Points Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # I - Chosen to give maximum effect on population by a 20 Kiloton bomb A casualties ditions of casualties daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause among 25-30$ of the population depending on conwarning and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause among 15-25$ of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: Boilers, Tanks and Plate Works Vancouver Iron 'Works - Category C Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 15-55$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Bridge and Structural Steel Western Bridge and Steel Fabricators - Category C This plant would be destroyed by blast. Approximately 60-95$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Shipbuilding and Repairing Burrard Dry Dock Company Limited - Category A Slight structural damage could be caused by blast but the probability of further damage from fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Communications - Telephonic B.C. Telephone Company, Main Urban Exchange - Category A Building and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Gas Storage Holders British Columbia Electric Company # I - Category A Gas holders and equipment would be completely destroyed. Port of Vancouver Wharves and Piers Serious blast damage would be caused to the Canadian Pacific Railway Pier A and Quay Wharves, the British American Oil Coal Harbour and the Union Steamships Wharf. There i3 also a probability of fire to the timber wharves and jetties west of Ballantyne Pier. 000479 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 5 Transit Sheds Destroyed - the sheds on Canadian Pacific Railway Pier A, B and C, Pier H and the Quay Wharves; the sheds on the Canadian National Steamships Piers, Evans, Coleman and Evans # I and 2, Great Northern Railroad (Canadian National Railway Pier), and Packers Steamships Company Wharves would be destroyed by this attack. Severe damage - would be caused to the shed on the Fish Dock. Slight Damage - would be caused to the shed of Terminal Dock and Warehouse Company. No blast damage would be caused to the sheds on Ballantyne Pier # I, 2, 3 # 4 and on Lapointe Pier shed # I but there is a probability of damage from fire. Coal and Oil Bunkering The British American Oil (Coal Harbour) jetties and bunkering facilities would receive serious damage. Shipbuilding and Repairing Damage to the major Shipbuilding firms is described above in this report. Grain Elevators and Cold Storage Warehouses No serious damage would be caused to any of the grain elevators. Structural blast damage would be caused to the National Harbour Board Fish Cold Storage Warehouse and the Vancouver Ice and Cold Storage Warehouses. There is also a probability of fire to these facilities. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk - no ships would be sunk or destroyed by this attack. Immobilized - ships berthed or at anchor between the British American Oil Jetty on the west and the Union Steamships of British Columbia Limited on the East would be immobilized. Slight damage - all other ships berthed or at anchor west of the Standard Oil Jetty would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen to give maximum effect on one isolated grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among /5$ of the popvilation depending on conditions of warning and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause casualties among 5-£l0$ of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: �TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 6 - Bridge and Structural Steel Dominion Bridge Company Limited - Category C Severe structural damage would be caused by blast but the probability of further damage from fire is low. Approximately 10-15$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Petroleum Facilities Shell Oil Refinery - Category A (a) Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. (b) Refining facilities would not be seriously damaged by blast but would probably be damaged by fire. Standard Oil of B.C. Refinery - Category A (a) Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. (b) Refining facilities would not be seriously damaged by blast but would probably be damaged by fire. Port of Vancouver No serious damage would be caused to any of the port facilities by this attack. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) It is not likely that any damage would be caused to shipping by this attack. Effeot of a Burst over Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen to give maximum effect on one isolated grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among approximately 10-/15$ of the popvilation depending on conditions of warning snd rescue. A nighttime attack would cause casualties among /15-20$ of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: Bridge and Structural Steel Dominion Bridge Company Limited - Category C This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 45-70$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Shipbuilding and Repairing Burrard Dry Dock Company Limited - Category A Very slight structural damage would be caused by blast. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. 000481 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY ~ 7 - Petroleum Facilities Shell Oil Refinery - Category A (a) Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. (b) Refining facilities would not be structurally damaged by blast but there is a probability of damage from fire. Standard Oil of British Columbia Refinery - Category A (a) Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire, (b) Refining facilities would not be structurally damaged by blast but there is a probability of damage from fire. Port of Vancouver Wharves and Piers No serious damage would be caused to wharves and piers*by this attack. Transit Sheds Severe damage - would be caused to the shed of the Terminal Dock and Warehouse Company. Moderate damage - would be caused to the shed on Lapointe Pier # 2. Slight damage - would be caused to the sheds on the Fish Dock, the Great Northern Railway Pier and the Packers Steamships Company Wharf. No other sheds would receive damage other than superficial from this attack. Coal and Oil Bunkering No damage other than superficial would be caused to any of the coal and oil jetties or bunkering facilities. Grain Elevators and Cold Storage Warehouses No blast damage other than superficial would be caused to the Grain Elevators and there is little probability of damage from fire. Some blast damage would be caused to the British Columbia Ice and Cold Storage Warehouse but the probability of further damage from fire is low. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk or Immobilized - no ships would be sunk or immobilized by this attack. Slight damage - ships berthed or anchored near the Shell Oil Jetty in Burrard Inlet would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 3A - Chosen to give maximvim effect on one grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 20-25$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue, A nighttime attack would cause casualties among 15$ of the popvilation (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 8 Boilers, Tanks and Plate forks Vancouver Iron Works - Category C Severe structural damage would be caused by blast but the probability of further damage from fire is low. Approximately 10-15$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Bridge and Structural Steel Western Bridge and Steel Fabricators - Category C This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 60-95$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Communications - Telephonic BC Telephone Company, Main Urban Exchange - Category A Moderate structural damage would be caused by blast but the probability of further damage to the building and equipment from fire is high. Approximately 15-25$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Gas Storage Holders BC Electric Company, Station # I - Category A Gas holders and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Shipbuilding and Repairing Burrard Dry Dock Company Limited - Category A Moderate structural damage would be caused by blast but the probability of further damage from fire is low. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Port of Vancouver Wharves and Piers Serious blast damage would be caused to the Canadian Pacific Railway Piers B, C and H, and Quay Wharves, to the Canadian National Steamships Pier, Evans, Coleman and Evans Piers # I and 2, and the Standard Oil of British Columbia (Burrard) Jetty, No serious damage would be caused to other important wharves and piers by this attack. Transit Sheds Destroyed - the sheds on the Fish Dock, Canadian Pacific Railway Piers A, B and C, Pier H, the Quay Wharves; the sheds of Canadian National Steamships, Evans, Coleman and Evans, Great Northern Railway, and Packers Steamship Company would be destroyed by this attack. Severe damage - would be caused to the shed # 2 on Lapointe Pier. Moderate structural blast damage would be caused to the sheds on Ballantyne Piers I, 2, 3 and 4, and the probability of further serious fire damage is high. Slight damage - would be caused to the shed of the Terminal Dock and Warehouse Company. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EIES ONLY - 9 Coal and Oil Bunkering Serious damage would be caused to the Standard Oil of British Columbia Jetty and bunkering facilities. Grain Elevators and Cold Storage Warehouses No serious blast damage would be caused to grain elevators by this attack but there is a probability of fire in the National Harbours Board Elevators # I, 2 and 3. Severe structural blast damage would be caused to the National Harbour Board Fish Cold Storage and the Vancouver Ice and Cold Storage Warehouses and there is a high probability that they would be destroyed by fire. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk - ships berthed or anchored between the Canadian Pacific Railway Quay Wharves and the Canadian National Steamships Pier would be sunk or destroyed. Immobilized - all other ships berthed or anchored between Canadian Pacific Railway Pier A and west of Ballantyne Pier would be immobilized. Slight damage - other ships berthed or anchored between the Coal Harbour and the British Columbia Sugar Refinery would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 4A - Chosen to give maximum effect on a second grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among ^15-15$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause casualties among ^15-15$ of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: Boilers,' Tanks and Plate Works Vancouver Iron Works - Category C Slight structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of further damage from fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Shipbuilding and Repairing Burrard Dry Dock Company Limited - Category A Moderate structural damage would be caused by blast but the probability of further damaf.e to shops and equipment is low. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Communications - Telephonic BC Telephone Company, Main Urban Exchange - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a slight possibility of damage from fire. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. 000484 J �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EIES ONLY - 10 Gas Storage Holders BC Electric Company Station # I - Category A Gas holers and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. BC Electric Company Station # 2 - Category A Gas holders and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Bridge and Structural Steel Western Bridge and Steel Fabricators - Category C Very severe structural damage would be caused by blast but the probability of further damage from fire is low. Approximately 10-15$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Port of Vancouver Wharves and Piers Serious blast damage would be caused to the National Harbours Board Fish Dock and.the Great Northern Railway Company Wharf. Other wharves and piers would not be seriously damaged. Transit Sheds Destroyed - sheds on all the Ballantyne Piers, the sheds # I and 2 on Lapointe Pier, the Canadian Pacific Railway Pier H, the National Harbours Board Fish Dock; the Canadian National Steamships Company shed, and the sheds of Evans, Coleman and Evans, the Great Northern Railway, Packers Steamships Company and Terminal Dock and Warehouse Company would be destroyed by this attack. Severe damage would be caused to the sheds on Canadian Pacific Railway Piers A, B and C, and Quay Wharves. Coal and Oil Bunkering . No damage would be caused to coal and oil jetties or bunkering facilities. Grain Elevators and Cold Storage Warehouses The National Harbours Board Grain Elevators 2 and 3 would be destroyed by blast and fire. Severe blast damage would be caused to all Cold Storage facilities and the probability of further damage from fire is high. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk - ships berthed or anchored between the Great Northern Railway Pier and # 3 Grain Jetty would be sunk or destroyed. Immobilized - other ships berthed or anchored between Lapointe Pier and just west of Ballantyne Pier would be immobilized. Slight damage - other ships berthed or anchored in Vancouver Harbour westward to Union Steamships Company Wharf would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. �Document cnscioseu u n a e r i n e Mccess io injuimuttuu MLI Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 11 Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 5A - Chosen to give maximum effeot on a third grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb A casualties ditions of casualties daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause among 15-30$ of the population depending on conwarning and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause among /l5-20$ of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: Boilers, Tanks and Plate Works Vancouver Iron Works - Category C Plant and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 60-95$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Bridge and Structural Steel Western Bridge and Steel Fabricators - Category C This plant and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Communications - Telephonic BC Telephone Company, Main Urban Exchange - Category A Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of further serious damage to building and equipment from fire is high. Approximately 15-25$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Gas Storage Holders BC Electric Company, Station # I - Category A Gas holders and equipment would be destroyed by b2a s t and f i r e . Port of Vancouver Wharves and Piers No serious dama: e would be caused to wharves and piers by this attack. Transit Sheds Destroyed - the shed on the Canadian Pacific Railway Pier A would be destroyed. Severe damage - would be caused to the shed on Canadian Pacific Railway Pier H and the Quay Wharves and the sheds of Evans, Coleman and Evans. Moderate damage - would be caused to the sheds of the Great Northern Railway and Packers Steamship Company, No serious damage would be caused to other sheds by this attack. Coal and Oil Bunkering No serious damage would be caused to coal and oil jetties or bunkering facilities. Grain Elevators and Cold Storage Warehouses Some structural blast damage would be caused to the National Harbour Board Fish Cold Storage Warehouse but the probability of further damage from fire is low. No damage other than superficial would be caused to any other of these facilities. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) No damage would be caused to shipping by this attack. 000486 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 12 Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 6A - Chosen to give maximvim • ' effect on a fourth grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb It is not possible to calculate accurately the casualties for this Aiming Point, but it is estimated that they would not be high. Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: Petroleum Facilities British American Oil Refinery - Category A (a) Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. (b) Refining facilities would not be structurally damaged by blast but there is a probability of damage from fire. Imperial Oil Refinery - Category A (a) Storage facilities might receive slight structural damage from blast. (b) Refining facilities would not be damaged. Port of Vancouver No damage would be caused to any of the port facilities by this attack. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 3B - Chosen effect on one Points bomb. to give maximvim on population and grouping of Vital by a 100 Kiloton A daytime attack on this Aiming Point vould cause casualties among 40-50$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause casualties among 25-45$ of the population (Tables I and II), Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: Boilers, Tanks and Plate Works Vancouver Iron Works - Category C Buildings and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 85-95$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Bridge and Structural Steel Dominion Bridge Company Limited - Category C Slight structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of further damage to the building and contents from fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Western Bridge and Steel Fabricators - Category C Buildings and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire and approximately 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000487 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 13 ~ Shipbuilding and Repairing Burrard Dry Dock Company Limited - Category A Moderate structural damage would be caused by blast but the probability of further damage to shops and equipment is low. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Communications - Telephonic BC Telephone Company, Main Exchange - Category A Building snd equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Gas Storage Holders BC Electric Company, Station # I - Category A Gas holders and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. / / Port of Vancr^ver No vamage would be caused to harbour facilities by this attack. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point #.JSB - Chosen to give maximvim effect on a second grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among ^5$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and resoue. A nighttime attack would cause casualties among /5$ of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: Petroleum Facilities British American Oil Refinery - Category A (a) Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. (b) Refining facilities would receive no serious blast damage uwt there is a probability of damage from fire. Imperial Oil Refinery (IOCO) - Category A (a) There is a probability of slight damage to storage facilities from blast, (b) Refining facilities would not be damaged. Shell Oil Refinery - Category A (a) There is a probability of slight damage to storage facilities from blast. (b) Refining facilities would not be damaged. Port of Vancouver No damage would be caused to any of the port facilities by this attack. 000488 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 13 Shipbuilding and Repairing Burrard Dry Dock Company Limited - Category A Moderate s t r u c t u r a l damage would be caused by b l a s t but the p r o b a b i l i t y of further damage t o shops and equipment i s low. Approximately £-10$ of the s h i f t on duty would be k i l l e d or s e r i o u s l y injured. Communications . Telephonic BC Telephone Company, Main Exchange - Category A Building and equipment would be destroyed by b l a s t and f i r e . Approximately 9^-100/2 of the s h i f t on duty would be k i l l e d or s e r i o u s l y injured. Gas Storage Holders BC .Electric Company, S t a t i on #1 - Category A Gas holders and equipment would be destroyed by b l a s t and f i r e . Port of Vancouver Wharves and Piers No serious damage would be caused t o wharves and piers by t h i s a t t a c k . Transit Sheds Destroyed'- Shed # 2 on Lapointe Pier, sheds on'the Fish Dock, the Canadian Pacific Railway Piers A, B and C, H and the Quay Wharves, the sheds of Evans, Coleman and Evans, the Great Northern Railway, and Packers Steamships Company would be destroyed by t h i s attack. Severe damage - Would be caused to the shed on the Canadian National Steamships Wharf and the shed of Terminal Dock and Warehouse Company, Moderate damage - Would be caused to the shed # 1 on Lapointe Pier. No structural blast damage would be caused to the sheds on the Ballantyne Pier but there is a probability of damage from fire. Coal and Oil Bunkering No serious damage would be caused to the coal and oil jetties and bunkering facilities. Grain Elevators and Cold Storage Warehouses Serious blast damage would be caused to National Harbour Board Fish Cold Storage and Vancouver Ice and Cold Storage Warehouses and there is a high probability of file. No blast damage other than superficial would be caused to other facilities but there is a probability of fire damage,Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk or Immobilized - No ships would be sunk or immobilized by this attack. Slight damage . Ships berthed or anchored west of Canadian National Steamships Pier would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. 000489 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY ~ lU - Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # UB - Chosen t o give maximura effect on a second grouping of V i t a l Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on t h i s Aiming Point would cause casualties among /5% of -the population depending on conditions of warning and r e s c u e . A nighttime attack would cause c a s u a l t i e s among £5% of the popvilation (Tables I and I I ) . Damage to those V i t a l Points which l i e within the radius of destructio n of t h i s Aiming Point i s described below: Petroleum F a c i l i t i e s British American Oil Refinery - Category A (a) Storage f a c i l i t i e s would be destroyed by b l a s t and f i r e , (b) Refining f a c i l i t i e s would receive no serious b l a s t damage but there i s a probability of damage from f i r e . Imperial Oil Refinery (IOCO) - Category A (a) There i s a p r o b a b i l i ty of s l i g h t damage to storage f a c i l i t i e s from b l a s t . (b) Refining f a c i l i t i e s trould not be damaged. Shell O i l Refinery - Category A (a) There i s a p r o b a b i l i t y of s l i g h t damage to storage f a c i l i t i e s from b l a s t . (b) refining f a c i l i t i e s would not be damaged. Port of Vancouver No damage would be caused to any of the port f a c i l i t i e s by t h i s a t t a c k . (d) Effects on Morale I t i s expected t h a t the effect on morale in large centres of population i n Canada, and a t l e a s t the northern parts of the United S t a t e s , would be much the same whichever c i t y i s attacked by an atomic bomb. The effect w i l l probably be somewhat proportionate to the s i z e of the c a s u a l t i e s i n f l i c t e d by individual bombs and by the number of c i t i e s attacked. IV Air Navigation Aspects of an Attack With the equipment a t present available t o the Russian Long Range Air Force, Vancouver would not be a d i f f i c u l t t a r g e t to locate for a well trained navigator not familiar with the a r e a . I t would not be feasible t o plan an approach to the area without r a d a r , however, as the area i s frequently shrouded i n fog and cloud. Accuracy i n identifying specific Aiming Points i s a more c r i t i c a l aspect. However, the V i t a l Points i n Vancouver are spread over a wide area and an explosion over many parts of the b u i l t up area ttfould cause considerable damage to V i t a l Points and Population, though of a l e s s e r magnitude than described by this report. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 14 «(d) Effects on Morale It is expected that rhe effect on morale in large centres of population in Canada, and at least the northern parts of the United States, would be much the same whichever city is attacked by an atomic bomb. The effect will probably be somewhat proportionate to the size of the casualties inflicted by individual bombs and by the number of cities attacked. IV Air Navigation Aspects of an Attack With the equipment at present available to the Russian Long Range Air Force, Vancouver would not be a difficult target to locate for a well trained navigator not familiar with the area. It would not be feasible to plan an approach to the area without radar, however, as the area is frequently shrouded in fog and cloud. Accuracy in identifying specific Aiming points is a more critical aspect. However, the Vital Points in Vancouver are spread over a wide area and an explosion over many parts of the built up area would cause considerable damage to Vital Points and Population, though of a lesser magnitude than described by this report. 000491 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES - CITY OF VANCOUVER TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY DAYTIME ATTACK 100 K i l o t o n Bonto 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Aiming Point # I - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on P o p u l a t i o n by a 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 58,400 13,100 12,800 No Warning - With Rescue 52,600 15,800 13,700 With Warning - With Rescue 47,400 13,400 11,700 Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured 17,400 7,800 6,100 Aiming P o i n t # 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on one I s o l a t e d Group of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue 8,500 . 2,600 2,000 No Warning — No Rescue No Warning - With Rescue 4,700 3,900 2,600 No yfarning - With Rescue 9,600 10,600 7,500 With Warning - With Rescue 3,800 2,800 2,100 With Warning - With Rescue 7,300 6,700 4,800 Aiming P o i nt # 3A - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on one Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 20 K i l o t o n Bomb No Warning - No Rescue 45,400 15,200 No Warning - With Rescue 38,100 18,400 With Warning - With Rescue 33,000 13,800 14,000 . 15,200 13,100 000492 ' �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act TABLE I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES - CITY OF VANCOUVER r f ^ g t f ^ DAYTIME ATTACK en venude.a Loi sur I'acces information CANADIAN EYES ONLY 20 K i l o t o n Boirib /tf 100 K j l o t o n Bomb Aiming P o i n t # 3B - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on P o p u l a t i o n and one Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 100 Kjloton Bomb Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Resoue 98,800 27,600 25,900 No Warning - With Resoue 66,000 40,000 32,800 With Warning - With Rescue 54,500 28,300 25,500 Aiming P o i n t # 4A - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Second Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 20 K i l o t o n Bomb No Warning - No Rescue 12,700 14,800 16,600 No Warning - With Rescue 8,400 16,100 17,400 With Warning - With Resoue 6,500 10,400 11,300 Aiming Point # 4B - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Second Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 100 K j l o t o n Bomb 2,700 2,100 1,700 No Warning - With Rescue 800 2,600 2,100 With Warning - With Rescue 500 1,600 1,200 No Warning - No Resoue • 000493 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TABLE I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES - CITY OF VANCOUVER CANADIAN EYES ONLY DAYTIME ATTACK 100 K j l o t o n Bomb 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Aiming P o i n t # 5A - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Third Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 20 K j l o t o n Bomb Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 41,300 23,400 20,900 No Warning - With Rescue 24,300 29,200 24,000 With Warning - With Rescue 17,500 19,400 20,600 Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Aiming Point # 6A - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Fourth Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 20 K i l o t o n Bomb 100 100 100 No Warning - With Rescue 0 100 100 With Warning - With Rescue 0 100 100 No Warning - No Rescue 000494 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TABLE I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES - CITY OF VANCOUVER NIGHTTIME ATTACK CANADIAN EYES ONLY .' • 100 K i l o t o n Bomb 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Aiming Point # I - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on P o p u l a t i o n by a 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 29,000 10,200 7,500 No Warning - With Rescue 17,100 15,500 9,700 11,800 11,600 9,200 With Warning ;ue - With Rescue Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on one I s o l a t e d Group of V i t a l P o i n t s 17,100 7,800 5,600 No Warning - With Rescue 9,500 10,500 7,000 With Warning - With Rescue 7,400 6,600 4,400 No ?Jarning - No Rescue 8,300 2,600 1,900 No E a r n i n g - No Rescue No Warning - With. Rescue 5,000 3,700 2,500 With Warning - With Rescue 4,100 2,600 2,000 Aiming Point # 3A - Chosen t o Give Maxiraum E f f e c t on One Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 20 K j l o t o n Bomb 9,600 16,500 8,100 11,700 9,600 No Warning - No Rescue 7,900 No Warning - With Rescue 6,700 7,700 6,200 With Warning - With Rescue Aiming Poin t # 3B - Chosen- t o Give Maximum Effect on P o p u l a t i o n and on one Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 100 K i l o t o n Bomb No Warning - No Resoue 65,500 20,800 16,700 No Warning - With Resoue 35,900 32,500 22,100 With Warning - With Rescue 26,500 21,100 15,500 000495 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TABLE I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES - CITY OF VANCOUVER CANADIAN EYES ONLY .MGETTIMS ATTACK 100 Kiloton Bomb 20 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point # 4A - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb Killed Seriously Injured Killed Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 9,400 7,900 7,100 No Warning - With Rescue 4,900 9,200 7,800 With Warning - With Rescue 3,600 6,200 5,700 Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Aiming Point # 4B - C h o s e n ' t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Second Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 100 K j l o t o n Bomb . 2,,900 2, 300 1,800 No Warning - With Rescue 900 2, 800 2,100 With Warning - With Rescue 600 1J 700 1,300 No Warning - No Rescue Aiming- P o i nt jj-5A - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Third Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue by a 20 K i l o t o n Boirib 25,000 l S , 200 No Warning - With Rescue With Warning - With Rescue 10,900 8,900 17,700 13,600 S^OO- 11,500 10,200 Aiming Point # 6A-Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Fourth Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 20 K100 j l o t o n Bomb 200 No Warning - No Rescue No Warning - With Rescue With W-rning - With Rescue 100 100 200 100 0 100 100 000496 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABIE II - CASUAItflES AS PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION x TOP SECRET CANADIAN EXES ONLY DAYTIME ATTACK 100 Kiloton Bomb 20 Kjloton Bomb Aiming Point # I - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population by a 20 Kiloton Boob Killed Seriously Injured Killed Lightly Injured No Warning - No Resoue 20 5 5 No Warning - With Rescue 15 5 5 With Warning - With Reseue 15 5 5 Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on one Isolated Grouping of Vital Points ll No Warning - No Rescue 5 5 ti /p till ti No Warning - With Rescue 5 5 ti /? ti- ti With Warning - With Rescue ti ti ti No Warning - No Reseue /p No Warning - With Reseue With Warning - With Resftue Aiming Point # 3A - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on One Grouping of V i t a l Points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb No Warning - No Rescue 15 5 5 No Warning - With Rescue 10 5 5 With Warning - With Rescue 10 5 5 000497 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABIE II - PASCAL-TIES AS PERCENTAGE OF -POFCIATION TOP SECRET DAYTIME ATTACK CANADIAN EYES ONLY 20 Kiloton Boirib 100 Kjloton Bomb Aiming Point # 5B - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population and on One Grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 30 10 10 No Warning - With Rescue 20 15 10 With Warning - With Rescue 20 10 10 Aiming Point # 4A - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb No Warning - No Rescue 5 5 5 No Warning - With Rescue 5 5 5 5 5 With Warning - With Resoue /p Aiming Point # 4B - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb No Warning - No Resoue ti ti ti No Warning - With Rescue ti ti ti With Warning - With Rescue ti ti ti 000498 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I . CA&JAI3.IB5 AS PERCENTAGE OF POHJIATION DAYTIME ATTACK 20 Kjloton Bomb TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY j_ Aiming Point # 5A - Chosen t o Give Maximvim E f f e c t on a Third Grouping of V i t a l Points by a 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 15 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 10 10 10 With Warning - With Resoue 5 5 5 x Based on 310,000 w i t h i n 5 m i l e s of an Aiming P o i n t . The population of t h e metropolitan area i s 530,700 of the c i t y proper i s 344,800 000499 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TABIE II - CASUALTIES AS PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION x CANADIAN EYES ONLY NIGHTTIME ATTACK 100 Kjloton Bomb 20 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point # I - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population by a 20 Kiloton Bomb Killed Seriously Injured Killed Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 15 5 5 No Warning - With Rescue 10 5 5 With Warning - With Rescue 5 5 5 Ser iousl y Injured Light ly Injured Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on one Isolated Grouping of V i t a l Points No Warning - No Resoue No Warning - With Resoue With Warning - With Resoue 5 ti ti No Warning - No Rescue 10 5 5 /ftp ti ti No Warning - With Rescue 5 5 5 /p ti ti With Warning - With Rescue 5 5 ti Aiming Point # 5A - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on one Grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton Boirib No Warning - No Rescue 5 5 5 No Warning - With Rescue 5 5 5 With Warning - With Rescue 5 5 5 000500 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE II - CASUALTIES AS PERCENTAGE OF POPJIATION TOP SECRET NIGHTTIME ATTACK 20 Kjloton Bomb CANADIAN EYES ONLY . 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point # 5B - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population and on One Grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 30 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 15 15 10 With Warning - With Rescue 10 10 5 Aiming Point # 4A - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb No Warning - No Resoue 5 5 5 No Warning - With Rescue Ip 5 5 With Warning - With Rescue /ftp 5 5 Aiming Point #4B - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb No Warning - No Rescue ti ti No Warning - With Rescue ti ti With Warning - With Rescue ti ti ti ti ti 000501 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I CASUALTIES AS PERCENTAGE OF POHJLATION _____ NIGHTTIME ATTACK TOP SECRET ; ^ CANADIAN EYES ONLY 20 Kjloton Bomb Aiming Point # 5A - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a Third Grouping of V i t a l Points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 10 5 5 No Warning - With Resoue 5 10 5 With Warning - With Rescue /p 5 5 x Based on 227,000 within 5 miles of an Aiming P o i n t. The population of t h e metropolitan a r e a i s 530,700 of the c i t y proper i s 344,800 000502 _.. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point # I - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population by a 20 Kiloton Bomb Vital Po.iiits V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage by Blast $ ) Probability of Fire With F i r e No F i r e 25-50 0-25 100 100 Burrard Dry Dock Company Limited A Imperial Oil Refinery (IOCO) A 0 None Shell Oil Refinery A 0 None Standard Oil of B.C. Refinery A 0 None British American Oil Company A 0 None British Columbia Electric Co # I A 100 High British Columbia Electric Co # 2 A 0 None Main Urban Telephone Company Exchange (s) A 100 High LionsT Gate Bridge A 0 None 0 Main Electric Power Receiving Stn (Homepayne) A 0 None 0 Electric Power Receiving Station (Burnaby) A 0 None 0 Bristol Aeroplane Engines Ltd B 0 None 0 Tape Relay Service B o None 0 Vancouver Iron Works C 100 Med Dominion Bridge Company Limited C 0 None 0 Western Bridge and Steel Fabricators C 0 None 0 t ti®?° Low Damage t o Content s 100 75 - 100 000503 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act PpQ^efflTGfaydjgCTeren vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL FniKTS CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point # I - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on P o p u l a t i o n by a 100 K i l o t o n Bomb Vital Points V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage by Blast (£) Probability of Fire Damage t o Contents With F i r e 50 - 75 No F i r e /pof, Burrard Dry Dock Company Limited A 50$ App Med Imperial Oil Refinery A 0 None S h e l l Oil Refinery A 0 None S t a n d a r d O i l of B.C. R e f i n e r y A 0 None B r i t i s h American O i l Company A 0 None B r i t i s h Columbia E l e c t r i c Co # I A 100 High B r i t i s h Columbia E l e c t r i c Co # 2 A 100 High A 100 High 100 100 A 0 None yim 0 e) A Main E l e c t r i c Power R e c e i v i ng S t n (Bornepayne) 0 None - 0 E l e c t r i c Power R e c e i v i n g S t a t i o n (Burnaby) A 0 None - 0 B r i s t o l Aeroplane Engines Ltd B 0 None - 0 Vancouver I r o n Works C 100 High 100 75 - 100 Dominion Bridge Company Limited C /JSX/O Low 50$ App lX&fo Western Bridge and S t e e l F a b r i c a t o r s C 100 High 100 100 Tape Relay S e r v i c e B /isf, Low 50fo App /2Sfo (IOCO) Main Urban Telephone Company Exchange (s) L i o n ' s Gate Bridge 000504 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on One I s o l a t e d Group of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Vital Point Category Vital Points Burrard D y Dock Company Limited T Imperial Oil Refinery (IOCO) S h e l l O i l Refinery S t a n d a r d O i l of B . C . R e f i n e r y B r i t i s h Columbia E l e c t r i c Co # I B r i t i s h Columbia E l e c t r i c Go # 2 Main Urban Telephone Co Exchange(s) Lions T Gate Bridge Main E l e c t r i c Power R e c ' n S t n T E l e c t r i c Power Rec n S t n (Homepayne) (Burnaby) B r i s t o l Aeroplane E n g i n e s Ltd Taps R l a y S e r v i c e Vancouver I r o n Works Dominion Bridge Company Limited Structural Damage by B l a s t <$) Probability of Fire Damage t o C o n t e n t s With F i r e No F i r e - 0 None - 0 0 None - 0 A 0 None - 0 A 0 None - 0 3 0 None — 0 B 0 None - 0 C 0 None - 0 Low 75-100 /ftftXXo A 0 None A 0 None A 100 High A 100 High A 0 None A 0 None A 0 A C C 75% App 0 None 4P* 0 Western Bridge and S t e e l F a b r i c a t o r s 000505 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TABIE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on One Isolated Group of Vital Points by a 100 KT Bomb Vital Point Category Vital Points Structural Danage by Blast 0&) obability of Fire B u r r a r d Dry Dock Company Limited A 0 None Imperial Oil Refinery A 0 None S h e l l O i l Refinery A 100 High S t a n d a r d O i l of B . C . R e f i n e r y A 100 High B r i t i s h American O i l Company A 0 None B r i t i s h Columbia E l e c t r i c Co # I A 0 B r i t i s h Columbia E l e c t r i c Co # 2 A •' x Damage to Contents With Fire No Fire p* 0 None - 0 0 None - 0 A 0 None - 0 A 0 None - 0 A 0 None - 0 A 0 None - 0 B r i s t o l Aeroplane Engines Ltd B 0 Mone - 0 Tape Relay S e r v i c e B 0 None - 0 Vancouver I r o n Works C 0 None _ 0 Dominion Bridge Company Limited C 100 100 75 - 100 Western Bridge and S t e e l F a b r i c a t o r s C 0 (IOCO) Main Urban Telephone Company Exchange (s) L i o n s 1 Gate Bridge Main E l e c t r i c Power R e c e i v i n g S t n E l e c t r i c Power R e c e i v i n g S t a t i o n (Hornepayne)) (Burnaby) None 4 0 000506 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POBITS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming P o i n t # 3A - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on One Grouping of V i t a l p o i n t s V i t a l Point Categ ory Vital Points Structural Damage by Blast $ ) Probability of Fire by a 20 KT Bomb Damage t o C o n t e n t s Wjth F i r e No F i r e Burrard Dry Dock Company Limited A' 25f0 App Low I m p e r i a l O i l Refinery A 0 None S h e l l Oil Refinery A 0 None Standard O i l of B . C . R e f i n e r y A 0 None B r i t i s h American Ojl Company A 0 None B r i t i s h Columbia E l e c t r i c Co # I A 100 High B r i t i s h Columbia E l e c t r i c Co # 2 A 0 None Main Urban Telephone Company Exchange(s) A .25-50 High Lions * Gate Bridge A 0 None - 0 Main E l e c t r i c Power R e c ' n S t n (Hornepayne) A 0 None *•* o E l e c t r i c Pov?er R e c ' n S t a t i o n A 0 None - 0 B r i s t o l Aeroplane Engines Ltd B 0 None - 0 Tape R e l a y S e r v i c e B 0 None - 0 Vancouver I r o n Works C 75$ App Low Dominion Bridge Company Limited C 0 None - 0 Western Bridge and S t e e l F a b r i c a t o r s C 100 Med 100 75fo App (IOCO) (Burnaby) >* ' 25% App 0 75 - 100 25 - 50 75 - 100 50-75 000507 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EF, ECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SBCRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point # M - Chosen t o Give Maximum E-ffect on a Second Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 20 KT Boirib Vital Points Vital Point Category Structural Damage by Blast $ ) Low Danage t o C o n t e n t s With F i r e No F i r e 50 - 75 25-50 Burrard Dry Dock Company Limited A I m p e r i a l O i l Refinery A 0 None S h e l l Oil Refinery A 0 None Standard O i l of B . C . R e f i n e ry A 0 None B r i t i s h American O i l Company A 0 None B r i t i s h Columbia E l e c t r i c Co # I A 100 High B r i t i s h Columbia E l e c t r i c Co # 2 A 100 High Main Urban Telephone Company Exchange (s) A 0 Low 50% App 0 L i o n s ' Gate Bridge A 0 None ••* 0 Main E l e c t r i c Power Reo T n S t n (Hornepayne) A 0 None 4m* 0 E l e c t r i c Power R e c ' n S t n (Burnaby) A 0 . None *-m 0 B r i s t o l Aeroplane Engines Ltd B 0 None - 0 Tape R_lay S e r v i c e B 0 None - 0 Vancouver I r o n Works C Low 50% App 0 - 2 5 Dominion Bridge Company Limited C - 0 Western Bridge and S t e e l F a b r i c a t o r s C (IOCO) 25-50 Probability of Fire /25# 0 7b - 100 None Low 75 - 100 75$ App 000508 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act _ „ d o c u m e n t dnwlgue en vertu de la l o i sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POII3TS . '' •* CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point # 5A - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Third Grouping of Vital Points by a 20 K T Bomb Vital Points Vital Point Category Struct ural Damage by Blast fit) Probability of Fire With Fire - Burrard D r y Dock Company Limited A 0 None Imperial Oil Refinery A 0 None S h e l l O i l Refinery A 0 N0ne S t a n d a r d O i l of B . C . R e f i n e r y A 0 Nono B r i t i s h American O i l Company A 0 None B r i t i s h Columbia E l e c t r i c Co # I A 100 High B r i t i s h Columbia E l e c t r i c Co # 2 A 0 None Main Urban Telephone Company Exchange (s) A L i o n s 1 Gate Bridge A Main E l e c t r i c Power R e c ' n S t n (Hornepayne) (IOCO) Damage to Contents No Fire 0 50% App High 75 - 100 0 None —# 0 A 0 None - 0 E l e c t r i c Power R e o , n S t n (Burnaby) A 0 None - 0 B r i s t o l Aeroplane Engines Ltd B 0 None - 0 • B 0 None - 0 100 75 - 100 Tape R e l a y S e r v i c e 50% App Vancouver I r o n Works C 100 Med Dominion B r i d g e Company Limited C 0 None .*•? 0 Western B r i d g e and S t e e l F a b r i c a t o r s C 100 High 100 100 000509 * �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act m ^ ^ c t g u j m i r t - r i i m i l g u e en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SCMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POII1TS •—" • • • *" ""v CANADIAN 1YES ONLY Aiming Point # 6A - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Fourth Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 20 KT Bomb Vital Point Category Vital Points Structural Damage by B l a s t (%) Damage t o Cci n t e n t s Probability of Fire With F i r e *• 0 No F i r e Burrard Dry Dock Company Limited A 0 None I m p e r i a l O i l R e f i n e ry A 0 Low S h e l l O i l Refinery A 0 None S t a n d a r d O i l of B.C. R e f i n e r y A 0 None B r i t i s h American O i l Company A 100 High B r i t i s h Columbia E l e c t r i c Co # I A 0 None B r i t i s h Columbia E l e c t r i c Co # 2 A 0 None A 0 None - 0 A 0 None •n 0 A 0 None - 0 A 0 None ^» 0 B 0 None >W» B r i s t o l Aeroplane E n g i n e s Ltd 0 Tape R e l a y S e r v i c e B 0 None - 0 Vancouver I r o n Works C 0 None - 0 Dominion Bridge Company Limited C 0 None - 0 Western Bridge and S t e e l F a b r i c a t o r s C 0 None - 0 (IOCO) Main Urban Telephone Company Exchange (s) L i o n s ' Gate Bridge Main E l e c t r i c Power R e c ' n S t n E l e c t r i c Power R e c ' n S t n (Hornepayne) (Burnaby) 000510 /*> �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act DoojjTi£jit cjj<uijgu<i£n vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information W'Sras! TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming P o i n t # 5B - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on P o p u l a t i o n and on one Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s Vital Points V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage by B l a s t {%) by a 100 KT Bomb Damage t o Contents Probability of Fire With F i r e 50$ App No F i r e Burrard Dry Dock Company Limited A 25 - 50 Low Imperial Oil Refinery A 0 None S h e l l Oil Refinery A 0 None S t a n d a r d O i l of B . C . R e f i n e r y A 0 None B r i t i s h American O i l Company A 0 None B r i t i s h Columbia E l e c t r i c Co # I A 100 High B r i t i s h Columbia E l e c t r i c Co # 2 A 100 High Main Urban Telephone Company Exchange (s) . A 0 None -^ 0 L i o n s ' Gate B r i d ge A 0 None *•* 0 Main E l e c t r i c Power R e c e i v i n g S t n (Homepayne)A 0 None ta* 0 E l e c t r i c Power R e c e i v i n g S t a t i o n (Burnaby) A 0 None - 0 B r i s t o l Aeroplane E n g i n es Ltd B 0 None - 0 Tape Relay S e r v i c e B £ 25% Vancouver I r o n Works C 100 Dominion Bridge Company Limited C L 25$ Western Bridge and S t e e l F a b r i c a t o r s C 100 (IOCO) Low 50 100 Low High N 50% App 100 25% App 75 25% App 75 - 100 L *& 100 000511 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point # 4B - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kf Bomb Vital Points Vital Point Category Structural Damage by Blast (%) Probability of Fire Damage to Contents With Fire No Fire 0 Burrard Dry Dock Company Limited A 0 None Imperial Oil Refinery (IOCO) A 0 None Shell Oil Refinery A 0 None Standard Oil of B.C* Refinery A 0 None British American Oil Company A 100 High British Columbia Electric Co # I A 0 None 0 British Columbia Electric Co # 2 A 0 None 0 Main Urban Telephone Company Exchange (s) A 0 None 0 Lions' Gate Bridge A 0 None 0 Main Eleotric Power Receiving Stn (Hornepayne) ) A 0 None 0 Electric Power Receiving Station (Burnaby) A 0 None Bristol Aeroplane Engines Ltd B 0 None 0 Tape Relay Service B 0 None 0 Vancouver Iron Works C 0 None 0 Dominion Bridge Company Limited C 0 None 0 Western Bridge and Steel Fabricators C 0 None 0 w 0 000512 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY APFEM.IX "A" - STUDY OF CITY OF VANCOUVER F o r ' t h e C i t y of Vancouver t h e l i s t of V i t a l P o i n t s a s determined by t h e I n t e r d e p a r t m e n t a l Committee on V i t a l P o i n t s i s as follows: Category "A" Burrard Drydock Company Limited (North Vancouver) Imperial Refinery (loco) Shell Refinery (Shelbourne) British Columbia Electric Company Main Urban Telephone Exchange Lions Gate Bridge British Columbia Power Corporation's main electric power receiving station (Hornepayne) British Columbia Power Corporation's electric power receiving station (Burnaby) Category "B" British Airoplane Engines Limited Tape Relay Service Category "C" Vancouver Iron Works Dominion Bridge Company Limited Western Bridge and Steel Fabricators Limited Wireless Station, Army The categories determined by the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital Points are designed for sabotage studies. They have been adapted for the present study by raising those points which are important to the joint Canadian U.S. war effort from Category "A" to a superior Category "AA", and by restating the significance of the categories. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN ^YLS ONLY - 2 The categories used are as follows: Category "Aa" Individual plants or buildings of sufficient importance to the North American war effort to be considered possible atomic bomb targets, irrespective of any effects of an A-bomb attack on the target on other vital points. Additional effects will, however, play a prt in determining the relative importance of Category "Aa" targets and they have, therefore, been studied and reported. Category "A" Individual plants or buildings not of sufficient importance to the North American war effort to be considered A-bomb targets by themselves, but which may become A-bomb targets if the other effects of the explosion of a bomb over the target would produce a Sufficient cumulative effect on population and other vital points. Category "B" Important points to be considered in conjunction with attacks on Category "Ai." and Category "A" targets. Category "C" Minor points to be considered in conjunction with attacks on Category "AA" and Category "A" targets. 000514 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CDIM02664 Title A name given to the resource Report, "Atomic Vulnerability Study of Canada, City of Vancouver" Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 10/8/1953 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Nuclear Vulnerability Study, RG25, Vol. 4563, File 50041-A-40, Part 2, LAC. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Department of External Affairs Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Canadian Crown Subject The topic of the resource Early Cold War, Atomic Vulnerability Description An account of the resource Atomic Vulnerability Study Panel, Ottawa Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Canada Declassified Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource en https://declassified.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/c3be57d6f8d24dd76f92e37b54288af0.pdf 5fb6f4a09af4fb1929912eab5da505b0 PDF Text Text Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la l o i sur I'acces a I'information 4 JIBTS 200-2113-2 TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY nmmm TO mm ATOMIC VUINERABILITY STUDY OF THE CITY OF VICTORIA I 1 Object of the Study KWCTASQKr This is one of a series of reports on major Canadian cities and targets which provide the basic information on enemy capabilities to cause damage to persons and to Vital Points by atomic attack. This study is not conoerned with the probability that such an enemy attack will be made. H Definitions of Terms Used Ground Zero - The point on the ground directly under the point of burst in the air Aiming Point - The point on the ground directly under the point where the bomb is aimed to be burst in the air No Rescue - No organized and trained rescue is carried out, which means effectively that only people who are not trapped Or who can escape by their own efforts survive Seriously Injured • Hospitalized persons who would not report to work for a considerable period of time Lightly Injured - First Aid cases who would be able to contribute to their work a few days after the attack Nighttime - The time during which people are in their normal places of residence Daytime - The time during whioh people are at their normal tlaces of work III Sources of Basio Information (a) population Information on the daytime and the nighttime distribution of population was obtained from the Civil Defence Director cf the City of Victoria (b) Military Establishments The military establishments important to the national war effort were chosen by the Joint Planning Committee. The Establishment in the Victoria area is listed in Appendix nAn, 000515 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY — 2 *• (e) Vital Points Information on other Vital Points was taken from the 1953 List of Vital Points, which is the work of the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital Points. The list for the '.Victoria area is given in Appendix "A". (d) Scientific Data Basic data on the effects of atomic bomb explosions on people and structures was prepared by the Defence Research Board (Scientific Adviser to the Civil Defence Co-Ordinator). IV Factors Oonsidered in Selecting Aiming Points for Study The effects of an attack on a city vary widely with the location of the bomb burst. As it is not considered practicable to study all possible points of burst, a series of Aiming Points have been selected which are calculated to give the maximvim effect on population and on differont groupings of Vital Points. The effects of an attack vary widely with the energy released by the bomb. As it is not possible to estimate the energy level of the bomb most likely to be used, separate estimates were made for a bomb with the lowest probable energy and the highest probable energy level. The effects on people also vary widely with circumstances of warning and rescue. A series of estimates were therefore made for different conditions of warning end rescue. The estimates made for conditions WITH RESCUE are for ideal rescue conditions with organized and trained rescue teams, in temperate climetes and when the atomic attack is unsupported by other weapons. In spite of rescue efforts casualties would tend towards those given for NO RESCUE under severe winter conditions, or if Chemical Warfare attack were combined with atomic attack or if the spread of fire were extensive. Conditions of visibility would also alter the effect of an attack. Poor visibility would reduce the extent of fire and the number of radiation casualties and would have some effect on the chances of pinpointing the target from the air. All calcvilations are based on an average clear day over a city with a visibility of about six miles. For the city of Victoria Ajmjng Points were chosen to give the maximvim effect on the daytime and on the nighttime distribution of population. Aiming Points were also chosen to give the maximvim effect on the Naval Dockyard, Esquimalt, and on Victoria Harbour. The present study is confined to the effect of a bomb delivered by an airborne vehicle. It is possible that Victoria, a port city with important Naval facilities would be a target for an undrwater burst. A separate study will be made of this type of attack. 000516 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN M E S ONLY - 3 - Results of the Study of the City of Victoria A daytime attack on Victoria could result in casualties among 50-65% of the population if a 20 Kiloton bomb were used, depending on conditions of warning and rescue; 60-80% if a 100 Kiloton bomb were used. A daytime attack on the Naval Dockyard,-Esquimalt, would result in casualties among 20-35% if a 20 Kiloton bomb were used; 25-60% if a 100 Kiloton bomb were used. An attaok on Victoria Harbour would result In 10-15% casualties by a 20 Kiloton bomb; 15-30% by a 100 ELloton bomb. A nighttime attack on this city could result in casualties among 30-45% of the population if a 20 Kiloton bomb were used, depending on conditions of warning and rescue; 45-70% if a 100 Kiloton bomb were used. A nighttime attack on the Naval Dockyard, Esquimalt, would result in casualties among 15-20% if a 20 Kiloton bomb were used; 25-45% if a 100 KLloton bomb were vised. An attack on Victoria Harbour would result in/10-10% casualties by a 20 ELloton bomb; 15-25% by a 100 ELloton bomb. (a) Effects on Population The effect of an attack on the daytime and nighttime population is given in Tables I and II for each Aiming Point and for different conditions of warning and resoue. (b) Effects on Vital Points A summary of the effect on Vital Points is given in Table III for each Aiming Point. The extent of damage to Vital Points and the effect on their various functions is also described below for each of the Aiming Points. The relative importance of each Vital Point to the Canadian - U.S. war effort is indicated by the category (AA, A, B or C ) , which is given for each Vital Point in Appendix n A w . A definition of each of the categories is also given in Appendix "A". �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY • 4 (c) Detailed Discussion of an Attack on Eaoh of the Aiming points Effeot of a Burst over Aiming; Point # I-D - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Daytime Distribution of Population by a 20 Kiloton Bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 50-65% of the popvilation depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). Damage to Vital points is described below: Shipbuilding and Repairing Victoria Machinery Depot, Plant # I - Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 60-95% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Victoria Machinery Depot, Plant # 2 - Category A Very severe structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability that fire would cause complete destruction. Approximately 15-55% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Yarrows Limited - Category A No damage other than superficial would be caused to building and contents. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Government Graving D ock - Category A No damage would be caused to the Dry Dock by this type of attack. Naval Dockyard - Esquimalt No serious damage would be caused to any of the dockyard facilities by this attack. Victoria Harbour Wharves and Piers All important wharves and piers in the Inner Harbour would receive serious damage from blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. No serious damage would be caused to other important wharves or piers in Victoria Harbour. Transit Sheds Destroyed - all transit sheds in the Inner Harbour would be destroyed by blast and fire. Severe damage would be caused to the Canadian National Railway shed on Pier A. Slight damage - would be caused to the shed on Canadian * National Railway Pier B and United Grain Growers Terminal (Pier B ) . Grain Elevators and Cold Storage Warehouse No serious blast danage would be caused to either of these facilities, but there is a probability of damage from fire. 000518 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act - 1 Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information] f TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 5 * Shipbuilding and Repairing Damage to the major shipbuilding and repairing facilities is described above.. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk - no ships would be sunk or destroyed. Immobilized - ships berthed or anchored within the eastern half of the Inner Harbour would be immobilized by this attack. Slight damage - all other ships within Victoria Harbour east of the Victoria Machinery Depot jetties would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point #I-D - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Daytime Distribution of Population by a 100 Kiloton Bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 60-80% of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points is described below: Shipbuilding and Repairing Yarrows Limited - Category A Severe structural building damage would be caused by blr-.st and there is a probability of further damage from fire. It is likely that some equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 10-20% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Victoria Machinery Depot, Plant # I - Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 85-95% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Victoria Machinery Depot, Plant # 2 - Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 45-90% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Government Graving Dock - Category A No damage would be caused to the Dry Dock by this t-"pe of attack. Naval Dockyard - Esquimalt Wharves and Piers No serious blast damage would be caused to Naval wharves and jetties by this attack and there is little probability of damage from fire. Administration The dockyard Administration Building would receive slight structural damage frcm blast but the probability of further damage from fire is low. Other important Administration Buildings would not be damaged by blast and there is a low probability of fire. 000519 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 6 Stores Slight structural blast damage would be caused to the main Bulk Stores Building, and the Chart Depot. All other major stores buildings would not be damaged by blast. The probability of fire in the area is low. Workshops No structural blast damage would be caused to the major workshops and the probability of damage from fire is low. RON Barracks (HMOS "Naden") No structural building damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Victoria Harbour Wharves and Piers Very serious blast damage would be caused to all wharves and piers in the Inner Harbour and the probability of fire is high. There would be little or no serious blast damage to piers in the Outer Harbour. There is a probability of fire damage to Victoria Machinery Depot Piers I and 2. Transit Sheds All the important sheds in both the Inner and Outer Harbours would be destroyed by blast and fire. Grain Elevators and Cold Storage Warehouse No blast damage would be caused to the Grain Elevators but there is a high probability of fire. The Cold Storage "Warehouse would receive moderate structural damage from blast but the probability of further damage from fire is high. Shipbuilding and Repairing Damage to the major Shipbuilding and Repairing facilities is described above. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk - no ships would be sunk or destroyed by this attack. Immobilized - ships berthed or at anchor in the Inner Harbour would be immobilized. Slight damage - all other ships within Victoria Harbour (Inner and Outer) would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. Effect of a Burst over Aiming point # I-N - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on the Nighttime Distribution of Population by a 20 Kiloton Bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming point would cause casualties among 30-45% of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). Damage to Vital Points is described below: �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 7 Shipbuilding and Repairing Yarrows Limited - Category A No damage other than superficial would be caused to shops or equipment, and no casualties would occur among shift on duty. Victoria Machinery Depot, Plant # I - Category A Very severe structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of fire. Little or no equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 15-55% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Victoria Machinery Depot, Plant # 2 - Category A Moderate structural building damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Approximately 10-15% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Government Graving Dock - Category A No damage would be caused to the Dry Dock by this type of attack. Naval Dockyard - Esquimalt No serious damage would be caused to any of the dockyard facilities by this attack. Viptoria Harbour Wharves and Piers No damage would be caused to wharves and piers in the Inner or Outer Harbours. Transit Sheds Outer Harbour - the Canadian National Railway shed on Pier A would receive moderate structural blast damage but the probability of further damage from fire is low. No damage other than superficial would be caused to other sheds in the Outer Harbour. Inner Harbour - moderate structural damage would be caused to the sheds on the Evans, Coleman and Johnson Wharf and to the shed of puget Sound Navagation Company. No blast damage other than superficial would be caused to other sheds in this area. Grain Elevators and Cold Storage Warehouse No serious damage would be caused to either of these facilities. Shipbuilding and Repairing Damage to the major Shipbuilding and Repairing facilities is described above. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) No damage would be caused to shipping by this attack. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point #I-N - Chosen to Give Maximvim Effect on the Nighttime Distribution of Population by a 100 Kiloton Bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 40-70% of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). Damage to Vital Points is described below: �' Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 8 Shipbuilding and Repairing Yarrows Limited - Category A No structural blast damage would be caused and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Victoria Machinery Depot, Plant # I - Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 45-90% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Victoria Machinery Depot, Plant # 2 - Category A Very severe structural dama-e would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Little or no salvage of equipment could be expected. Appro..ximately 25-65% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Government Graving Dock - Category A No serious damage would be caused to the Dry Dock by this attack. Naval Dockyard - Esquimalt No serious damage would be caused to the dockyard facilities by this attack. Victoria Harbour Wharves and Piers No serious damage would be caused to wharves and piers in the Inner or Outer Harbours. Transit Sheds Outer Harbour - Destroyed - the shed on the Canadian National Railway Pier A would be destroyed. Serious Damage - would be caused to all other important sheds in the Outer Harbour. Inner Harbour - Destroyed - the sheds on the Evans, Coleman and Johnson Wharf; and the Puget Sound Navigation Company Jetty would be destroyed by this attack. Serious damage - would be caused to the shed on the Canadian Pacific Railway Wharf. Grain Elevators and Cold Storage Warehouse No serious damage would be caused to either of these facilities. Shipbuilding and Repairing Damage to the major shipbuilding and repairing facilities is described above. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk or Immobilized - no ships would be sunk or immobilized by this attack. Slight damage - would be caused to ships berthed or anchored within the Inner Harbour. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 9 Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Victoria Harbour by a 20 Kiloton Bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 10-^20% of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause casualties among 10-/15% of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to Vital Points is described below: Shipbuilding and Repairing Yarrows Limited - Category A Serious structural building damage would be caused by blast but the probability of further damage from fire is low. It is likely that some equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 10-15% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Victoria Machinery Depot, Plant # I - Category A Very severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Little or no salvage of equipment could be expected. Approximately 15-55% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Victoria Machinery Depot, Plant # 2 - Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100% of the shift on duty would be killed. Government Graving Dock - Category A No serious damage would be caused to any of the dockyard facilities by this attack. Naval Dockyard - Esquimalt Wharves and Jetties No serious damage would be caused to the Naval jetties by this attack. Administration Slight damage would be caused to the Naval Administration Building. No structural damage would be caused to other major administration buildings. Stores Slight damage would be caused to the main Bulk Stores Building and the Chart Depot, No structural damage would be caused to other vital stores buildings. Workshops No serious damage would be caused to workshops by this attack. RCN Barracks (HMOS "Naden") No serious building damage would be caused by this attack. 000523 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la l o i sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 10 Victoria Harbour Wharves and Piers Victiria Machinery Depot Piers I and 2 would be seriously damaged by blast and fire. Other major wharves and piers would not be seriously damaged. Transit Sheds Outer Harbour - Destroyed - all transit sheds in the Outer Harbour would be destroyed. Inner Harbour - Serious damage - sheds of the Evans, Coleman and Johnson Wharf would receive severe structural blast damage and would probably be destroyed by fire. Moderate damage - would be caused to the shed on the Canadian Pacific Railway Wharf. Grain Elevators and Cold Storage Warehouse These facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. Shipbuilding and Repairing Damage to the major shipbuilding and repairing facilities is described above. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk - all ships berthed or at anchor in the Outer Harbour would be sunk or destroyed. Immobilized - all other ships berthed or anchored in the Outer Harbour or the western half of the Inner Harbour would be immobilized. Slight damage - all other ships within Victoria Harbour would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. Effeot of a Burst over Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Victoria Harbour by a 100 Kiloton Bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming casualties among 15-30% of the population tions of warning and rescue. A nighttime casualties among 15-25% of the population Point would cause depending on condiattack would cause (Tables I and II). Damage to Vital Points is described below: Shipbuilding and Repairing Yarrows Limited - Category A This building would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 25-70% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Victoria Machinery Depot, Plant # I - Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 45-90% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Victoria Machinery Depot, Plant # 2 - Category A This plant would be completely destroyed and 100% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Government Graving Dock - Category A No damage would be caused to the Dry Dock by this type of attack. 000524 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 11 Naval Dockyard - Esquimalt Wharves and Piers No serious damage would be caused to naval jetties by this attack. Administration Severe damage would be caused to the Naval Administration Building. Moderate damage would be caused to the Naval Distributing Authority. There is a probability of damage from fire in this area. Stores Severe damage would be caused to the Bulk Stores Building, the Chart Depot and Naval Stores Buildings. Moderate damage would be caused to the Heavy Gun Mounting Stores. There is a probability of further damage from fire to all buildings in this area. Workshops Severe blast damage would be caused to the Engine Supply Office, the Boiler and Plate Shops and the Torpedo Workshop. Slight damage would be caused to the Civilian Shipwright and Rigger shops. All shops in the area would probably receive further damaged from fire. RCN Barracks (HMCS "Naden") Slight structural blast damage would be caused to buildings in this area and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Victoria Harbour Wharves and Piers Victoria Machinery Depot Piers I and 2 in the Outer Harbour would be seriously damaged by this attack. The Canadian Pacific Railway Wharf in the Inner Harbour would also be seriously damaged. All other wharves and piers would not be damaged. Transit Sheds All the major sheds in the Outer and Inner Harbours would be destroyed by this attack. Grain Elevators and Cold Storage Warehouse These facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. Shipbuilding and Repairing Damage to the major shipbuilding and repairing facilities is described above. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk - all ships berthed or at anchor in the Outer Harbour would be destroyed or sunk. Immobilized - all ships in the Inner Harbour would be immobilized. Slight damage - all other slips in this area would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. 000525 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 12 - Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 3 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on the Naval Dockyard Esquimalt by a 20 Kiloton Bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 20-35% of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause casualties among 15-20% of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). Damage to Vital Points is described below: Shipbuilding and Repairing Yarrows Limited - Category A This plant would be completely destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Victoria Machinery Depot, Plant # I - Category A Slight structural damage would be caused by blast but the probability of further damage from fire is low. Most equipment could be salvaged. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Victoria Machinery Depot, Plant # 2 - Category A Moderate structural damage would be caused by blast but the probability of further damage from fire is low. Much equipment could probably be salvaged. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Government Graving Dock - Category A No damage would be caused to the Dry Dock by this type of attack. Naval Dockyard - Esquimalt Wharves and Piers All the Naval jetties would be destroyed by this attack. All Administration and Stores Buildings and Workshops would be destroyed by this attack. RCN.Barracks (HMOS "Naden") Buildings in this area would also be destroyed. Victoria Harbour No serious damage would be caused to the facilities in Victoria Harbour by this attack. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) No damage would be caused to shipping in Victoria Harbour by this attack. 000526 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'accesxt I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 13 - Effeot of a Burst over Aiming Point # 3 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on the Naval Dockyard Esquimalt by a 100 Kiloton Bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 25-60% of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause casualties among 25-45% of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to Vital Points is described below: Shipbuilding and Repairing Yarrows Limited - Category A This plant would be completely destroyed and 100% of the shift on duty would be killed. Victoria Machinery Depot, Plant # I - Category A Very severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Little salvage of equipment could be expected. Approximately 15-55% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Victoria Machinery Depot, Plant # 2 - Category A Very severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Little salvage of equipment could be expected. Approximately 15-55% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Government Graving Dock - Category A Very severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Little salvage of equipment could be expected. Approximately 15-55% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Naval Dockyard - Esquimalt All facilities in this area would be destroyed by this attack. Victoria Harbour Wharves and Piers No serious damage would be caused to wharves and piers. Transit Sheds Destroyed - the shed on the Canadian National Railway Pier A would be destroyed by this attack. Moderate damage - the sheds on Canadian National Railway Pier B and the United Grain Growers Terminal would receive moderate damage from blast and fire. Slight damage - would be caused to the sheds of Evans, Coleman and Johnson and the Puget Sound Navigation Company. Grain Elevators and Cold Storage Warehouse No serious blast damage would be caused but there is a probability of damage from fire. Shipbuilding and Repairing Damage to the major shipbuilding and repairing facilities is described above.. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) No damage would be caused to shipping in Victoria Harbour by this attack. 000527 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 14 (d) Effects on Morale It is expected that the effect on morale in large centres of population in Canada, and at least the northern parts of the United States, would be much the same whichever city is attacked by an atomic bomb. The effect will probably be somewhat proportionate to the size of the casualties inflicted by individual bombs and by the number of cities attacked. IV Air Navigation Aspects of an Attack With the equipment at present available to the Russian Long Range Air Force, Victoria would be an easy target to locate for a well trained navigator not familiar with the area. It would hot be a feasable to plan an approach in this area without radar, however, as the area is frequently shrouded in fog and cloud. Accuracy in identifying specific Aiming Points is a more critical aspect. However an attack over much of the city would cause serious damage to Vital points, harbour facilities and population, though of a lesser magnitude than described by this report. / 000528 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'infortpgtion TABLE I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES -. CITY OF VICTORIA TOP SECRET DAYTIME ATTACK 20 K i l o t o n Bomb CANADIAN EYES ONLY 100 K i l o t o n Bomb Aiming Point # I - ' C h o s e n t o Give Maxiraum Effect on P o p u l a t i o n During a Daytime A t t a c k Killed ________ Seriously Injured Light l y Injured Killed Seriou s l y Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 28,100 5,200 3,200 No Warning - No Rescue 38,500 5,200 2,600 No Warning - With Rescue 22,300 7,800 4,200 No Warning - With Resoue 29,600 9,200 4,100 With Warning - V/ith Rescue 19,300 6,200 4,300 V/ith Warning - With Rescue 26,000 7,100 4,000 Aiming P o i n t # 2_ - Chosen to Give Maximum E f f e c t on Outer Commercial Harbour a n d I n s t a l l a t i o n s No Warning - No Rescue 4,500 1,400 1,100 No Warning - No Rescue 7,900 4,700 .4,100 No Warning - With Rescue 2,500 2,100 1,400 No Warning - With Rescue 4,900 5,900 4,700 With Warning - With Rescue 2,000 1,500 1,200 V/ith Warning - V/ith Rescue 3,800 3,700 2,800 Aiming P o i n t # 3 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on Esquimalt Harbour and Graving Dock No Warning - No Rescue 9,400 5,900 5,100 No Warning - No Rescue 27,100 7,100 4,200 No Warning - With Rescue 3,600 7,700 6,100 No Warning - With Rescue 13,900 12.,400 6,400 With Warning - With Rescue 2,200 4,900 4,200 With Warning - V/ith Rescue 9,600 7,500 4,200 000529 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la l o i sur I'acces a /'information TOP SECRET TABLE I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES - CITY OF VICTORIA NIGHTTIME ATTACK 20 Kiloton Bomb CANADIAN EYES ONLY 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point •// I - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population During a Nighttime Attack Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Resoue 28,000 7,900 5,100 No Warning - No Rescue 50,600 8,900 4,900 No Warning - With Rescue 15,300 12,900 7,400 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 30,700 17,500 8,400 V/ith Warning - With Rescue 11,300 9,500 6,700 V/ith Warning - With Rescue 24,000 11,800 6,600 Aiming Point >/ 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on Outer Comraercial Harbour and I n s t a l l a t i o n s No Warning - No Rescue 5,100 2,500 1,800 No Warning - No Rescue 13,500 6,100 4,300 No Warning - With Rescue 1,800 3,500 2,300 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 6,300 8,800 5,600 With Warning - With Rescue 1,100 2,400 1,800 With Warning - With Rescue 4,300 5,500 3,500 Aiming Point if 3 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on Esquimalt Harbour and Graving Dock No Warning - No Rescue 9,600 5,300 3,800 No Warning - No Rescue 28,900 9,400 6,000 No Warning - With Rescue 4,600 7,300 4,800 No Warning - With Rescue 13,200 14,700 8,600 " 3,100 4,900 3,600 With Warning - With Rescue 9,300 9,200 5,500 With Warning - V/ith Rescue 000530 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TABIE I I - CASUALTIES AS PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION X TOP SECRET DAYTIME ATTACK / CANADIAN EYES ONLY 100 Kiloton Bomb 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Aiming P o i n t # I - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on P o p u l a t i o n During a Daytime A Attttaacckk Killed Seriously Injured No Warning - No Rescue 50 10 5 No Warning - No Rescue 65 10 5 No; Warning - With Rescue 40 15 5 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 50 15 5 V/ith Warning - With Rescue 35 10 5 V/ith Warning - V/ith Rescue 45 10 5 Aiming Point # _2 - Chosen Lightly Injured Give Max Killed Seriou sly Injured Idgitly Injured Cfact on Cuter Commercial H{ hour and I n s t a l l a t i o n s No Warning - No Rescue 10 ti ti No Warning - No Rescue 15 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 5 5 ti No Warning - V/ith Rescue 10 10 10 With Warning - With Rescue ti ti> ti With Warning - With Rescue 5 5 5 Aiming Point # 3. - Chosen t o Give Maximvim Effect on Esquimalt Harbour and d Installations No Warning - No Rescue 15 10 10 No Warning - No Rescue 45 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 5 15 10 No Warning - With Rescue 25 20 10 With Warning - With Rescue 5 10 5 With Warning - V/ith Rescue E 15 5 x Based on 58,800 within 5 miles of an Aiming P o i n t . The population of the metropolitan area i s 104,300 of the c i t y proper i s 51,300 000531 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'infortTTation TABLE n - CASUALTIES AS PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION X TOP SECRET NIGHTTIME ATTACK CANADIAN EYES ONLY 100 Kiloton Bomb 20 Kiloton Bomb time Attack Aiming Point # I - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population During a Daytime Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured No Warning - No Rescue 55 10 5 10 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 35 20 10 5 V/ith Warning - With Rescue 25 15 5 Killed Seriously Injured Li^itly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 30 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 15 15 V/ith Warning - With Rescue 15 10 Aiming Point # 2 • Chosen t o st on Outer Commercial Harbc ir and I n s t a l l a t i o n s No Warning - No Rescue 5 ti ti No Warning - No Rescue 15 5 5 No Warning - With Rescue /p 5 ti No Warning - V/ith Rescue 5 10 5 With Warning - V/ith Rescue /ftp IP /5 With Warning - V/ith Rescue 5 5 5 Aiming Point # 3 • Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on Esquimalt Harbour and Graving raving Dock No Warning - No Rescue 10 5 5 No Warning - No Rescue 30 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 5 10 5 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 15 15 10 V/ith Warning - With Rescue 5 5 5 With Warning - With Rescue 10 10 5- x Based on 89,800 within 5 miles of an Aiming P o i n t . The population of the metropolitan area i s 104,300 of the c i t y proper i s 51,300 000532 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point # I-D - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population During a Daytime Attack by a 20 Kiloton Bomb Vital Points Vital Point Cate<?ory Structural Damage by B l a s t (%) Probability of Fire Damage t o C o n t e n t s With F i r e No F i r e 0 Yarrows Limited A 0 None - Victoria Machinery Depot Plant # I A 100 High 100 75 - 100 Victoria Machinery Depot Plant # 2 A Med 100 75% App Government Graving Dock A - m» 75 - 100 0 None 000533 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point #I-D - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on P o p u l a t i o n D u r i n g a Daytime A t t a c k by a 100 K i l o t o n Bonfo Vital Points Vital Point Category Structural Damage by Blast (%) . Probability of Fire Damage to Contents With Fire No Fire Yarrows Limited A 75% App Med 75 - 100 50% App V i c t o r i a Machinery Depot P l a n t # I A 100 High 100 100 V i c t o r i a Machinery Depot P l a n t # 2 A 100 High 100 100 Government Graving Dock A 0 None _ - 000534 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a /'information TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point # I-N - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on P o p u l a t i o n During a Nighttime A t t a c k by a 20 K i l o t o n Bomb V i t a l Points V i t a l Point Categ ;ory Yarrows Limited A V i c t o r i a Machinery Depot P l a n t # I A V i c t o r i a Machinery Depot Plant # 2 Government Graving Dock Structural Damage by Blast $ ) Probability of Fire Damage t o C o n t e n t s With F i r e No F i r e None - 0 75 - 100 Med 100 75% App A 50% App Low 75 - 100 25-50 A 0 None 0 M a. 000535 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming P o i n t # I-N - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on P o p u l a t i o n During a Nighttime A t t a c k by a 100 K i l o t o n Bomb V i t a l Points V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage by B l a s t (%) Probability of Fire Damage t o Contents With F i r e No F i r e Yarrows Limited A 0 Ix>w 25-50 V i c t o r i a Machinery Depot P l a n t # I A 100 High 100 75 - 100 V i c t o r i a Machinery Depot P l a n t # 2 A 75 - 100 Med 100 75 - 100 Government Graving Dock A 0 None wm 0 _ 000536 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE TTT - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS 4 TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on V i c t o r i a Harbour by a 20 K i l o t o n Bomb V i t a l Points Vital Point Categ o r y Structural Damage by B l a s t (fo) Probability of Fire Damage t o Cci n t e n t s With F i r e No F i r e Yarrows Limited A 50-75 Low 75 - 100 50% App V i c t o r i a Machinery Depot P l a n t # I A 75 - 100 Med 100 75% App V i c t o r i a Machinery Depot P l a n t # 2 A 100 High 100 Government Graving Dock A 0 None mm 100 - 000537 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE IIT - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET x CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on V i c t o r i a Harbour by a 100 K i l o t o n Bomb Vital Points V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage by B l a s t (%) Probability of Fire Damage to Contents With Fire No Fire Yarrows Limited A 100 Med 100 75 - 100 V i c t o r i a Machinery Depot P l a n t # I A 100 High 100 100 V i c t o r i a Machinery Depot P l a n t # 2 A 100 High 100 100 Government Graving Dock A 0 None 000538 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point # 5 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Naval Dockyard Esquimalt by a 20 Kiloton Bomb Vital Points Vital Point Categ ory Structural Damage by B l a s t (%) Probability of Fire Damage t o Contents With F i r e No F i r e 100 Yarrows Limited A 100 High 100 Victoria Machinery Depot Plant # I A £25% Low 50 - 75 0-25 Victoria Machinery Depot Plant # 2 A 25-50 Low 50 - 75 25% App Government Graving Dock A 0 None <M <w» 000539 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point # 3 - Chosen to Give Maximvim Effect on Naval Dockyard Esquimalt by a 100 Kiloton Bomb Vital Points Vital Point Categ ory Structural Damage by Blast $ ) Probability of Fire Danage to Contents With Fire No Fire High 100 100 75 - 100 Med 100 75% App A 75 - 100 Med 100 75 - 100 A 0 Yarrows Limited A Victoria Machinery Depot Plant # I A Victoria Machinery Depot Plant # 2 Government Graving Dock 100 None - - 000540 �V 1 Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information , TOP SLCRLT f • i i CANADIAN MM» ONLY JJEEHDIX "A" - STUDY OF CITY OF VICTORIA For the City of Victoria the list of Vital Points as determined by the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital Points is as follows: Category "A" Naval Dockyard, Esquimalt Yarrows Limited Victoria Machinery Depot Company Limited Government Graving Dock, Esquimalt The categories determined by the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital Points are designed for sabotage studies. They have been adapted for the present study by raising those points which are important to the joint Canadian U.S. war effort from Category "A" to a superior Category "AA", and by restating the significance of the categories. The categories used are as follows: Category "AA" Individual plants or buildings of sufficient importance to the North American war effort to be considered possible atomic bomb targets, irrespective of any effects of an A-bomb attack on the target on other vital points. Additional effects will, however, play a part in determining the relative importance of Category "AA" targets and they have, therefore, been studied and reported. Category "A" Individual plants or buildings not of sufficient importance to the North American war effort to be considered A-bomb targets by themselves, but which may become A-bomb targets if the other effects of the explosion of a bomb over the target would produce a sufficient cumulative effect on population and other vital points. Category "B" Important points to be considered in conjunction with attacks on Category "AA" and Category "A" targets. Category "C" Minor points to be considered in conjunction with attacks on Category "AA" and Category "A" targets. 000541 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CDIM02663 Title A name given to the resource Report, "Atomic Vulnerability Study of Canada: City of Victoria" Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 10/8/1953 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Nuclear Vulnerability Study, RG25, Vol. 4563, File 50041-A-40, Part 2, LAC. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Department of External Affairs Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Canadian Crown Subject The topic of the resource Early Cold War, Atomic Vulnerability Description An account of the resource Atomic Vulnerability Study Panel, Ottawa Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Canada Declassified Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource en https://declassified.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/0887c9c667c6988044d55bbd31447588.pdf eed2f26a546dc1b173349bd60d550dd6 PDF Text Text Document disctarfAt)in4^MM^£s s to 'information Act Document divulgtw un rn.Uu dt lu IBftur I'acces a I'information x\ i JIETS 200-2113-2 \J OTTAHA, Ontario, 'j) 31 August, 1953. ^ H? \ £>£>Q Xl"*ft-<lO fl & Chairman, Vulnerability Study Panel, Civil Defence Co-Ordinator, ,'v>••*,•*..... ..-,. 1 site, G. P. de T. Glasebrook, yCXx'liK'--?'tv J Dr. E. B. Hassey, * -, , c 4 .i'V '.->v ?e> f» Dr. W. James* -, -^ l X PORT ON THE CITY OF HONTREAL ^ SEE* 1 Tiro® At the 13th Meeting of the Panel it was agreed t h a ^ Qa studies were completed they should be distributed to Individual members of the Panel for review arid comment, and for return to -the Secretary, I I enclose a copy of the City of Montreal. / . - Uriginai aigawL by I. Bowen J (I. Bowen) Director, Joint Intelligence Bureau* Encl. 000542 / � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CDIM02662 Title A name given to the resource Memorandum, I. Bowen as Director of Joint Intelligence Bureau, "Report on the City of Montreal" Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 8/31/1953 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Nuclear Vulnerability Study, RG25, Vol. 4563, File 50041-A-40, Part 2, LAC. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Department of External Affairs Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Canadian Crown Subject The topic of the resource Early Cold War, Atomic Vulnerability Description An account of the resource Joint Intelligence Bureau, Ottawa Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Canada Declassified Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource en https://declassified.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/1b6a06d2fccc4d81b8edd3b8b0d1eb7c.pdf 0398d28de788a32fed0ae8f0e6ceb423 PDF Text Text Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act [ * i .'}. > \•. I T A ? ? :" ,' ^" n " &~\ ...Document divulgue en vertu verti de la loi sur I'acces a/'information e.Sacument JIBTS 200-2113-2 TOP SECRET CA.NADIAN EYES ONLY ATOMIC VULNERABILITY STUDY OF CANADA THE CITY OF MONTREAL I ^JtXXZM' Oj? Object of t h e Study This is one of a series of reports 'on.maj©£ Canad^ cities and targets which provide the basic information OIJ/ enemy capabilities to cause damage to persons a m to Vital Points by atomic attack* This study is not concerned with the probability that sudh an enemy attack will be made. II Definitions of Terms lised •'•!• .•••••..••—•—I. — IM i ^ll-.-1-.ll.ttl |. iH^lMli-l Ground Zero - The £oint On the ground directly under the point of burst in the air Aiming Point. «• The point on the ground directly under the point where the boiilb is aimed to be burst in the air No Rescue - No organized and trained rescue is carried out, which means effectively that only people who are not trapped or who can escape by their own efforts survive Seriously Injured - Hospitalized persons who would not report to work for a considerable period of time Lightly Injured - First Aid cases who would be able to contribute to their work a few days after the attack Nighttime - The time during which people are in their normal places of residence Daytime - The time during which people are at their normal places of work III Sources of Basic Information (a) Population Information on the daytime distribution of population was obtained from the Civil Defence Director of the City of Montreal. Information on the nighttime distribution of population is based on a redistribution of the 1951 census returns in greater detail to show the population of individual city blocks. This is considered for the purpose of this study a sufficiently good approximation to the nighttime distribution of population. 000543 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - (b) 2 - Militar y Establishments The military establishments important to the national war effort were chosen by the Joint Planning Committee. The Establishment in the Montreal area is listed in Appendix "A". (c) Vital Points Information on other Vital Points was taken from the 1953 List of Vital Points j which is the 'vJokf of the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital Points. The list for the Montreal area is given in Appendix WA". (d) Scientific Data Basic data on the effects of atomic bomb explosions on people and structures was prepared by the Defence Research Board (Scientific Adviser to the Civil Defence Co-ordinator). IV Factors Considered in Selecting Aiming Points for Study The effects of an attack on a city vary widely with the location of the bomb burst. As it is not considered practicable to study all possible points of burst, a series of Aiming Points have been selected which are calculated to give the maximvim effect on population and on different groupings of Vital Points. The effects of an attack vary widely with the energy released by the bomb. As it is not possible to estimate the energy level of the bomb most likely to be used, separate estimates were made for a bomb with the lowest probable energy and the highest probable energy level. The effects on people also vary widely with circumstances of warning and rescue. A series of estimates were therefore made for different conditions of warning and rescue. The estimates made for conditions WITH RESCUE are for ideal rescue conditions with organized and trained rescue teams, in temperate climates and when the atomic attack is unsupported by other weapons. In spite of rescue efforts casualties would tend towards those given for NO RESCUE under severe winter conditions, or if Chemical Warfare attack were combined with atomic attack or if the spread of fire were extensive. Conditions of visibility would also alter the effect of an attack. Poor visibility would reduce the extent of fire and the number of radiation casualties and would have some effect on the chances of pinpointing the target from the air. All calculations are based on an average clear day over a city with a visibility of about six miles. For the city of Montreal Aiming Points were chosen to give the maximum effect on the daytime and on the nighttime distribution of population. A total of nine other Aiming Points were also chosen to give the maximum effect on different groupings of Vital Points. 000544 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 3 ~ Results of the Study of the City of Montreal A daytime attack on this city by a 20 Kiloton bomb could result in casualties among 25-30$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue; and 35-60$ if a 100 Kiloton bomb were used; and would cause some damage to Vital Points. A daytime attack on the various groupings of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb would result in casualties among /p~20fo of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue and on the location of the Aiming Point being considered; and cause considerable damage to the particular grouping of Vital points. An attack by a 100 Kiloton bomb would result in casualties among /p-35fo Of the population^ and cause more widespread destruction to Vital Points; A nighttime attack on this city by a 20 Kiloton bomb could result in casualties among 15-30$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue; and 30-50$ if a 100 Kiloton bomb were used; and would cause some damage to Vital Points. A nighttime attack on the various groupings of Vital Points would result in casualties among J/5-15$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue, and on the location of the Aiming Point being considered; and cause damage to the particular grouping of Vital Points. An attack by a 100 Kiloton bomb would result in casualties among ^5-30$ of the population, and cause more widespread destruction to Vital Points. (a) Effects on Population The effect of an attack on the daytime and nighttime population is given in Tables I and II for each Aiming Point and for different conditions of warning and rescue. (b) Effects on Vital Points A summary of the effect on Vital Points is given in Table I H for each Aiming Point. The extent of damage to Vital Points and the effect on their various functions is also described below for each of the Aiming Points. The relative importance of each Vital Point to the Canadian U.S. war effort is indicated by the category (AA, A, B or C ) , which is given for each Vital Point in Appendix "AM. A Definition of each of the categories is also given in Appendix MA". �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 4 (c) Detailed; Discussion of an Attack on Each of the Aiming Points Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # I-D - Chosen to give maximum effect on population during a daytime attack by a 20 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 25-30$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: Railroad and Rolling Stock Equipment Canadian Pacific Railway Co, Angus Shops - Category A Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability Of further damage to shops and equipment from fire. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Aviation Electric Limited - Category B No serious damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of damage from fire. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty.would be killed or seriously injured. Sheet Metal Products American Can Company - Category C No serious damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of damage from fire. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Communications - Telephonic Bell Telephone Company, Main Exchange - Category A No serious damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of damage from fire. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Gas Storage Holders Quebec Hydro Electric Commission, Hochelaga Gas Holder Category A Gas holders and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Port of Montreal Damage to the facilities of the port of Montreal by this attack would be slight. Damage to the most important facilities only are discussed below: Wharves and Piers No serious damage would be caused to wharves and piers by this attack. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP .SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 5Transit Sheds In general no damage other than superficial would be caused to transit sheds by this attack. However, slight structural damage would be caused to sheds on Sections 26, 27 and 28 by blast, and there is a slight probability of further damage from fire. Coal and Oil Bunkering No serious damage would be caused to coal and oil jetties or bunkering facilities. Shipbuilding and Repairing No structural damage would be caused to the Dry Docks by an air attack. Damage to the Shipbuilding and Repairing firms is described above in this report. Grain Elevators and Cold Storage Warehouse No structural damage would be caused to the Grain Elevators or the National Harbour Board Cold Storage W&rehousei Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) There would be no damage to shipping by this attack. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point ft I-D - Chosen to give maximvim effect on population during a daytime attack by a 100 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on t h i s Aiming Point would cause c a s u a l t i e s among 35-60$ of the popvilation depending on cond i t i o n s of warning and rescue (Tables I and I I ) , Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below; White Metal Alloys Mount Royal Metal Company - Category B No serious damage would be caused but there is a slight possibility that a serious fire might occur. Approximately 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. The Canada Metal Company - Category B No serious blast damage would be caused but there is a low possibility that a serious fire might occur. No casualties would occur among the shift on duty. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Bristol Aero Engines Limited (Eastern) - Category A Moderate s t r u c t u r a l damage would be caused by b l a s t but t h e p r o b a b i l i t y of f i r e damage i s low. Approximately 10-15$ of the s h i f t on duty would be k i l l e d or s e r i o u s ly injured. 000547 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 6 J.Wi Lawrence (Canada) Limited - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast hnd the probability of fire is low. Approximately 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Aviation Electric Limited - Category B Little or no structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of damage from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Arsenals and Munitions Sorel Industries Limited, Longueuil Division - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Electronic and Communications Equipment Canadian Marconi - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Railroad and Rolling Stock Equipment Canadian Pacific Railway Co, Angus Shops - Category A Moderate structural building damage would be caused by blast. The probability of further damage from fire is low. Approximately 25-60$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Canadian Car and Foundry Co, Longue Points - Category A Slight structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Damage to equipment would likely be low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Montreal Locomotive Works - Category C No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Canadian National Railway Co, Points St. Charles - Category fi Slight structural building damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Damage to equipment would likely be low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Sheet Metal Products American Can Company - Category C Slight structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of serious fire damage to building and contents. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Boilers, Tanks and Plate Works Warden King Limited - Category C No structural damage would be caused by blsst and the probability of damage from fire is low. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 7 Wire and Wire Goods The Steel Company of Canada Ltd, Lachine - Category C No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Approximately 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Shipbuilding and Repairing Canadian Vickers Limited - Category A Slight structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Communications - Telephonic Bell Telephone Company, Main Exchange - Category A Moderate structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of serious fire damage to building and equipment. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Gas Storage Holders Quebec Hydro Electric Commission, Hochelage Gas Holders Category A Gas holders and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Hydro-Electric Power Shawinigan Water and Power Company, Main Electric Power Receiving Station - Category A Slight structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of damage to building and equipment from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Port of Montreal Very little serious damage would be caused to the port by this attack. Damage to only the most im-. portant facilities is described below: Wharves and Piers No serious damage would be caused to wharves and piers by this attack. Transit Sheds Serious structural damage would be caused by blast to sheds # 26, 27, 27A and 29 but the probability of further damage from fire is low. Moderate damage would be caused to the Tarte pier sheds #• 44, 45, 46 and 47. Slight structural damage would be caused to shed # 2 5 . Coal and Oil Bunkering No serious damage would be caused to coal and oil jetties or bunkering facilities. Shipbuilding and Repairing No structural damage would be caused to the Dry Docks by an air attack. Damage to the Shipbuilding and Repairing firms is described above in this report. 000549 �. Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information 1 TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 8 - . Grain Elevators and Cold Storage Warehouse No serious damage would be caused to the grain elevators. Slight structural damage would be caused to the Cold Storage Warehouse by blast but the probability of fire is low. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk and Immobilized - ho ships would be sunk or immobilized by this attack. Slight damage ~ ships berthed or at anchor between Jacques Cartier Pier and Laurier Pier would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # I-N - Chosen to give maximum effect on population by a 20 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming point would cause casualties among 15-30$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and il). Damage to those Vital Points whi6h lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: Railroad and Rolling Stock Equipment Canadian Pacific Railway Co, Angus Shops - Category A No structural building damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire damage is low. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Hydro Electric Power Shawinigan Water and Power Company, Main Electric Power Receiving Station - Category A No structural building damage would be caused by blast but there is a low probability of damage to equipment from fire. No casualties.would occur among shift on duty. Port of Montreal No serious damage would be caused to the port facilities of Montreal by this attack. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # I-N - Chosen to give maximvim effect on population by a 100 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 30-50$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: 000550 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 9 White Metal Alloys Mount Royal Metal Company - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of serious damage from fire. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Bristol Aero Engines Limited (Eastern) - Category A Slight structural damage would be caused by blast but the probability of further damage to building and contents from fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. J.W. Lawrence (Canada) Limited - Category B Slight structural damage wculd be caused by blast but the probability of further damage to building and contents from fire is, low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Aviation Electric Limited - Category B No structural building damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of damage from fire. No casualties would occur among shift on duty. Railroad and Rolling Stock Equipment Canadian Pacific Railway Co, Angus Shops - Category A Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of serious fire damage is high. Approximately 25-60$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Canadian Car and Foundry Co, Longue Points - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of serious damage from fire. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Montreal Locomotive Works - Category C No structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of serious damage from fire. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Sheet Metal Products American Can Company - Category 0 Slight structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of damage to building and contents from fire. Approximately 5$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Boilers, Tanks and Plate Works Warden King Limited - Category C Slight structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of damage from fire. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information I TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 10 Shipbuilding and Repairing Canadian Vickers Limited - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift oh duty would be seriously injured. pommunicatioh^ -» Telephonic Bell Telephone Company, Main Exchange - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low; Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured, daa Storage Holders Quebec Hydro Electric Power Commission, Beaumont Gas Holder Station - Category A Gas holders and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Military Establishments Central Ordnance Depot - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire damage is low. No casualties would occur among shift on duty. Port of Montreal Damage to the facilities of the Port of Montreal by this attack would be slight. Transit Sheds Serious damage would be caused to the shed on Bickerdike Pier by bla.lt but the probability of further damage from fire is low. Slight damage would be caused to shed § 25 by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. There is a probability of damage from fire to sheds # 26, 27, 27A and 28. No serious damage would occur to any other important port facilities. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # I - Chosen to give maximum effect on one grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb J A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among approximately 5$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause casualties among /5$ of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: 000552 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 11 Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Canadian Car and Foundry Co, St. Laurent - Category A Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage to building and equipment from fire. Approximately 15-55$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Sir George Godfrey and Partners Limited - Category B Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage to building and equipment from fire. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or Seriously injured. Wire and Wire Goods The Steel Company of Canada Limited - Category C This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Industrial Machinery Dominion Engineering Works - Category A Very severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of darnsge from fire. Approximately 30-70$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Bridge and Structural Steel Dominion Bridge Company Limited, Lachine - Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Shipbuilding and Repairing Peacock Brothers - Category A Moderate structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Port of Montreal No serious damage would be caused to the port facilities of Montreal by this Attack. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) No damage would be caused to shipping by this attack. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # I - Chosen to give maximvim effect on one grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among /lOfo of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue, A nighttime attack would cause casualties among ^10$ of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: 000553 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 12 Industrial Machinery Dominion Engineering Works, Lachine - Category A This plant would be destroyed by'blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft .Pdrts, Canadian Car and Foundry Co, St. Laurent - Category A This plant would tie destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 45-90$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Sir George Godfrey and Partners Limited - Category B This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 25-30$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Railroad and Rolling Stock Equipment Canadian Car and Foundry Co Limited, Points St. Charles Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Wire and Wire Goods The Steel Company of Canada Limited - Category C This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Bridge and Structural Steel Dominion Bridge Company Limited, Lachine - Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Shipbuilding and Repairing Peacock. Brothers - Category A Very severe damage would be caused to building and equipment by blast and there is a probability of fire. Approximately 25-60$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Hydro Electric Power Transmission Line River Crossing, Quebec Hydro Electric Power Commission, Beauharnois Station-Island of Montreal Category A The river crossing would be destroyed. Port of Montreal No serious damage would be caused to the port facilities of Montreal by this attack. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) No damage would be caused to shipping by this attack. 000554 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 13 ~ Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a second grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among ^5$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause casualties among /5$ of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: Industrial .Machinery Dominion Engineering Works ^ Category A Severe struct viral damage would be caused by blast but the probability of further damage to building or equipment is low. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Sir George Godfrey and Partners Limited - Category B Slight structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of further damage to building and contents from fire. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Railroad and Rolling Stock Equipment Canadian Car and Foundry Co, Ville St. Pierre - Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. Wire and Wire Goods Steel Company of Canada Limited, Lachine - Category C Slight structural building damage would be caused by blast but the probability of further damage from fire is low. It is likely that much equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Bridge and Structural Steel Dominion Bridge Company Limited, Lachine - Category A Slight structural building damage would be caused by blast but the probability of further damage from fire is low. It is likely that much equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Shipbuilding and Repairing Peacock Brothers - Category A Buildings and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000555 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 14 Port of Montreal No serious damage would be caused to the port facilities of Montreal by this attack. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) No damage would be caused to shipping by this attack. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen to giv6 maximum effect on a second grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among approximately 10$ of the population depending On conditions of w:rning and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause casualties among approximately 10$ of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: Basio Iron and Steel Canadian Tube and Steel Products (Rolling Facilities) Category A Slight structural building damage would be caused by blast but the probability of damage from fire is low. It is likely that most equipment could be slavaged. Approximately 5-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Industrial Machinery Dominion Engineering Works, Lachine - Category A Building and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 15-30$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Sir George Godfrey and Partners Limited - Category B Severe structural building damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire damage is high. It is likely that raost equipment would be destroyed. Approximately 25-60$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Railroad and Rolling Stock Equipment Canadian Car and Foundry Co, Ville St. Pierre - Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Canadian Car and Foundry Co, Cote St. Paul - Category A Serious structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability that fire would occur. Some equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000556 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 15 Sheet Metal Products Continental Can Company Limited - Category C No structural blast damage would be caused and the probability of fire is low. No casualties would occur among shift on duty. Wire and Wire Goods The Steel Company of Canada Limited, Lachine - Category C Severe structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of damage from fire. Equipment damage would be high. Approximately 25-60$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Bridge and Structural Steel Dominion Bridge Compahy Limited, Lachine - Category A Building and equipment would be almost destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 25-60$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Hydro Electric Power Transmission Line River Crossing, Quebec Hydro Electric Power Commission, Beauharnois Station-Isiand of Montreal Category A The river crossing would be destroyed by this attack. Gas Storage Holders Quebec Hydro Electric Power Commission, LaSalle Gas Holder Station - Category A Gas holders and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Port of Montreal No serious damage would be caused to the port facilities Of Montreal by this attack. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) No damage would be caused to shipping by this attack. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 3 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a third grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among approximately 10$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause casualties among approximately 10$ of the population ( Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below; 000557 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a /'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 16 Basic Iron and Steel Canadian Tube and Steel Products (Rolling Facilities) Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of the shift on dutytoouldbe killed or seriously, injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Canadian Car and Foundry Co, St. Laurent - Category A Slight structural building dsm.-ge would be caused by blast and the probability of further damage from fire is low. Damage to contents and equipment v/ould probably be slight. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. J.W. Lawrence (Canada) Limited - Category B No structural blast damage would be caused and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Casting Iron Crane Limited - Category C Moderate structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage to building and contents from fire.. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Electronic and Communications Equipment RCA Victor Company Limited - Category A Slight structural building damrge would be caused by blast and there is a probability of damage from fire. It is likely that some equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Railroad and Rolling Stock Equipment Canadian Car and Foundry Co, Cote St. Paul - Category A This plant and equipment would be completely destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Gas Storage Holders Quebec Hydro Electric Power Commission, LaSalle Gas Holder Station - Category A Gas holders and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Port of Montreal No serious damage would be caused to the port facilities of Montreal by this attack. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) No damage would be caused to shipping by this attack. 000558 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 17 «Effect of a,Burst over Aiming Point # 3 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a third grouping of Vital Points by "a 100 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties araong 10-20$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue, A nighttime attack would cause casualties among ^15-25$ of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the " radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: Basic Iron and Steel Steel Company of Canada, Notre Dame Works - Category A Slight structural building damage ..vould be csiised by blast and the probability of fire is low. Most equipment could probably be salvaged. Approximately 5$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Canadian Tube and Steel Products (Rolling Facilities) Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Canadian Car and Foundry Co, St. Laurent - Category A Very severe structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of damage from fire. Some equipment could probably be salvaged. Approximately 15-55$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. J.W, Lawrence (Canada) Limited - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability that buildings and contents would be damaged by fire. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Electronic and Communications Equipment RCA Victor Company Limited - Category A Buildings and equipment would be almost totally destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 15-30$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Canadian Marconi - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Railroad and Rolling Stock Equipment Canadian Car and Foundry Co, Cote St. Paul - Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000559 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 18 Canadian National Railway Co, Pointe St. Charles - Category C No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Shipbuilding and Repairing Peacock Brothers - Category A Slight structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. It is likely that some equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Casting Iron Crane Limited - Category C This plant would be almost destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 15-30$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Gas Storage Holders Quebec Hydro Eoectric Power Commission, LaSalle Gas Holder Station - Category A Gas holders and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Port of Montreal No serious damage would be caused to the port facilities of Montreal by this attack. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) No damage would be caused to shipping by this attack. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 4 - Chosen to give maximvim effect on a fourth grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb A casualties ditions of casualties daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause among ^15-/20$ of the population depending on conwarning and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause among 10-15$ of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: Basic Iron and Steel Steel Company of Canada, Notre Dame Works - Category A This plant vrould be totally destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. 000560 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 19 - Casting Iron Crane Limited - Category C Severe structural building damage would be caused by blast and the probability of further damage from fire is high. Little or no salvage of equipment could be expected. Approximately 65-70$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts J.W. Lawrence (Canada) Limited - Category B Severe structural building damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is high. Little or no salvage of equipment could be expected. Approximately 30-65$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Aviation Electric Limited - Category B No structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability that severe fire might occur. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. White Metal Alloys Mount Royal Metal Company - Category B Moderate structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability that severe fire might occur. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Electronic and Communications Equipment RCA Victor Company Limited - Category A Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is high. Little or no salvage of equipment could be expected. Approximately 60-70$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Railroad and Rolling Stock Equipment Canadian Car and Foundry Co, Cote St. Paul - Category A No structural blast damage would occur and the probability of fire is low. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Canadian National Railway Co, Pointe St. Charles - Category C Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Some equipment could probably be salvaged. Approximately 10-15$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Communications - Telephonic Bell Telephone Company, Main Exchange - Category A No structural blast damage would occur and the probability of fire is low. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000561 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 20 Port of Montreal Very slight of the Port Transit Sheds Very severe the shed on probability damage would be caused to the facilities of Montreal by this attack. structural damage would be caused to Bickerdike Pier from blast but the of further damage from fire is low. No serious damage would occur to any other important port facilities. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) No damage would be caused to shipping by this attack. Bffeot of a Burst over Aiming Point # 4 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a fourth grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 20-35$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause casualties among 20-25$ of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: Basic Iron and Steel Steel Company of Canada, Notre Dame Works - Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. Canadian Tube and Steel Products - Category A Severe structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of damage from fire. Some salvage of equipment could be expected. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. White Metal Alloys Mount Royal Metal Company - Category B Building and equipment would be almost completely destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 25-60$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Casting Iron Crane Limited - Category C This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts J.W. Lawrence (Canada) Limited - Category B Very severe structural building damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is high. Little or no salvage of equipment could be expected. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000562 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 21 Aviation Electric Limited - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability that damage would be caused from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Electronic and Communications Equipment RCA Victor Company Limited - Category A This plant would be destroyed by b l a s t and f i r e . Approximately 80-90$ of the shift on duty would be k i l l e d or seriously injured. Canadian Marconi - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability that damage would be caused from fire. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Railroad and Rolling Stock Equipment Canadian Car and Foundry Company, Ville St. Pierre Category A No structural damage Would be caused by blast but there is a probability that damage would be caused from fire. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Canadian National Railway, Pointe St. Charles - Category C Buildings and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 25-60$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Communications - Telephonic Bell Telephone Company, Main Exchange - Category A Slight structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Port of Montreal Slight damage would be caused to the facilities of the Port of Montreal by this attack. Transit Sh6ds Destroyed - the shed on Bickerdike Pier would be destroyed by blast and fire. There is a probability of fire damage to all sheds between and including shed # 2 (Section 13) and shed # 19 on Victoria Pier. No other damage would occur to any other important port facilities. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) No ships would be sunk or iirimobilized. Ships berthed or anchored at the Bickerdike Pier would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information i T TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 22 Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 5 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a fifth grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among approximately 10$ of the population depending of conditions of warning and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause casualties among 10$ of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: Military Establishments Central Ordnance Depot - Category A Slight structural building damage wohld be caused by blast but the probability of fire damage to building and contents is high. Approximately 15-25$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Canadian Pratt and Whitney Aircraft, Longueuil - Category A No structural blast damage would occur and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5$ of ths shift on duty would be seriously injured. Bristol Aero Engines (Eastern) Limited - Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. White Metal Alloys The Canada Metal Company Limited - Category B This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would • be killed or seriously injured. Railroad and Rolling Stock Equipment Canadian Pacific Railway Co, Angus Shops - Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. . Canadian Car and Foundry Co, Longue Pointe - Category A This plant would be destroyed by b l a s t and f i r e . Approximately 60-70$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Montreal Locomotive Works - Category C This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. Sheet Metal Products American Can Company - Category C Slight structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of damage from fire. It is likely that some equipment could be salvaged. 000564 �^ Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la l o i sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 23 Boilers, Tanks and Plate Works Warden King Limited - Category C Severe structural building damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed Or seriously injured. Hydro Electric Power Main Electric Power Receiving Station, Shawinigan Water and Power Company - Category A No structural building damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of damage from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Port of Montreal Very slight damage would be caused to the facilities of the Port of Montreal by this attack. Transit Sheds Very slight damage would be caused to the sheds on Tarte Pier (sheds # 45, 46 and 47) by blast but the probability of further damage from fire is low. No serious damage would occur to any other important port facilities. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk - no ships would be sunk or destroyed by this attack. Immobilized - it is not likely that any ships would be immobilized by this attack. Slight damage - ships berthed or anchored between Sutherland Pier and Vulcan Wharf would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point § 5 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a fifth grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb A casualties ditions of casualties daytime attack on this Aiming Point W D U H cause among 10-^20$ of the population depending on conwarning and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause among 10-/15$ of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: Non-Ferrous Metal Smelting and Refining Canadian Copper Refineries, Montreal East - Category A No structural building damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. No casualties would occur among shift on duty. 000565 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information- TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 24 White Metal Alloys The Canada Metal Company Limited - Category B fchis plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. Military Establishments Central Ordnance Depot - Category A Very severe structural building damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is high. No salvage of contents could be expected. Approximately 45-65$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Bristol Aero Engines Limited (Eastern) - Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift in duty would be killed or seriously injured. Aviation Electric Limited - Category B No structural building damage would be caused by blast and th6 probability of fire is low. No casualties would occur among shift on duty. Canadian Pratt and Whitney Aircraft, Longueuil - Category A Slight structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of damage from fire. It is probable that some equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 5$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Arsenals and Munitions Plants Sorel Industries Limited - Category A Moderate structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Railroad and Rolling Stock Equipment Canadian Pacific Railway Co, Angus Shops - Category A Moderate structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of damage from fire. It is likely that some equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Canadian Car and Foundry Co, Longue Pointe - Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 80-85$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Montreal Locomotive Works - Category A This plant would be destroyed and 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a /'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 25 Sheet Metal Products American Can Company - Category C Very severe structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is high. Approximately 15-30$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Boilers, Tanks and Plate Works Warden King Limited - Category C Buildings and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 25-60$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Petroleum Facilities Portland-Montreal Pipeline Terminal - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. No casualties would be expected among shift on duty. Hydro,Electric Power Main Electric Power Receiving Station, Shawinigan Water and Power Cbmpany4 - Category A Slight strubtural building damage would be caused by blast but the probability Of fire is high. Approximately 10-15$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Shipbuilding and Repairing Canadian Vickers Limited - Category A Moderate structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 15-60$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Port of Montreal Slight damage would be caused to the facilities of the Port of Montreal by this attack. Transit Sheds Severe structural damage would be caused by blast to sheds # 44, 45, 46 and 47 on the Tarte Pier and there is a probability of further damage from fire. No serious damage would occur to any other important port facilities. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk - no ships would be sunk or destroyed by this attack. Immobilized - ships anchored between the Vickers Dry Dock and Dominion Park and to mid channel would be iramobilized Slight damage - ships berthed or anchored north of Laurier Pier would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYE:3 ONLY - 26 - Effeot of a Burst over Aiming Point # 6 - Chosen to give maximvim effect on a sixth grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among /15~/20$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause casualties among 10-15$ of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: Military Establishments Central Ordnance Depot - Category A No structural building damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. White Metal Alloys The Canada Metal Company Limited - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability that building and equipment would be damaged by fire. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Canadian Pratt and Whitney Aircraft - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Bristol Aero Engines (Eastern) - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Arsenals and Munitions Sorel Industries Limited - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Railroad and Rolling Stock Equipment Canadian Pacific Railway Co, Angus Shops - Category A Very severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of fire. Approximately 30-65$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Montreal Locomotive Works - Category C Slight structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of damage from fire. It is likely that some equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000568 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 27 Canadian Car and Foundry Co, Longue Pointe - Category A Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. It is likely that some equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty woxild be killed or seriously injured. Sheet Metal Products American Can Company - Category C This plant would be destroyed and 100$ of the shift on duty killed. Boilers, Tanks and Plate works Warden King Limited - Category C This plant would be destroyed and 100$ of the shift on duty killed. Shipbuilding and Repairing Canadian Vickers Limited - Category A Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from f l e . It is likely that some equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Gas Storage Holders Quebec Hydro Electric Power Commission, Hochelage Gas Holder - Category A Gas holders and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Hydro Electric Power Main Electric Povier Receiving Station, Shawinigan Water and Power Company - Category A This plant and equipment would be destroyed. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Port of Montreal Slight structural damage would be caused to the facilities of the Port of Montreal by this attack. Transit Sheds Severe structural blast damage would be caused to sheds # 44, 45, 46 and 47 on Tarte Pier and there is a probability of further damage from fire. No serious damage would occur to any other important port facilities. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) No ships would be sunk or immobilized by this attack. Slight damage - ships berthed or anchored between Laurier Pier and Vickers Limited would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. 000569 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a /'information TOP SECRET • CANADIAN EYES ONLY — 28 — Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 6 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a sixth grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 20-35$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause casualties among 20-30$ of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: White Metal Alloys The Canada Metal Company Limited - Category B Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability that serious fire would occur. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Bristol Aero Engines (Eastern) - Category A Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability that serious fire would occur. Approximately 15-60$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Canadian Pratt and Whitney Aircraft, Longueuil - Category A Slight structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. It is likely that some equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 5$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. J.W. Lawrence (Canada) Limited - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast but _ there is a probability that building and equipment would be damaged by fire. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Aviation Electric Limited - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability that building and equipment would be damaged by fire. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Arsenals and Munitions Sorel Industries Limited - Category A Slight structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Military Establishments Central Ordnance Depot - Category A No serious building damage would occur but there is a probability of damage from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000570 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 29 Railroad and Rolling Stock Equipment Canadian Car and Foundry Co, Longue Pointe - Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 15-30$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Canadian Pacific Railway Co, Angus Shops - Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 65-90$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured Montreal Locomotive Works - Category C Very severe, structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 15-30$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Boilers, Tanks and Plate Works Warden King Limited - Category C This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-3.00$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Shipbuilding and Repairing Canadian Vickers Limited - Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 15-30$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Communications - Telephonic Bell Telephone Company, Main Exchange - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. No casualties would occur among shift on duty. Gas Storage Holders Quebec Hydro Electric Commission, Hochelage Gas Holder Category A Gas holders and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Petroleum Facilities Shell Oil Refinery - Category A (a) Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. (b) Refining facilities would not be seriously damaged by blast and there is a probability of damage from fire. Hydro Electric Power Main Electric Power Receiving Station, Shawinigan Water and Power Company - Category A This plant would be totally destroyed. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Port of Montreal Slight damage would be caused to the facilities of the Port of Montreal by this attack. Transit Sheds Destroyed - sheds # 44, 45, 46 and 47 on the Tarte Pier would be destroyed by this attack. Moderate damage - would be caused to sheds # 26, 27, 27A and 29 and the shed on Bickerdike Pier by blast and fire. There is a probability of damage to sheds # 16, 17, 18 and 19 on Victoria Pier from fire. 000571 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgu£ en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP flECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 30 No serious damage'would occur to any other important port facilities. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk - no ships would be sunk by this attack. Immobilized - ships berthed or anchored between Laurier Pier and Sutherland Pier would be immobilized. Slight damage - ships berthed or anchored north of Jacques Cartier Bridge to the Vickers Limited Dry Dock would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. Effeot of a Burst over Aiming Point § 7 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a seventh grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among ^10-/20$ of the population depending on con-1 ditions of warning and rescue, A nighttime attack would cause casualties among /10-/l5fo of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: Military Establishments Central Ordnance Depot - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. White Metal Alloys The Canada Metal Company Limited - Category B Slight structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Bristol Aero Engines Limited (Eastern) - Category A Slight structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Canadian Pratt and Whitney Aircraft, Longueuil - Category A Buildings and equipment would be almost completely destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 60-70$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Arsenals and Munitions Sorel Industries Limited - Category A Very severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 30-65$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000572 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 31 Railroad and Rolling Stock Equipment Canadian Pacific Railway Co, Angus Shops - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Canadian Car and Foundry Co, Longue Pointe - Category A Serious structural building damage v;ould be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Montreal Locomotive Works - Category C Slight structural building damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of damage from fire. It is likely that some equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Sheet, Metaj Products American Can Company - Category C Slight structural building damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of damage from fire. It is liekly that some equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Boilers, Tanks and Plate Works . Warden King Limited - Category C Slight structural building damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of damage from fire. It is likely that some equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Hydro Electric Power Main Electric Power Receiving Station, Shawinigan Water and Power Company - Category A No structural building damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability that fire might occur. Much equipment co Id probably be salvaged. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Shipbuilding and Repairing Canadian Vickers Limited - Category A Very severe building damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is high. It is likely that no equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 60-70$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Port of Montreal Slight damage would Port of Montreal by Transit Sheds Severe damage would and 47 on the Tarte be caused to the facilities of the this attack. be caused to sheds § 44, 45, 46 Pier by blast and fire. No other damage would occur to any other important port facilities. 000573 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET i ii ! • • • » I H U H CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 32 - Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk and immobilized - ships anchored in mid channel opposite the Sutherland Wharf would be sunk or immobilized. Slight damage - ships berthed or anchored between the Laurier Pier and the Canadian Vickers Wharf would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. Effeot of a Burst over Aiming Point # 7 - Chosen to give maximvim effect on a seventh grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 10-20$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause casualties among 10-/15$ of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: White Metal Alloys The Canada Metal Company - Category B Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of damage from fire. Little or no salvage of equipment could be exptected. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Bristol Aero Engines (Eastern) - Category A Buildings and equipment would be almost destroyed by b l a s t and f i r e . Approximately 15-30$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Canadian Pratt and Whitney Co, Longueuil - Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 80-85$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. J. W. Lawrence (Canada) Limited - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Aviation Electric Limited - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Military Establishments Central Ordnance Depot - Category A No structural building damage would blast but there is a probability of Damage to stores would probably not ximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty or seriously injured. be caused by damage from fire. be high. Approwould be killed 000574 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 33 Arsenals and Munitions Sorel Industries Limited - Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 65-90$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Railroad and Rolling Stock Equipment Canadian Pacific Railway Co, Angus Shops - Category A Slight structural building damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of further damage from fire. It is likely that much equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Canadian Car and Foundry Co, Longue Pointe - Category A This plant would be almost destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 15-30$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Montreal Locomotive Works - Category C Very severe structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Salvage of cohtents would not be high. Approximately 15-30$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Sheet Metal Products American Can Company - Category C Very severe structural building damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is high. Approximately 25-30$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Boilers, Tanks and Plate Works Warden King Limited - Category C Very severe structural building damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is high. Little or no salvage of equipment could be exptected. Approximately 25-60$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Shipbuilding and Repairing Canadian Vickers Limited - Category A This plant would be destroyed by b l a s t and f i r e . Approximately 80-85$ of the shift on duty would be k i l l e d or seriously injured. Communications - Telephonic Bell Telephone Company, Main Exchange No structural blast damage would the probability of fire is low. shift on duty would be seriously - Category A be caused by blast and Less than 5$ of the injured. Gas Storage Holders Quebec Hydro Electric Commission Hochelage Gas Holder Category A Gas holders and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. 3 000575 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 34 Port, of Montreal Damage to the facilities of the Port of Montreal is described below: Wharves and Piers Serious damage would be caused to Sections 47 and 49 and to the Canadian Vickers Wharf. Transit Sheds Destroyed - sheds # 44, 45, 46 and 47 on the Tarte Pier would be destroyed by this attack. Slight damage - would be caused to sheds # 26, 27, 27A and 29 by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. No other damage would occur to any other important port facilities. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk and Immobilized - ships berthed or anchored between Tarte Pier and Canadian Vickers Wharf would be sunk or immobilized. Slight damage - ships berthed or between Jacques Cartier Bridge and Vulcan Wharf would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 8 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a eighth grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point wsuld cause casualties among /pfo of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue, A nighttime attack would cause casualties among_^5$ of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below; Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Canadair Limited, (plant No. I) Ville St, Laurent - Category A This plant would be completely destroyed and 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. Canadair Limited, (Plant No. 2) Ville St, Laurent - Category A This plant would be completely destroyed and 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. Canadian Car and Foundry Company, St« Laurent - Category A This plant would be completely destroyed and 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. Sheet Metal Products Continental Can Company of Canada Limited - Category C No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Port of Montreal No damage would be caused to the port of Montreal by this attack. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 35 *. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 8 - Chosen to give maximvim effect on a eighth grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb • A casualties of warning ties among daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause among 5$ of the population depending on conditions and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause casual5$ of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: Aircraft and; Aircraft Parts Canadair Limited, (Plant No* I) St. Laurent - Category A This plant would be completely destroyed and 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. Canadair Limited, (Plant No* 2) St. Laurent - Category A This plant would be completely destroyed and 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. Canadian Car and Foundry Company, St. Laurent - Category A This plant would be completely destroyed and 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. Electronic and Communications Equipment Canadian Marconi - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Sheet Metal Products Continental Can Company of Canada Limited, St. Laurent Category C Slight structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. It is likely that much equipment could be salvaged. Approximately 5$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Port of Montreal No damage would be caused to the port facilities by this attack. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 9 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a ninth grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb It woe not possible to calculate casualties for this Aiming Point, but it is estimated that they would not be high. Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: 000577 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la l o i sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 36 Non-Ferrous Metal Smelting and Refining Canadian Copper Refineries - Category A This plant would be destroyed and 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. Brass and Copper Products Canada Wire and Cable Company, Mtl East - Category A This plant vould be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Petroleum Facilities Imperial Oil Refinery - Category A Refining and storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. Shell Oil Refinery - Category A Refining and storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire* McColl Frontenac Oil Refinery - Category A Refining and storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and f irei British American oil Refinery - Category A Refining and storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. Portland-Montreal Pipeline Terminal - Category A Building and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 75-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Port of Montreal No damage would be caused to the facilities at the Port of Montreal by this attack. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Slight damage would occur to ships berthed or anchored near the oil jetties at Montreal East, Effect of a burst over Aiming Point # 9 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a ninth grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb It was not possible to calculate casualties for this Aiming Point, but it is estimated that they would not be high. Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: Military Establishments Central Ordnance Depot - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of damage from fire. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000578 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 37 White Metal Alloys The Canada Metal Company Limited - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of damage from fire. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Non-Ferrous Metal Smelting and Refining Canadian Copper Refineries - Category A This plant would be totally destroyed and 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. Brass and Copper Products Canadian Wire and Cable Company, Mtl East - Category A This plant would be totally destroyed. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Railroad, and Rolling Stock Equipment Canadian Car and Foundry Company, Longue Pointe - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. No casualties would occur among shift on duty. Montreal Locomotive Works - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. No casualties would occur among shift on duty. Shipbuilding and Repairing Canadian Vickers Limited - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. No casualties would occur among shift on duty. Petroleum Facilities Imperial Oil Refinery - Category A Refining and storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. Shell Oil Refinery - Category A Refining and storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. McColl Frontenac Oil Refinery - Category A Refining and storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. British American Oil Refinery - Category A Refining and storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. Portland-Montreal Pipeline Terminal - Category A Building and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Port of Montreal NO damage would be caused to the facilities of the Port of Montreal by this attack. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk - no ships would be sunk by this attack. Immobilized - all ships berthed or anchored between the Canada Cement Wharf and the British American Oil Wharf would be immobilized. Slight damage - all ships in the channel between Tetreauville and Pointe Aux Trembles would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. 000579 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 38 (d) Effects On Morale It is expected that the effects on morale in large centres of population in Canada, and at least the northern parts of the United States, would be much the same whichever city is attacked by an atomic bomb. The effect will probably be somewh'.t prooortionate to the size of the casualties inflicted by individual bombs and by the number of cities attacked. Air Navigation Aspects of an Attack With the equipment at present available to the Russian Long Range Air Force j Montreal -would be an easj4 target to locate on either a high or low level attack Under any weather conditions for a well trained navigator not familiar with the area. Accuracy in identifying specific Aiming Points is a more critical aspect. However the Vital Points are distributed over much of the city, and an atomic explosion over many parts of the built up area would cause serious damage to both Vital Points and population, though of a lesser magnitude than described by this report. 000580 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a 1'infounation TABLE II - CASUALTIES AS PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION X TOP SECRET DAYTIME ATTACK CANADIAN EYES 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point # I-D - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Daytime Distribution of Population Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 20 5 5 No Warning - No Rescue 40 10 10 No Warning - With Resoue 10 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 25 15 10 With Warning - With Resoue 10 10 5 With Warning - With Resoue 20 10 5 Aiming Point # ftL - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on One Grouping of Vital 5Points oiiitS No Warning - No Resoue ti /J, /I No Warning - No Rescue ti ti ti No Warning - With Rescue ti /I /I No Warning - With Rescue ti ti ti With Warning - With Resoue ti /I With Warning - With Reseue ti ti ti /l Ltal Point Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen to Give Maxiraum Effect on a Second Grouping of Vital Pointss No Warning - No Rescue ti /l /l No Warning - No Rescue ti ti ti No Warning - With Rescue ti /p /I No Warning - With Rescue ti ti ti With Warning - With Rescue ti /I /I With Warning - With Resoue ti ti ti ,al Points Pointsi Aiming. Point # _3 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effeot on a Third Grouping of Vital No Warning - No Rescue 5 /p No Warning - With Rescue ti 5 With Warning - With Rescue ti /p /p ti /p No Warning - No Resoue 15 5 5 No Earning - With Resoue 10 10 5 With Warning - With Resoue 5 5 ti 000581 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'inforjpation TOP SECRET TABLE I I - CASUALTIES AS PERCENTAGE OF POHJLATION CANADIAN EYES 0NT.Y DAYTIME ATTACK 100 Kiloton Bonfr 20 Kjloton Bomb Aiming Point j 4 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Fourth Grouping of Vital Points Killed Seriously Injured 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 5 5 With Warning - With Rescue 5 5 No Warning - No Rescue Aiming Point # 5 No Warning - No Rescue No Warning - With Rescue lith Warning - With Rescue /p 5 /p 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 10 10 5 With Warning - With Resoue 10 5 5 10 5 ti 5 5 /ftp 5 /p No Warning - No Rescue /p /p /ftp No Warning - Kith Rescue /p /p /p With Warning - With Rescue 5 5 With Warning - With Rescue 5 5 Aiming Point * 7 /p ti 5 /p No Warning - No Rescue 25 5 5 No Warning - With Rescue 15 10 5 With Warning - With Rescue 10 5 5 10 5 5 5 Chosen to Give Maxiraum E f f e c t on a Seventh Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s 10 /p No Warning - No Rescue /p /p /p No Warning - With Rescue 5 5 /l /p /p With Warning - With Rescue /p 5 5 5 Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a S i x t h Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - With Reseue With Warning - With Rescue 20 /p 5 No Warning - With Rescue No Warning - No Rescue Lightly Injured Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e o t on a F i f t h Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s 10 No Warning - No Rescue Seriously Injured /ftp Aiming Poin t ir 6 No Warning - No Rescue Killed __— Lightly Injured ti 000582 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE II - CASUALTIES AS PERCENTAGE OF POHJLATION TOP SECRET DA5T1ME ATTACK 20 Kiloton Bomb CANADIAN EYES 0 100 Kjloton Bomb Aiming Point # 8 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Eighth Grouping of Vital Points Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue Jp ti /l ti /l ti No Warning - No Rescue ti ti ti No Warning - With Rescue /l ti /l ti /l ti No Warning - With Rescue ti ti ti With Warning - With Reseue ti/I ti/I ti/i With Warning - With Rescue ti ti ti x Based on 961,000 within 5 miles of «n Aiming Point. The population of the metropolitan area is 1,395,000 of the city proper is 1,022,000 000583 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TABLE I I - GASBAIgIBB AS PERCENTAGE OF POHJLATION CANADIAN EYES 0 NIGHTTIME ATTACK 100 K i l o t o n Bomb 20 K i l o t o n Boirib ftWnff P o i n t 3 I - g - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Nighttime D i s t r i b u t i o n of P o p u l a t i o n Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 20 -5 5 No Warning - No Rescue 35 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 10 -10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 20 15 10 5 5 5 With Warning - With Rescue 15 10 5 With Warning - With Rescue Aiming Point # I - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on One Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s Mo Warning - No Resoue /p /I /I Uo Warning - No Rescue ti ti ti No Warning - With Rescue ^L5 /l /l No Warning - With Rescue ti ti ti I ,/l /l With Warning - With Rescue ti ti ti ti ti With Warning - With Rescue Aiming P o i n t § 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Second Grouping of V i t a l P aoiinnttss No Warning - No Rescue /ftp No Warning - With Rescue /l With Warning - With Rescue /l /I I /} 5 /l No Warning - No Rescue /l No Warning - With Rescue ti /I With Warning - With Rescue ti 5 ti ti ti Aiming P o i n t § 3 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Third Grouping of V i t a l P oiinnttss No Warning - No Rescue • Mo Warning - With Rescue With Warning - Witii Rescue 5 /p /p /p 5 /p ti No l a r n i n 8 " Ko Rescue /p No Warning - With Rescue /ftp With Warning - With RSSCVB 15 5 5 10 10 5 5 5 ti 000584 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TABLE II - CASUALTIES AS PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION CANADIAN EYES 0T NIGHTTIME ATTACK 100 Kiloton Bomb 20 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point # 4 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Fourth Grouping of Vital Points Killed Seriously _ _ I n j u r e d 10 No Earning - No Rescue ti Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured ti No Warning - No Rescue 15 5 5 No Warning - With Rescue 5 5 ti No Warning - With Rescue 10 10 5 With Warning - With Rescue 5 IP ti With Warning - With Rescue 10 5 5 Airaing Point tf 5 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a F i f t h Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue /p /p /I No Warning - No Rescue 5 5 IP No Warning - With Rescue /p /p /ftp No Warning - With Rescue /p 5 ti With Warning - With Rescue /p /ftp /I With Warning - With Rescue /ftp ti ti Aiming P o i n t # 6 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a S i x t h Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue 10 No Warning - With Rescue 5 With Warning - With Rescue 5 /p 5 /p /ftp Mb Warning - No Rescue 20 5 5 /p Mo Warning - With Rescue 10 10 5 /p With Warning - With Reseue 10 5 5 Aiming Point # 7 - Chosen t o Give Maxiraum E f f e c t on a Seventh Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue /p /p /p No Warning - No Rescue 5 5 No Warning - With Resoue /I /p /p Mo Warning - With Rescue /p 5 With Warning - With Rescue /I /p /p With Warning - With Rescue /p ti ti 5 ti 000585 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'inforjnation TABIE I I - CASUALTIES AS HRCENTAGE OF POHJLATION TOP SECRET NIGHTTIME ATTACK 20 K i l o t o n Bomb CANADIAN EYES C T 100 K j l o t o n Bomb Aiming P o i n t # 8 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a E i g h t h Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue /p /l ti No Warning - No Reseue /p /p ti No Warning - With Rescue /j /l ti No Warning - With Rescue /p /p ti With Warning - With Rescue /l /l ti- With Warning - With Rescue /l /p ti- x- Based on 1,015,000 within 5 miles of an Aiming Point. The population of the metropolitan area is 1,395,000 of the city proper is 1,022,000 000586 �Documef£ cfc<rJQraLw ifler the Access to Information Act tttu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES - CITY OF MONTREAL DAYTIME ATTACK 20 K j l o t o n Bonfc CANADIAN EYES ONLY 100 K j l o t o n Bomb Aiming Point # I-D - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on P o p u l a t i o n During a Daytime A t t a c k Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 207,200 68,200 52,200 No Warning - No Rescue 383,600 90,400 58,900 No VJarning - With Rescue 114,600 103,800 68,600 No Warning - With Rescue 238,000 153,600 84,000 85,900 73,200 56,400 With Warning - With Rescue 185,600 99,700 60,200 With Warning - With Rescue Aiming Point # I - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on One Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue 24,300 4,800 3,000 No Warning - No Rescue 34,600 9,600 7,400 No Warning - With Resoue 16,000 8,600 4,500 No Warning - With Rescue 25,100 14,300 9,100 With Warning - With Rescue 12,700 6,700 4,700 With Warning - With Rescue 21,200 9,800 6,900 Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s 13,400 9,100 7,700 No Warning - No Rescue 52,200 30,300 24,300 No Warning - With Rescue 7,700 11,000 8,600 No Warning - With Rescue 21,100 38,800 29,600 With Warning - With Resoue 6,100 7,200 6,000 With Warning - With Rescue 15,000 23,400 17,500 No Warning - No Rescue Aiming P o i n t # 3 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Third Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue 71,600 30,600 23,000 No Warning - No Resoue 56,300 48,600 36,800 No Warning - With Resoue 35,800 45,300 29,500 No Warning --With Rescue 89,200 75,800 48,500 With Warning - With Rescue 23,800 31,300 24,400 With Warning - With Rescue 67,700 47,700 32,900 000587 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'infoipiation TABLE I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES - CITY OF MONTREAL DAYTIME ATTACK TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY 100 Kiloton Bomb 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Aiming Point # 4 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a F o u r t h Grouping of V i t a l Points Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 91,700 36,200 28,400 No Warning - No Rescue 175,900 75,800 59,500 No Warning - With Rescue 56,800 52,300 34,900 No Warning - With Rescue 113,300 100,800 70,500 With Warning - With Rescue 42,300 36,200 29,400 With Warning - With Rescue 91,200 63,600 46,300 Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Aiming P o i n t # 5 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a F i f t h Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue 32,600 15,800 11,600 No Warning - No Rescue 77,700 42,700 32,000 No Warning - With Rescue 15,900 23,000 14,600 No Warning - With Rescue 41,600 56,100 38,300 9,900 16,200 12,400 With Warning - With Rescue 30,500 35,200 24,800 With Warning - With Rescue Aiming Point # 6 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a S i x t h Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s 102,500 37,600 27,500 No Warning - No Rescue 221,700 69,700 53,400 No Warning - With Rescue 5 a , 800 55,700 35,400 No Warning - With Rescue 122,700 105,700 70,500 With Warning - With Rescue 43,800 39,600 30,000 With Warning - With Rescue 95,300 67,600 46,700 No Warning - No Rescue 000588 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act D o c u m ^ t ^ u l ^ j i e n L \ £ £ f U i de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES - CITY OF MONTREAL DAYTIME ATTACK CANADIAN EYES ONLY 100 Kjloton Bomb 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Aiming P o i n t # 7 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Seventh Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injirred No Warning - No Rescue 37,800 17,800 13,100 No Warning - No Rescue 89,800 48,400 37,300 No Warning - With Rescue 15,900 26,600 17,100 No Warning - With Rescue 46,300 64,500 45,000 9,000 18,700 14,500 With Warning - With Resoue 33,100 40,400 28,700 With Warning - With Rescue .Aiming P o i n t # 8 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a E i g h t Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No~Warning * No-Rescue .0,000 3,500 2,600 No Wqrning - No Rescue 19,800 8,500 6,900 No Warning - With Resoue 4,400 5,200 3,500 No Warning - With Rescue 11,200 12,200 8,200 With "Warning - With Rescue 3,200 3,500 2,700 With Warning - With Rescue 8,000 7,400 5,300 Kiilloottoonn Bomb Atfiming Point # 9 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a N^nth Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 100 K No Warning - No Rescue 0 600 600 No Warning - With Resoue 0 600 600 With Warning - With Rescue 0 300 400 000589 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'infoypation TABLE I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES - CITY OF MONTREAL TOP SECRET NIGHTTIME ATTACK CANADIAN EYES ONLY 100 K i l o t o n Bomb 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Aiming Poin t # I-N - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on P o p u l a t i o n During a Nighttime A t t a c k Killed Seriously Injured Killed Lightly Injured Seriously Injured Lightly Injured 180,200 62,000 45,900 No Warning - No Rescue 351,000 91,600 64,900 No Warning - With Rescue 92,900 97,500 61,600 No Warning - With Rescue 207,400 151,900 89,700 With Warning - With Rescue 64,600 69,800 53,000 With Warning - With Rescue 159,200 98,700 63,700 No Warning - No Rescue Aiming Point # I — Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Group of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning ~ No Rescue 16,200 4,500 2,900 No Warning - No Rescue 32,000 12,400 9,600 No Warning - With Rescue 13,300 7,500 4,100 No Warning - With Rescue 21,600 16,800 11,500 With Warning - With Resoue 10,800 5,800 4,100 With Warning - With Rescue 18,000 11,000 8,000 Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Second Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s 16,200 10,100 8,000 No Warning - No Rescue 58,000 28,800 23,200 No Warning - With Rescue 8,200 12,700 9,400 No Warning - With Rescue 24,200 39,000 28,900 With Warning - With Rescue 6,000 8,400 6,700 With Warning - With Rescue 17,000 23,700 17,400 No Warning - No Resoue 000590 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Documeirt^wjIgw-jei^wijUirfle la loi sur I'acces a I'inforxnation TABLE I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES - CITY OF MONTREAL . NIGHTTIME ATTACK 20 K i l o t o n Bomb .. CANADIAN EYES ONLY 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point § 3 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a Third Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 60,500 33,700 25,800 No Warning - No Rescue No Warning - With Rescue 29,600 46,100 31,400 With Warning - With Rescue 19,200 31,100 24,300 Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured 165,300 54,600 40,100 No Warning - With Rescue 84,500 84,100 53,800 With Warning - With Rescue 61,700 52,100 35,100 Aiming Point # 4 - Chosen t o Gjve Maximum E f f e c t on a F o u r t h Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue 88,300 35,200 27,800 No Warning - No Rescue 174,700 73,400 57,300 No Warning - With Rescue 53,000 50,600 34,300 No Warning - With Rescue 109,700 99,000 68,800 With Warning - With Rescue 39,500 34,300 28,200 With Warning - With Rescue 87,900 61,900 45,S00 No Warning - No Rescue 63,000 38,500 29,500 No Warning - With Rescue 31,400 49,900 35,300 With Warning - With Rescue 22,700 31,000 22,100 Aiming Point # 5 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a F i f t h Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue 23,100 12,500 9,400 No Warning - With Rescue 11,800 17,200 11,500 7,800 11,900 9,200 With Warning - With Rescue 000591 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a rinfoynation TABLE I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES - CITY OF MONTREAL TOP SECRET NIGHTTIME ATTACK CANADIAN EYES ONLY 20 K i l o t o n Bomb 100 K i l o t o n Bomb Aiming Point # 6 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a S i x t h Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 85,900 34,000 25,200 No Warning - No Rescue No Warning - With Rescue 49,300 48,900 32,400 No Warning - With Rescue With Warning — With Rescue 37,200 34,200 26,000 With Warning - With Rescue Killed Serious l y Injured Lightly Injured 200,000 66,000 50,800 105,900 98,800 67,000 81,100 62,500 43,400 Aiming P o i n t # 7 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Seventh Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue 26,000 14,700 11,500 No Warning - No Rescue 70,200 43,500 34,100 No Warning - With Rescue 10,000 17,800 11,700 No Warning - With Rescue 34,200 56,300 40,400 5,700 13,800 11,100 With Warning - With Rescue 23,300 34,700 24,800 With Warning - With Rescue Aiming P o i n t # 8 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a E i g h t Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue 10,100 3,800 3,000 No Warning - No Rescue 21,400 12,600 10,500 No Warning - With Rescue 4,500 5,800 4,000 No Warning - With Rescue 11,900 16,500 12,200 With Warning - With Rescue 3,00 0 4,100 3,200 With Warning - With Rescue 8,700 10,300 7,800 0 500 500 Aiming Point # 9 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Ninth Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue 0 Q No Warning - With Rescue 0 0 0 No Warning - With Rescue 0 500 500 With Warning - With Rescue 0 0 0 With Warning - With Rescue 0 300 300 Q No W a r n i n g _ No ReScue 000592 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN -EYES 0. Aiming Point #- I-D - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Daytime Distribution of Population by a 20 Kiloton Bomb Vjtal Points Vital Point Category Structural Damage by Blast (%) Probability of Fire Damage t o C o n t e n t s With F i r e No F j r e 50 - 75 CBR Angus Shops A 75 - 100 Med 75 - 100 Shawinigan Water and Power Company . A 0 lew 25-50 0 Bell Telephone Company, Main Exchange A 0 Low 25-50 0 Gas Holders (Hochelage) A 100 High Aviation E l e c t r i c Limited B 0 Low 50$ App 0 American Can Company C 0 Low 25-50 0 000593 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES Aiming Point # I-N - Chosen to Gjve Maximum Effect on Nighttime Distribution of Population by a 20 Kiloton Bomb Vital Points rital Point Category Structural Damage by B l a s t (%) Probability of Fire Damage t o C o n t e n t s V/ith F i r e No F i r e CPR Angus Shops A 0 Low 50$ App 0 , Shawinigan Water and Power "Company A 0 Low 50% App 0 000594 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN- EYES ON Aiming Point # I - Chosen t o Gjve Maximum E f f e c t on One Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Vital Points V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage by B l a s t (%) With F i r e 75$ App Peacock B r o t h e r s A 25 - 50 Med Dominion B r i d g e Co, Lachine A 100 High Dominion E n g i n e e r i n g , Lachine A 75 - 100 Med Canadian Car and F d r y , S t . P i e r r e A 75 - 100 Med 50 - 75 Med S i r George Godfrey & P a r t n e r s L t d , Lachine B S t e e l Company of Canada Limited C 100 Damage t o C o n t e n t s Probability of Fire High 100 75 - 100 100 75 - 100 100 No F i r e 25-50 100 75% App 50% 50% App 100 000595 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a /'information TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES C Aiming Poin t # 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Vital Points V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage by B l a s t (%) Probability of Fire Damage t o Contents With F i r e No F i r e Peacock B r o t h e r s A 100 High 100 100 Dominion Bridge Co-Ltd, Lachine A 25% App Low 50% App /.25% Dominion E n g i n e e r i n g , Lachine A 50fo App Low 75% App /50% Canadian Gar and Fdry Co, S t . P i e r r e A 100 High 100 100 S i r George Godfrey & P a r t n e r s Ltd B /25% Med 50 - 75 /25% The S t e e l Co of Canada Limited C /25% low 50% App /25% 000596 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES OM Aiming p o i n t # 5 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a Third Grouping of V j t a l P o i n t s by a 20 K i l o t o n B om b Vital Points V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage by B l a s t (f>) Probability of Fire Canadian Car and Fdry Co, Cote St.. P a u l A 100 High RCA Victor Company Limited A 25% App Med Canadian Car and Fdry Co, S t . Laurent A /25% Low J.W. Lawrence (Canada) Limited A 0 Low Crane Limited C 25-50 Med Canadian Tube and S t e e l P r o d u c t s A 100 High Damage t o Contents With F i r e 100 50 - 100 75 50% App 25 - 50 50% App 100 No F i r e 25% App 0-25 0 25% App 100 000597 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'infoifnation TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES Oi' Aiming P o i n t # 4 - Chosen t o Give Maxiraum Effect on a F o u r t h Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Vital Points V i t a l Point Categ ;ory Structural Damage by B l a s t &,) Probability of Fire Damage t o C o n t e n t s With F i r e No F i r e S t e e l Co Cf Canada, Notre Daire Works A 100 High 100 100 CIR Angus Shops A 0 Low .25-50 0 RCA V i c t o r Company Limited A High 100 75 - 100 B e l l Telephone Company, Main Exchange A 0 Low 25 - 50 0 Mount R o y a l Metal Company B 25 - 50 Med 75 - 100 25 - 50 J.W. Lawrence (Canada) Limited B 75 - 100 High 100 75 - 100 A v i a t i o n E l e c t r i c Limited B low 25-50 Crane Limited C 75 - 100 High 100 CNR P o i n t e S t . C h a r l e s C 75% App Med 75 - 100 0 75 - 100 0 75 - 100 50 - 75 000598 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS TOP SBCRET CANADIAN EYES OF Aiming Point # 5 - Chosen t o Give Maximvim E f f e c t on a F i f t h Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Vital Points r i t a l Point Category • Structural Damage by B l a s t (%) Probability of Fire Damage t o Contents With F i r e No F i r e A 100 High 100 100 CPR Angus Shops A 0 Low 25-50 0 Canadian Vickers Limited A 0 Low 25-50 0 Shawinigan Water and Power Company A 0 Med 50 - 75 0-25 C e n t r a l Ordnance Depot A 25% App High 75 - 100 25 - 50 Canadian Car and F d r y , Longue P o i n t e A 100 High 100 100 S o r e l I n d u s t r i e s L t d , Longueuil A 0 Low 50% App 0 Canadian P r a t t & Whitney, Longueuil A 0 Low 25-50 0 The Canada Metal Company Limited B 100 High 100 100 Warden King Limited C 75% App Med 75 - 100 75% App Z 2J $ Med 50 - 75 /25% 100 High 100 100 B r i s t o l Aero Engines (Eastern) American Can Company Montreal Locomotive Works ' C C 000599 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information u TOP SECRET TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS CANADIAN EYES 01 Aiming P o i n t # 6 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a S i x t h Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 20 K i l o t o n Bomb V i t a l Points B r i s t o l Aero Engines V i t a l Point Category (Eastern) A Structural Damage by Blast (%) 0 Probability of Fjre Damage t o C o n t e n t s No F i r e With F i r e 0 Low 25 - 50 Med 75 - 100 75% App 75% App 25-50 100 CPR Angus Shops A 75 - 100 Canadian V i c k e r s Limited A 25 - 50 Shawinigan Water and Power Company A 100 High 100 C e n t r a l Ordnance Depot A 0 Low 50-75 Canadian Car and F d ry Co, Longue P o i n t e A 50% App Med 75% App /50% S o r e l I n d u s t r i e s L i m i t e d , Longueuil A 0 Low 25-50 0 Canadian A r s e n a l s Ltd A 0 Low 50% App 0 C a n a d i a n P r a t t & Whitney, Longueuil A 0 Low 25-50 0 Canada Metal Company l i m i t e d B 0 Low 75 - 100 0 Warden King Limited C 100 High 100 100 C 100 High 100 100 C ti&h Med 50% App 0-25 American Can Company M o n t r e a l Locomotive Works . . 0 000600 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'infqrmation TOP S1DRET ' TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS CANADIAN EYES ONLV Aiming Point # 7 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Seventh Grouping of Vital Points by a 20 K i l o t o n B0mb Damage t o C o n t e n ts Structural Damage by B l a s t (%) Probability of Fire A Z.25% Med 50 - 75 0-25 CBR Angus Shops A 0 Low 25-50 0 Canadian V i c k e r s Limited A 75 - 100 High 100 Shawinigan Water and Power Company A 0 Med 50 - 75 0 C e n t r a l Ordnance Depot A 0 Low 25 - 50 0 Canadian Car and F d r y , Longue P o i n t e A 50% App Med 75% App /50% S o r e l I n d u s t r i e s Limited , Longueui l A 75 - 100 Med 100 75 - 100 Canadian P r a t t & Whitney, l o n g u e u i l A 75 - 100 High 100 75% App The Canada Metal Company Limited B 0-25 Med 75 - 100 0-25 Warden King L i m i t ed C /.25% Med 50 - 75 /25% American Can Company C ti& Med 50 - 75 /ffl* Montreal Locomotive Works c ti& Med 50% App 0-25 Vital Points B r i s t o l Aero Engines (Eastern) Vital Point Category With F i r e No F i r e 75% App 000601 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CAISIADIAN EYES 0N7 Ajming Point # 8 - Chosen t o Gjve Maximum E f f e c t on a E i g h t h Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 20 K i l o t o n Bomb V i t a l Points V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage by B l a s t (%) Probability of Fire Damage t o Contents With F i r e No F i r e Canadair P l a n t # I S t . Laurent A 100 High 100 100 Canadair P l a n t # 2 S t . Laurent A 100 High 100 100 Canadian Cap and F a r y Co, S t . Lauren t A 100 High 100 100 C o n t i n e n t a l Can Co of Canada, S t . Laurent C 0 Low 25-50 0 000602 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la l o i sur I'acces a I'information i TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES C Aiming Point # 9 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a Ninth Grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb V i t a l Points Vital Point Categ ory Structural Damage by Blast (%) Probability of Fire With Fire High 100 100 High 100 100 100 100 Canadian Wire & Cable Co, Mtl East A 100 Canadian Copper Refinery, Mtl East A 100 Imperial Refinery A 100 High Shell Refinery A 100 High McColl Frontenac Refinery A 100 High B r i t i s h American Refinery A 100 High M o n t r e a l P i p e l i n e Terminal A 100 High • Damage to Contents No Fire 000603 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE III - i*Uii»iBY CF SFFECTS Oi-i VITAL PCL.TS TOP SECRET CANADIAN ES ONLY Aiming Point # I-D - Chosen t o Gjve Maximum Effect on Daytime D i s t r i b u t i o n of Population by a IDOKjloton Bomb V i t a l Points Vital Point -Category Structural Damage by ' Blast $ ) Probability of Fire Damage t o Contents With F i r e No F i r e B r i s t o l Aero Engines (Eastern) A 25-50 Low 50 - 75 25% App CIR Angus Shops A 25-50 Low 50% App 25% App Canadian Vickers Limited A 0-25 Low 50% App 0-25 Canadian Marconi A 0 Low 50% App 0 Shawinigan Water and Power Company A 0-25 Med 50 - 75 0-25 Bell Telephone Company, Main Exchange A 25% App Med 50 - 75 25% App Canadian Car and Foundry Company, Longue Pointe A 0-25 Low 50% App 0-25 Mount Royal Metal Company B 0 Low 50 - 75 0 .B 0 Low 50 - 75 0 J.W. Lawrence (Canada) Limited B 0 Low 50% App 0 Aviation E l e c t r i c Limited B 0-25 Med 50 - 75 0-25 Warden Kjng Limited C 0 Low ti% 0 American Can Company G 0-25 Med ti% 0 Montreal Locomotive Works C 0 Low 50% CNR Pointe S t . Charles C 0-25 Low /50% Canada Metal Company ....2 0 0-25 000604 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ON. Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on Daytime D i s t r i b u t i o n of P o p u l a t i o n by a 100 K i l o t o n Bomb Vital Point Category Structural Damage by B l a s t {%) Probability of Fire C 0 Low A 100 High Damage t o Contents With F i r e /50% N0 F i r e 0 000605 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS CANADIAN EYES Aiming Point # I-N - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a Nighttime D i s t r i b u t i o n of Population by a 100 Kiloton Bomb V i t a l Points V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage by B l a s t (fo) Probability of Fire Damage t o C o n t e n t s With F i r e No F i r e B r i s t o l Aero Engines (Eastern) A 0-25 Low 50% App 0-25 CPR Angus Shops A 75 - 100 High 75 - 100 75% App Canadian Vickers Limited A 0 low 50% App 0 •A 0-25 Med 50 - 75 0-25 Shawinigan Water and Power Company A 0-25 Med 50 - 75 0-25 Bell Telephone Company, Main Exchange A 0 Low 50% App 0 C e n t r a l Ordnance Depot A 0 Low 25-50 0 Canadian Car and Fdry, Longue Pointe A 0 Low 25 - 50 0 Gas Holder (Beaumont) A 100 High Mount Royal Metal Company B 0 Low 75% App 0 J.W. Lawrence (Canada) Limited B 0 Low 50% App 0 Aviation E l e c t r i c Limited B 0 Med 50% App 0 Warden King Limited C o ~m Med 25-50 0-25 American Can Company c c /2S$ Med 50% App 0-25 0 Low 25 - 50 0 Canadian Marconi Montreal Locomotive Works Y 000606 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information c TABIE III - SUMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLi Aiming Point # I - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on One Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 100 K i l o t o n Boni) Vital Points V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage by Blast $) Probability of Fire With Fire Damage to Contents No Fire Peacock Brothers A 75 - 100 High 100 75 - 100 Dominion Bridge Company, Lachine A 100 High 100 100 Dominion Engineering, Lachine A 100 High 100 75 - 100 Canadian Car and Fdry, Longue Pointe A 0 Low 23$ App 0 Canadian Car and Fdry, Ville St. Pierre A 100 High 100 75 - 100 Transmission Line River Crossing Quebec Hydro Electric Power Commission Beauharnois Station-Island of Montreal A 100 George Godfrey and Partners Limited B 100 High 100 75 - 100 The Steel Company of Canada Ltd, Lachine C 100 High 100 100 000607 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information c TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS TOP SBCRET CANADIAN EYES ONE •Aiming P o i nt # 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Second Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 100 K j l o t o n Bonfc Vital Points Vital Point Category Structural Damage by B l a s t ft) Canadian Car and Fdry Co, Cote S t . Pau l A 50% App Peacock B r o t h e rs A 100 Dominion Bridge Company Ltd, Lachine A Dominion E n g i n e e r i n g , Lachine Probability of Fire Med Damage 1bo C o n t e n t s With F i r e 75% App No F i r e •tiW 100 High 100 75 - 100 Med 100 75% App A 100 High 100 100 Canadian Car and Fdry Co, V i l l e S t . P i e r r e A 100 High 100 100 Canadian Tube and S t e e l Products A 25% App Low 50 - 75 25% App Transmission Line River C r o s s i n g Quebec Hydro E l e c t r i c Power Commission Beauharnois S t a t i o n - I s l a n d of Montreal A S i r George Godfrey & P a r t n e r s L t d , Lachine) B High 100 75% App C o n t i n e n t a l Can Company of Canada Ltd C Low 25-50 The S t e e l Company of Canada L t d , Lachine C Med 75 - 100 100 75% App 0 75% App 0 50 - 75 000608 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFF.3CTS "N VITAL POETS TOP SBCRET CANADIAN 3YES 0». Aiming P o i n t # 3 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a t h i r d V i t a l Points V i t a l Point Category Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 100 K i l o t o n Bomb Structural Damage by B l a s t (fo) Probability of Fire Damage to Contents With F i r e 50% App • No F i r e S t e e l Company of Canada, Notre Dame Wrks A 25% App Low Canadian Car and F d r y , Cote S t . P a u l A 100 High 100 Peacock B r o t h e r s A 2% App Med 50-75 RCA V i c t o r Company Limited A 75 - 100 High 100 75 - 100 Canadian Marconi A 0 Low 25-50 0 Canadian Car and Fdry Co, V i l l e S t . P i e r r e A 75 - 100 Med 75% App J.W. Lawrence (Canada) Limited B 0 Med 50-75 Crane Limited C 75 - 100 High CNR P o i n t e S t . C h a r l e s C 0 Low Canadian Tube and S t e e l P r o d u c t s A 100 High 100 25-50 100 /25% 100 /25% /ftpQfo 0-25 75% App 0 100 000609 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information ii TABLE III - SUMMARY OF "EFFECTS ON VITALH. B:TS i. V L TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES t Aiming Point -y 4 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Fourth Grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb Vital Points Vital Point Category Structural Damage by B l a s t (fo) Probability of Fire Damage t o Co n t e n t s With F i r e No F i r e 75% App 50% App Canadian Tube and Steel Products A 50 - 75 Med Steel Co of Canada, Notre Dame Works A 100 High Canadian Car and Fdry, Cote St. Paul A 75% App Med RCA Victor Company Ltd A 100 High 100 100 Canadian Marconi A 0 Low 25 - 50 0 Bell Telephone Co, Main Exchange A 0-25 Med 50 - 75 0-25 Canadian Car and Fdry Co, St. Laurent A 0 low 25-50 0 Mount Royal Metal Company B 75 - 100 Med 100 75% App J.W. Lawrence (Canada) Limited B 75 - 100 High 100 75 - 100 Aviation Electric Limited B 0 Med 75% App 0-25 Crane Limited C 100 High 100 100 CNR Pointe St. Charles C 100 High 100 75 - 100 100 75 - 100 75 - 100 /75% 000610 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information « TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON 1/TAL POETTB i C TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES 0NL_ . Aiming P o i n t # 5 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a F i f t h Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 100 K i l o t on Bomb Vital Points V i t a l Point Category Probability of Fire Damage t o C o n t e n t s With F i r e No F i r e 0 Low 25-50 0 A 0 Low 25 - 50 0 A 100 High 100 100 Med 50 - 75 25% App Med 75% App Z50% Canadian Wire and Cable Co, Mtl East A Canadian Copper R e f i n e r s , Mtl E a s t B r i s t o l Aero Engines (Eastern) Structural Damage by B l a s t (fo) - CPR Angus Shops A 25 - 50 Canadian Vickers Limited A Mtl P i p e l i n e Terminal A 0 Low 25 - 50 0 Shawinigan Water and Power Company A /25% High 75% App /25% C e n t r a l Ordnance Depot A 75 - 100 High 100 75 - 100 Canadian Car and F d r y , Longue P o i n t e A 100 High 100 100 S o r e l I n d u s t r i e s L i m i t e d , Longueuil A .25% App Med 50 - 75 25% App Canadian P r a t t & j i t n e y A i r c r a f t , Longueuil A ^25% Med 50% App 0-25 Canada M e t a l Company Limited B 100 High 100 100 A v i a t i o n E l e c t r i c Limited B 0 Low 25-50 0 Warden King Limited C 100 High 100 100 American Can Company C High 100 75% App Montreal Locomotive Works C High 100 100 50% App 75 100 100 000611 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POIiTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES C Y Aiming P o i n t # 6 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a S i x t h Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 100 K i l o t o n Bomb Vital Points B r i s t o l Aero Engines (Eastern) V i t a l Point Category A Damage t o C o n t e n t s Structural Damage by B l a s t (%) Probability of Fire With F i r e 75 - 100 Med 100 75 - 100 No F i r e CHI Angus Shops A 100 High 100 75 - 100 Canadian V i c k e r s Limited A 100 High 100 75 - 100 S h e l l R e f i n e ry A 100 High Shawinigan Water and Power Company A 100 High 100 100 B e l l Telephone Company, Main Exchange A 0 Low 25 - 50 0 C e n t r a l Ordnance Depot A 0 Med 50 - 75 0-25 Canadian Car and F d r y , Longue P o i n t e A 100 High 100 75 - 100 S o r e l I n d u s t r i e s L t d , Longueuil A /25% Med 50% App /25% Canadian A r s e n a l s Limited A /2S% Med 50 - 75 /25% /25% Med 50% App 0-25 50% App C a n a d i a n P r a t t & 'Whitney A i r c r a f t , Longueuil A The Canada M e t a l Company Limited B 50 - 75 Med 75 - 100 J . W. Lawrence {Canada) Limited B 0 Low 25-50 0 A v i a t i o n E l e c t r i c Limited B 0 Low 25 - 50 0 Warden King Limited C 100 High 100 100 Montreal Locomotive Works C Med 75 - 100 75 - 100 /J% 000612 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EXES ONLY Aiming P o i n t # 7 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Seventh Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 100 K i l o t o n Bomb V i t a l Points B r i s t o l Aero Engines (Eastern) V i t a l Point Category A Structural Damage by B l a s t <$) 75 - 100 Probability of Fire With F i r e High 100 75 - 100 0 - 25 Damage t o Contents No F i r e CPR Angus Shops A ti& Med 50 - 75 Canadian Vickers Limited A 100 High 100 Shawinigan Water and Power Company A /25% High 75 - 100 B e l l Telephone Company, Main Exchange A 0 Low 25-50 C e n t r a l Ordnance Depot A 0 Med 50 - 75 0-25 Canadian Car and F d r y , Longue P o i n t e A 100 High 100 75 - 100 S e r e l I n d u s t r i e s Ltd, Longueuil A 100 High 100 100 Canadian A r s e n a l s Ltd A 100 High 100 100 Canadian P r a t t & Whitney, Longueuil A 100 High 100 100 Mount Royal M Q tal Company B 0 Low 25-50 0 The Canada M e t a l Company Limited B 75% App Med 100 J . W. Lawrence (Canada) Limited B 0 Low 25 - 50 0 Warden King L i m i t e d C 75 - 100 High 100 f 5 - : «J0 American Can Company C 75 - 100 High 100 75% App Montreal Locomotive Works C 75 - 100 Med 75 - 100 A 0 Low 25-50 Aviation E i e c t r i c Limited 100 /25% 0 /75% 75% App 0 000613 �Document disclosed under theAccesst^nfonnation Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS CANADIAN EYES Of Aiming Point # 8 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Eighth Grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb Vital Points n t a i Point Cate gory Structural Damage by B l a s t (%) Probability of Fire Damage t o C o n t e n t s With F i r e No F i r e Canadian Marconi A 0 low 25-50 0 Canadair Plant # I St. Laurent A 100 High 100 100 Canadair Plant # 2 St. Laurent A 100 High 100 100 Canadian Car & Fdry, Bois Franc Road A 100 High 100 100 Continental Can Co, St. Laurent C 25% App Med 50 - 75 /25% 000614 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information f TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECTS ON VITAL POINTS i TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming P o i n t # 9 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a N i n t h Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 100 K i l o t o n Bomb Vital Points V i t a l Point Category Canadian Wire and Cable :Co, Mtl E a s t A Canadian Copper R e f i n e r y , Mtl E a s t A Canadian V i c k e r s Limited Structural Damage by B l a s t (%) Probability of Fire Damage t o Contents With F i r e No F i r e 100 High 100 100 100 High 100 • 100 A 0 Low 25-50 0 I m p e r i a l Refinery A 100 High Shell Refinery A 100 High McColl Frontenac R e f i n e r y A 100 High B r i t i s h American /Refinery A 100 High Montreal P i p e l i n e Terminal A 100 High 100 100 C e n t r a l . Ordnance Depot A 0 Med 50 - 75 0 Canadian Car and F d r y , Longue p o i n t e A 0 Low 25 - 50 0 The Canada M e t a l Company B 0 Low 50 - 75 0 Montreal Locomot ive-Works C 0 Low 25-50 0 _ 000615 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY APPENDIX "A" - STUDY OF CITY Of MONTREAL For the City of Montreal the list of Vital Points as determined by the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital Points is as follows: Category "A" Central Ordnance Depot Canadian Tube and Steel Products (rolling facilities) Canadian Wire and Cable Company, Montreal East Canadian Copper Refiners, Montreal East Bristol Aero Engines (Eastern) Bristol Aero Engines (Warehouses) Canadian Car and Foundry Company, Cote St. Paul CPR Angus Shops Canadian Vickers Limited Peacock Brothers RCA Victor Company Ltd Canadian Marconi Imperial Refinery Shell Refinery McColl Frontenac Refinery British American Refinery Main Eoectric Power Receiving Station Shawinigan Water and Power Company Main Electric Power Receiving Station Quebec Hydro Commission Transmission Line River Crossing Quebec Hydro Electric Power Commission Beauharnois Station-Island of Montreal Main Exchange (s) Bell Telephone Company Jacques Cartier Bridge St. Lawrence River Lachine Canal Dominion Bridge Company Ltd Lachine Dominion Engineering Works Lachine •••• 2 000616 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Canadair Limited (Plant # I) Canadair Limited (Plant # 2 ) Canadian Car and Foundry Company Bois Franc Road St. Laurent Canadian Car and Foundry Company Longue Pointe Sorel Indistries Limited Longueuil Division Longueuil Canadian Arsenals Limited St. Paul L*Ermite (filling) Aeronautical Transmitter Department of Transport Beaconsfield (for Dorval) Canadian Car aad Foundry Company Dominion Works Ville St. Pierre Canadian Pratt & Whitney Aircraft Longueuil Quebec Hydro-Electric Commission Hochelage Gss Holder Quebec Hydro-Electric Power Casimission LaSalle Gas Holder Station Ville La Salle Quebec Hydro~El6ctric Power Commission Beaumont Gas Holder Station Category W B W Mount Royal Metal Company The Canada Metal Company Limited Rolls Royoe Limited Sir George Godfrey & Partyaenrs Limited Lachine J.W. Lswrence (Canada) Limited Chatham Street Aviation Electric Limited Category "C w Warden King Limited Crane Limited American Can Company • •• • 3 000617 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information 'HAS I TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Montreal Loooiaotive Works Canadian National Railway Point6 St. Charles Continental Can Company of Canada Limited Ville St. Laurent Th6 Steel Company of Canada Limited Lachine The categories determined by the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital Points are designed for sabotage studies. They have been adapted for the present study by raising those points which are important to the Joint Canadian U.S. war effort from Category "A" to a superior Category "AA", and by restating the significance of the categories. The categories used are as fbllowsi Category "AA" Individual planta or buildings of sufficient importance to the North American war effort to be considered possible atomic bomb targets, irrespective of any effects of an A-bomb attack on the target on other Vital Points. Additional effects will, however, play a part in determining the relative impoiv tance of Category "AA" targets and they have, therefore, been studied and reported. Category w A n Individual plants or buildings not of sufficient importance to the North American war effort to be considered A-bomb targets by themselves, but which may become A-bomb targets if the other effects of the explosion of a bomb over the target would produce a sufficient cumulative effect on population and other Vital Points. Category "B" Important points to be considered in conjunction with attacks on Category "AA" targets. Category "C" Minor points to be considered in conjunction with attacks on Category "AA" and Category "A" targets. 000618 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CDIM02661 Title A name given to the resource Report, "Atomic Vulnerability Study of Canada, City of Montreal" Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 8/31/1953 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Nuclear Vulnerability Study, RG25, Vol. 4563, File 50041-A-40, Part 2, LAC. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Department of External Affairs Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Canadian Crown Subject The topic of the resource Early Cold War, Atomic Vulnerability Description An account of the resource Atomic Vulnerability Study Panel, Ottawa Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Canada Declassified Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource en https://declassified.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/edc0e612450b718af68fc6896823dace.pdf 2e747d8eb1210425a097169f1d957a76 PDF Text Text d ^CJhe^AEBeaitdMi Document divulgue en n vSUfie Sfi**6W(fcc. JIBTS 200-2113-2 ^PC^/'flV </<P y?l i o /7/e f-f Chairman, vulnerability Study Panel Civil Defence Co-Ordlnator v -~X»Xw, G«P. de T. Glazebrooik Dr. E,E. Massey Dr. W. Jaaes Hr. Q. Carty OTTAWA, Ontario, IB August, 1° 53* ^X/XX!^,. ft*h: 5>, fe •ir*?. Report on the City of Halifax At the 13th Meeting of the Panel i t was agreed that as studies vere eoispleted they should be distributed to individual oeaibers of the Panel for review and conraenfc, and for return to the Secretary. X enclose a copy of the City of Halifax. Original signed by ftM.O I. Bowen ( I . Bowen) Director, Joint Intelligence Bureau Encl. iin/xn. 000619 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CDIM02660 Title A name given to the resource Memorandum, I. Bowen as Director of Joint Intelligence Bureau, "Report on the City of Halifax" Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 8/18/1953 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Nuclear Vulnerability Study, RG25, Vol. 4563, File 50041-A-40, Part 2, LAC. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Department of External Affairs Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Canadian Crown Subject The topic of the resource Early Cold War, Atomic Vulnerability Description An account of the resource Joint Intelligence Bureau, Ottawa Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Canada Declassified Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource en https://declassified.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/25ed36b2c4545c90724898d541d9df00.pdf 7999349e25e93706983d87b61b96a311 PDF Text Text Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information 4 JIBTS 200-2113-2 TWIT h smn TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY ATOMIC VULNERABILITY STUDY OF CANADA CITY OF HALIFAX I Object of the Study This is one of a series of reports on major Canadian cities and targets which provide the basic information on enemy capabilities to cause damage to persons and to Vital Points by atomic attack. This study is not concerned with the probability that such an enemy attack will be made. II Definitions of Terms Used HI Ground Zero The point on the ground directly under the point of burst in the air Aiming Point The point on the ground directly under the point where the bomb is aimed to be burst in the air No Rescue No organized and trained rescue is carried out, which means effectively that only people who are not trapped or who can escape by their own efforts survive Seriously Injured - Hospitalized persons who would not report to work for a considerable period of time Ligiitly Injured - First Aid cases who would be able to contribute to their work a few days after the attack Nighttime - The time during which people are in their normal places of residence Daytime - The time during which people are at their normal places of work Sources of Basic Information (a) population Information on the distribution of daytime and nighttime population in Halifax was obtained from the Civil Defenoe Director of the city of Halifax. (b) Military Establishments The military establishments important to the national war effort were selected by the Joint Planning Coiiuuittee. The Establishment in the Halifax area is listed in Appendix "A". 000620 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 2 (c) Vital Points Information on other Vital Points was taken from the 1953 List of Vital Points, which is the work of the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital Points. The list for the Halifax area is given in Appendix "A". (d) Scientific Data Basic data on the effects of atomic bomb explosions on people and structures was prepared by the Defence Research Board (Scientific Adviser to the Civil Defence Co-ordinator). IV Factors Considered in Selecting Aiming Points for Study The effects of an attack on a city vary widely with the location of the bomb burst. As it is not considered practicable to study all possible points of burst, a series of Aiming Points have been selected which are calculated to give the maximum effect on population and on different groupings of Vital Points. n ... The effects of an attack vary widely with the energy released by the bomb. As it is not possible to estimate the energy level of the bomb mpet likely to be used, separate animates war's mMde for k bbfiib *ith the lowest probable energy and the highest probablo energy level. The effects on people also vary widely with circumstances of warning and rescue. A series of estimates were therefore made for different conditions of warning and rescue. The estimates made for conditions WITH RESCUE are for ideal rescue conditions with organized and trained rescue teams, in temperate climates and when the atomic attack is unsupported by other weapons. In spite of rescue efforts casualties would tend towards those given for NO RESCUE under severe winter conditions, or if Chemical Warfare attack were combined with atomic attack or if the spread of fire were extensive. Conditions of visibility would also alter the effect of an attack. Poor visibility would reduce the extent of fire and the number of radiation casualties and would have some effect on the chances of pinpointing the target from the air. All calculations are based on an average clear day over a city with a visibility of about six miles. For the city of Halifax Aiming Points were chosen to give the maximum effect on the daytime and on the nighttime distribution of population; and to give the maximum effect on the Vital Points considered collectively. Aiming Points were also chosen to give the maximum effect on the installations at HMC Dockyard and the facilities at the Ocean Terminals. When selecting the Aiming Points to give the maximum effect on Vital Points considered collectively, those at Imperoyal and Eastern Passage were not included - they are beyond the range of destruction of all the Aiming Points selected. 000621 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY '« 3 «* The present study i s confined t o t h e effect of a bomb delivered by an airborne vehicle. I t i s possible t h a t Halifax, a Port City with important Naval I n s t a l l a t i o n s , would be a t a r g e t for an underwater bursty A separate study w i l l be made of the effects of t h i s type of a t t a c k . IV Results of the Study of the City of Halifax A daytime attack on t h i s c i t y by an a i r burst atomic bomb could insult i n c a s u a l t i e s among 55-70$ of the population if a 20 kiloton bomb were used, depending on conditions of warning and rescue; and 70-90$ if a 100 kiloton bomb were used; and cause damage t o many Vital Points i n Halifax. An a t t a c k on Vital Points by a 20 kiloton bomb would cause c a s u a l t i e s among 50-55$ of t h e population; 70-90$ i f a 100 kiloton bomb were used. Approximately 40-60$ of population would become c a s u a l t i e s i f a 20 kiloton bomb were used against HMO Dockyard; 55-80$ i f a 100 kiloton bomb were used* An a t t a c k on the Ocean Terminals and f a c i l i t i e s would r e s u l t in 30-45$ c a s u a l t i e s by a 20 kiloton bomb; 55-75$ by a 100 kiloton boirib. In a l l cases damage to Vital Points would be high. A nighttime attack by ah airborne atomic bomb could r e s u l t i n c a s u a l t i e s among 55-75$ of the population* depending on conditions of warning and rescue; 75-95$ i f a iOO kiloton bomb were used. An attack on V i t a l poihts by a 20 Kiloton bouin would cause c a s u a l t i d s among 45^60$ of the popvilation; 65-90$ it a 100 kiloton bomb were used. Approximately 40-60$ of the population would become c a s u a l t i e s i s a 20 kiloto n bomb were used against HMC Dockyard; 60-85$ if a 100 kiloton bomb were used. An a t t a c k on the Ocean Terminals and f a c i l i t i e s would r e s u l t i n 25-40$ c a s u a l t i e s by a 20 kiloton bomb; 50-60$ by a 100 kiloton bomb. In a l l cases damage t o Vital Points would be high. (a) Effects on Population The effect of an attack on the daytime and nighttime population is given in Tables I and II for each Aiming Point and for different conditions of warning and rescue, (b) Effects on Vital Points A summary of the effect on Vital Points is given in Table III for each Aiming Point. The extent of damage to Vital Points and the effect on their various functions is also described below for each of the Aiming Points. The relative importance of each Vital Point to the Canadian - U.S. war effort is indicated by the category (AA, A, B, or C ) , vihich is given for each Vital Point in Appendix "A". A definition of each of the categories is also given in Appendix w A n . �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 4 (c) Detailed Discussion of an Attack on iiach of the Aiming Points Effeot of a Burst over Aiming Point #I-D - Chosen to give maximum effect on population by a 20 kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 55-70$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). Damage to Vital Points is described below: Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Cossor (Canada) Limited - Category B No damage other than superficial would be caused to the building or-contents by blast and the probability of fire is low, Approxiuately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Shipbuilding and Repairing Halifax Shipyards Limited (Halifax) - Category A No damage other than superficial vovLlfcl be caused to the shops or equipment by blast and the probability of fire is lowi Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Halifax Shipyards Limited (Dartmouth) - Category A Slight structural building damage v«ould be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. It is likely that most equipment would not be damaged. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Electric Power Fuel Station, Nova Scotia Light and Power Station - Category A Building and equipment would be t o t a l l y destroyed by b l a s t and f i r e . Approximately 30-65$ of t h e shift on duty would be k i l l e d or seriously injured. Coromunicat ions - Telephonic Maritime Telephone And Telegraph Company, Main Exchange Category A Building and contents would be totally destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Communications - Transmission and Reception Cable Station, Canadian Overseas Telecommunication Corp. Category A Very severe structural damage would be caused by blast and fire would probably cause complete destruction. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000623 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY ** 5 *"• Po-Tt of Halifax (excluding Naval Facilities) Wharves ahd Piers No serious blast damage would be caused to any wharves and piers by this attack. Transit Sheds Severe damage would be caused to transit sheds. Damage to the most important sheds only is described below. Destroyed - transit sheds # 25 and 28 on Pier A, sheds # 23 and 24, sheds # 20 and 21 and 22 on Seawall; sheds on iPier 2, Pier 3, Pier 4 and the sheds of Furness Withy and Acadia Sugar would be destroyed by blast and fire. Serious damage - would be caused to the sheds # 26, 27 and 28 on Pier A, and Dartmouth Pier, by blast and fire. Moderate damage - would be caused to the sheds on Pier B,' Pier 9 and 9A, and Jetty # 6. Coal and Oil Bunkering No serious damage would be caused to any of the Coal & Oil jetties or bunkering facilities. Shipbuilding and Repairing The Graving Dock would not be damaged by this type Of attack. No damage would be caused to the floating Dry. Dock, Damage to Halifax Shipyards Limited is described above. Grain Elevators and Cold Storage No structural blast damage is likely to be caused either to the National Harbour Board Grain Elevator or boid Storage plant but the probability of fire damage to both is high. Shippi.ng (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk - no ships would be sunk or destroyed by this attack. Immobilized - only ships berthed at the Cunard'. Pior might be immobilized. Slight damage - ships berthed between Pier B on the east and Pier 4 on the west or anchored between these limits in the Halifax side of .the channel would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. HMO Dockyard For the purpose of this attack the buildings in this area have been grouped under the headings of Administration, Stores, and Workshops. Damage to only the most importantbuildings in each of these categories is described below. The most important Administration Building is the Flag Officer Atlantic Command Headquarters, The most important Stores are buildings # 40, 40A, 44 and 66 all of which contain vital Naval Stores. Buildings # 17 and 18 Combined Electric Shops, Building # 19 - the North Machine Shop, Building # 59 - the Shipwright Boat Shop, Building # 105 - Boiler and Plate Shop and Building # 108 - Combined Shop make up the most important Workshops. In general the effect of blast on the buildings in this area would not be severe and the probability that serious fire damage would be caused is not high. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 6 Administration Flag Officer Atlantic Command Headquarters - this building would not be damaged structurally by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Stores Moderate structural damage would be caused to building # 66 and stores by blast and fire. No blast damage other than superficial would be caused to buildings # 40, 40A and 44 and the probability of fire is low. Workshops Serious damage would be caused to Shipwright's Boat Shop (building # 59) and equipment if fire were to occur. Moderate damage would be caused to buildings # 17, 18, 19, 105 and 108. Wharves and Piers No serious blast damage would be caused to the Royal Canadian Naval Jetties by this attack. HMCS Stadacona In general the effect of blast on buildings in this area wbuld not be serious and the probability of seriovts fire damage is not high* Naval Armament t)efc04t *• Dartmouth No serious damage would be caused by blast or fire* Effeot of a Burst Over Aiming point ,fep - .Ckogsh to give maximum effect on population by a 100 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 70-90$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II), Damage to Vital Points is described below: Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Cossor (Canada) Limited - Category B Moderate structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage to the building and contents from fire. Approximately 15-30$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Shipbuilding and Repairing Halifax Shipyards Limited (Halifax) - Category A Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage to the shops and equipment from fire. Approximately 15-30$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously Halifei Shipyards Limited (Dartmouth) - Category A Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage to the Shops and equipment from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000625 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 7 Electric Power Fuel Power Station, Nova Scotia Light and Power Station Category A Building and equipment would be t o t a l l y destroyed by t h i s attack . Approximately 65-90$ of the s h i f t on duty would be k i l l e d or seriously injured. Communications - Telephonic Maritime Telegraph and Telephone Co, Main Exchange Category A Building and contents would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Communications - Transmission and Reception Cable Station, Canadian Overseas Telecommunications Corporation - Category A Building and contents would be destroyed by blast ahd fire* Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured* Port of Halifax (excluding Naval Facilities) Wharves and Piers No serious blast damage would be caused to wharves and piers. Transit Sheds Alirid&t a l l t r a n s i t sheds would be coinpletely destroyed by blast and fire. Coal,and Oil Bunkering Little oi1 no serious damage would be caused to the maj oi1 bunkSring facilities. Shipbuilding and Repairing The Graving Dock would not be damaged by this type of attack. No damage would be caused to the floating Dry Dock. Damage to Halifax Shipyards Limited is described above. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk - no ships would be sunk or destroyed by this attack. Immobilized - all ships berthed or anchored between Pier 2 on the west and Berth 30 on the east would be immobilized. Slight damage - all ships berthed or anchored within Halifax Harbour westward to the Graving Dock of Halifax Shipyards Limited would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. HMC Dockyard For the purpose of this attack the buildings in this area have been grouped under the headings of Administration, Stores, and Workshops. Damage to only the most important buildings in each of these categories is described below. The most important Administration Building is the Flag Officer Atlantic Command Headquarters. The most important stores are Buildings # 40, 4QA, 44 and 66 all of which contain vital Naval Stores. Building # 17 and 18 - Combined Electric Shops, Building # 19 - the North Machine Shop, Building # 59 - the Shipwright Boat Shop, Building # 105 - Boiler and Plate Shop and Building # 108 - Combined Shop make up the most important Workshops. 000626 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 8 In general the effect of blast on buildings in this area would range from slight (well constructed multistorey structure) to severe (workshops, sheds etc)* There is a probability of serious fire damage in this area. Administration Flag Officer Atlantic Command Headquarters - slight structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of further damage to building and contents from fire. Stores Serious damage would be caused to the most important stores buildings by a combination of blast and fire. Workshops Damage to the most important workshops and equipment would range from serious to total. Wharves and Piers No serious damage would be caused to the Royal Canadian Navy Jetties by this attack. HMCS Stadacona In general the structures in this area would receive from slight to moderate structural damage from blast and there is a probability of serious damage from fire. Naval Armament Depot Slight structural building damage wauld be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage to buildings and contents from firet Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point #I-N - Chosen to give maximum effeot on nighttime distribution of population by a 20 kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 50-75$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). Damage to Vital Points is described below: Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Cossor (Canada) Limited - Category B Building and contents would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 30-65$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Shipbuilding and Repairing Halifax Shipyards Limited (Halifax) - Category A Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage to shops and equipment from fire. Approximately 60-70$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Halifax Shipyards Limited (Dartmouth) - Category A No serious damage would be caused by blast or fire. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000627 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 9 Electric Power Fuel Power Station, Nova Scotia Light & Power Station Category A Slight structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage to plant and equipment frcm fire. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Communications - Telephonic Maritime Telegraph & Telephone Company, Main Exchange Category A No serious damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of damage from fire. Approximately ,5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Communications - Transmission and Reception Cable Station, Canadian Overseas Telecommunications Corporation - Category A No serious damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of damage from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Port of Halifag (excluding Naval Facilities) Wharves ana Piers No serious blast damage woiild be caudfed to atiy wharves and piers* Transit Sheds Damage to transit sheds could generally be described as moderate. Damage to the most important sheds only is described below: Destroyed - the shed on Pier # 6 would be destroyed by this attack. Serious damage would be caused to sheds on Pier 4, Piers 9 and 9A and Dartmouth Pier. Moderate damage - would be caused to sheds # 25 and 28 on Pier A, to sheds # 23 and 24, and the Irving Oil shed. Slight Damage - would be caused to shed # 20 on the Seawall and Acadia Sugar shed. Little or no damage would be caused to other major sheds in Halifax, Coal and Oil Bunkering No serious blast damage would be caused to any of the Coal or Oil jetties or bunkering facilities. Shipbuilding and Repairing The Graving Dock would not be damaged by this type of attack. No damage would be caused to the floating Dry Dock. Damage to Halifax Shipyards Limited is described abow. Grain Elevators and Cold Storage No serious blast damage would be caused to either the Grain Elevator or Cold Storage Plants and the probability of fire is low. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk or immobilized - ships berthed between the Machine Shop Wharf on the west and the jetty of Furness Withy on the east or anchored between these limits in the Halifax side of the channel wouldfceceiveslight damage to superstructure and external equipment. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - i o ii HMC Dockyard For the purpose of this attack the buildings in this area have been grouped iinder the headings of Administration/ Stores, and Workshops. Damage to only the most important buildings in each of these categories is described below. The most important Administration Building is the Flag Officer Atlantic Command Headquarters. The most important Stores are Buildings # 40j 40A, 44 and 66 all of which contain Vital Naval > Stores. Buildings # 17 and 18 - Combined Electric Shops, Building # 19 - the North Machine Shop, Building # 59 the Shipwright Boat Shop. Building # 105 - Boiler and Plate Shop and Building # 108 - Combined Shop make up the most important Workshops. In general the effect of blast on buildings in this area would range from slight (well constructed multistorey structure) to serious (single storey buildings shops) and there is a probability that a serious fire might occur. Administration Flag Officer Atlantic Command Headquarters - this building wbuld receive only slight structural damage frbin blast but there is a probability of serious damage to buildings and contents from fire* Stores No structural blast damage would be caused to building # 66 but slight structural damage would be caused to building^ # 40, 40A and 44. There is a probability of serious fire damage to all these buildings. Workshops All important workshops and equipment would be seriously damaged by blast and fire. Wharves and Piers No serious damage would be caused to the Royal Canadian Navy Jetties by blast. HMCS Stadacona In general building damage in this area would range from moderate (well constructed multi-storey buildings) to severe (single storey structures). Naval Armament Depot No serious blast damage would be caused and the probability of fire damage is not high. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point #I-N - Chosen to give maximum effect on nighttime distribution of population by a 100 kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 75-95$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). Damage to Vital Points is described below: 000629 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 11 Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Cossor (Canada) Limited - Category B Plant and equipment would be totally destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 65-85$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Shipbuilding and Repairing Halifax Shipyards Limited (Halifax) - Category A Shops and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 80-85$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Halifax Shipyards Limited (Dartmouth) - Category A Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage to shops and equipment from fire;. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. jflfrdtrid, t'ow.^r Fuel Power Station, Nova Scotia Light & Power Station Category A Very severe structural damage i/rould be caused by blast and there is a probability that fire would cause complete destruction. Approximately 35-60$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Communications - Telephonic Maritime Telegraph and Telephone Company, Main Exchange Category A Moderate structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of serious fire damage is high. Approximately 10-15$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Comiuuni cat ions - Transmission and Reooption Cable Station, Canadian Overseas Telecommunications Corporation - Category A Serious structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of further damage from fire is high. Approximately 10-15$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Port of Halifax (excluding Naval Facilities) Wharves and Piers No serious damage would be caused to wharves and piers by this attack. Transit Sheds Moderate damage to the most important sheds only is described below: Destroyed - sheds # 25 and 28 on Pier A, sheds # 23 and 24, sheds on the Dartmouth Pier and Piers # 9 and 9A and Jetty # 6, and the sheds of Irving Oil and Acadia Sugar would be destroyed by this attack. Serious damage - would be caused to shed # 29, sheds # 20, 21 and 22 on the Seawall, the sheds on Pier # 3, and of Furness Withy would be severely damaged by blast and fire. Moderate damage - would be caused to the transit shed on Pier B, and sheds # 26 and 27 on Pier A. Slight damage - would be caused to the shed on Pier 2. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 12 Coal and Oil Bunkering No serious blast damage would be caused to any of the Coal or Oil jetties or bunkering facilities. Shipbuilding and Repairing The Graving Dock vrould not be damaged by this type of attack. No damage would be caused to the floating Dry Dock, Damage to Halifax Shipyards Limited is described above. Grain Elevators and Cold Storage No structural blast damage would be caused to the Grain Elevator but there is a probability of serious damage to the National Harbour Board Cold Storage Plant from both blast and fire. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk - no ships would be sunk or destroyed by this attack. Immobilized - ships berthed or anchored between Pier 2 on the east and the jetties of HMC Dockyard would be seriously damaged or immobilized. Slight damage - all ships berthed or anchored east of Pier A on the Halifax side of the Harbour and the jetties of Halifax Shipyards Limited on the Dartmouth side would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. HMC Dockyard For the purpose of this attack the buildings in this area have been grouped under the headings of Administration, Stores, and Workshops. Damage to only the most important buildings in each of these categories is described below. The most important Administration Building is the Flag Officer Atlantic Command Headquarters. The most important Stores ase Buildings # 40, 4QA, 44 and 66 all of which contain Vital Naval Stores. Buildings # 17 and 18 - Combined Electric Shops, Building # 19 - the North Machine Shop, Building # 59 - the Shipwright Boat Shop. Building # 105 Boiler and Plate Shop and Building # 108 - Combined Shop make up the most important Workshops. In general the effect of blast alone on buildings would be severe and there is a high probability of fire. Admi ni st r ati on Flag Officer Atlantic Command Headquarters - this building would receive serious structural damage from blast and there is a high probability of further damage to building and contents from fire. Stores Moderate to severe structural building damage would be caused by blast and the probability of further serious damage to building and stores would be high. Workshops Workshops and equipment would receive from severe to total damage from blast and fire. Wharves and Piers No serious blast damage would be caused to Royal Canadian Naval Jetties with the exception of Jetty 2. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP 3ECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 13 HMCS Stadacona Most buildings in this area would be destroyed by blast and fire. Naval'. Armament Depot - Dartmouth Buildings in this area would receive moderate structural damage from blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen to give maximum effect on Vital points by a 20 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would casualties among 50-55$ of the population depending on tions of warning and rescue. A nighttime attack would casualties among 45-60$ of the population depending on tions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). cause condicause condi- Damage to Vital Points is described below: Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Cossor (Canada) Limited - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of damage from fire. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Shipbuilding and Repairing Halifax Shipyards Limited (Halifax) - Category A Moderate structural damage would be caused by b]ast and there is a probability of further damage to shops and equipment from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured, Halifax Shipyards Limited (Dartmouth) - Category A Serious structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage to shops and equipment from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Electric Power Fuel Power Station, Nova Scotia Light & Power Station Category A Building and equipment would be destroyed by a combination of blast and fire. Approximately 30-65$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Communications - Telephonic Maritime Telegraph and Telephone Company, Main Exchange Category A Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of further damage to building and equipment is high. Approximately 15-25$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000632 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 14 Communications - Transmission and Reception Cable Station, Canadian Overseas Telecommunications Corporation - Category A Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of further damage from fire is high. Approximately 45-65$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Port of Halifax (excluding Naval Facilities) Wharves and Piers No serious blast damage would be caused to wharves and piers with the exception of pier 4. Transit Sheds Damage to the most important sheds only is described below. Destroyed - sheds # 25 and 28 on Pier A, sheds # 23 and 24, the sheds on Pier 2, Pier 3, Pier 4, Jetty § 6 and Dartmouth Pier and the sheds of Acadia Sugar would be destroyed. Serious damage - would be caused to sheds # 20 and 24 on the Seawall, and the sheds on Pier 9 and 9A and Dartmouth Pier. Moderate damage - would occur to sheds # 22 on the Seawall. Slight damage - would be caused to shed # 29, sheds # 26 and 27 on Pier A, and the shed on Pier B. Coal and Oil Bunkering No serious blast damage would be caused to any of the Coal or Oil jetties or bunkering facilities. Shipbuilding and Repairing The Graving Dock would not be damaged by this type of attack. No damage would be caused to the floating Dry Dock. Damage to Halifax Shipyards Limited is described above. Grain Elevators and Cold Storage No structural damage would be caused by blast to either the National Harbour Grain Elevator or Cold Storage facilities but there is a probability of damage from fire. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk - ships berthed at Piers 2 and 3, and 4 would be sunk or destroyed. Immobilized - ships berthed or anchored between the Furness Withy Jstty on the east and HMC Dockyard on the west would be immobilized by this attack. Slight damage - ships berthed or anchored between the Cunard Wharf on the east and Jetty # 6 on the west would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. HMC Dockyard For the purpose of this attack the buildings in this area have been grouped under the headings of Administration, Stores, and Workshops. Damage to only the most important buildings in each of these categories is described below. The most important Administration Building is the Flag Officer Atlantic Command Headquarters. The most important Stores are Buildings # 40, 40A, 44 and 66 all of which contain vital Naval Stores. Buildings # 17 and 18 - Combined Electric �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP .SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY ii 15 "» Shops, Building # 1 9 - the North Machine Shop* Building # 59 - the Shipwright Boat Shop^ Building # 105 - Boiler and Plate Shop and Building # 108 Combined Shop make up the most important Workshops. I n general the effect of blast on buildings in this area would range from slight (single storey shops and sheds) to total and there is a probability that serious fire would occur. Administration Flag Officer Atlantic Command Headquarters - slight structural blast damage would occur but there is a probability of damage to building and contents from fire. Stores Stores building # 66 would be destroyed b y blast and fire. Buildings # 4 0 , 40A and 4 4 would receive slight structural blast damage but there is a probability of damage t o buildings and contents from fire. Wharves and Piers No serious blast damage would be caused by this attack. HMCS Stadacona Moderate structural damage xrould be caused b y blast to buildings in this area and there is a probability that fire would occur. Naval Armament D6.-,ot - Dartmouth N o serious blast damage would be caused and the probability of fire damage is not high. Effeot of a Burst over Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen t o give maximum effect o n Vital Points b y a 1 0 0 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack o n this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 70-90$ of the population depending o n conditions of warning and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause casualties among 65-90$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and I I ) , Damage t o Vital Points is described below: Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Oossor (Canada) Limited - Category B Moderate structural damage would b e caused b y blast and there is a probability of further damage to building and contents from fire. Approximately 25-60$ o f t h e shift o n duty would b e killed o r seriously injured. Shipbuildi ng and Repairing Halifax Shipyards limited (Halifax) - Category A Shops and equipment would be destroyed b y blast and fire. Approximately 15-30$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Halifax Shipyards Limited (Dartmouth) - Category A Shops and equipment vould be destroyed b y blast and fire. Approximately 15-30$ of the shift o n duty would b e killed or seriously injured. 000634 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 16 Electric Power . Fuel Power Station - Nova Scotia Light and Power Station Category A Building and equipment would be destroyed. Approximately 65-90$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Communications - Telephonic Maritime Telegraph and Telephone Company, Main Exchange Category A Building and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 45-65$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Communications - Transmission and Reception Cable Station, Canadian Overseas Telecommunications Corporation - Category A Building and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Port of Halifax (excluding Naval Facilities) Wharves and Piers No serious structural blast damage would be caused except to Pier 4 and the Acadia Sugar Jetty. Transit Sheds All the important transit sheds would be destroyed by blast and fire with the exception of the sheds on Pier B and sheds of Irving Oil which would be seriously damaged. Coal and Oil Bunkering Little or no serious damage would be caused to the major bunkering facilities. Shipbuilding and Repairing The Graving Dock would not be damaged by this type of attack. No damage would be caused to the floating Dry Dock. Damage to Halifax Shipyards Limited is described above. Grain Elevators and Cold Storage Structural blast damage to the National Harbour Board Grain Elevator and Cold Storage facilities would not be serious but there is a probability of damage to both from fire. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk - ships berthed between the HMC Dockyard and the Furness Withy would be sunk. Immobilized - ships berthed or anchored east of Cunard Wharf and the Graving Dock would be immobilized by this attack. Slight damage « ships berthed or anchored in the harbour or channel east of Pier 4 would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 17 HMC Dockyard For the purpose of this attack the buildings in this area have been grouped under the headings of Administration, Stores, and Workshops. Damage to only the most important buildings in each of these categories is described below. The most important Administration Building is the Flag Officer Atlantic Command Headquarters. The most important Stores are Buildings # 40, 40A, 44 and 66 all of which contain vital Naval Stores. Buildings # 17 and 18 - Combined Electric Shops, Building # 19 - the North Machine Shop, Building # 59 - the Shipwright Boat Shop, Building # 105 Boiler and Plate Shop and Building # 108 - Combined Shop make up the most important Workshops. In general structural blast damage in this area would range from serious (well constructed multistorey structures) to total (single storey buildings stores) and there is a high probability that serious fire would occur. Administration Flag Officer Atlantic Command Headquarters - serious blast damage would be caused and there would likely be further serious damage from fire. Stores Stores building # 66 would be destroyed by blast. Buildings # 40, 4QA and 44 would receive moderate structural damage from blast and the probability of further damage from fire is high. Workshops All workshops and equipment would be totally destroyed by blast and fire. HMCS Stadacona Buildings in this area would receive serious! structural damage from blast and there is a high probability of fire. Naval Armament Depot - Dartmouth Buildings in this area would receive moderate structural damage from blast and the probability of fire is high. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 3 - Chosen to give maximum effeot on BMC Dockyard by a 20 kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 40-60$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause casualties among 40-60$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). Damage to Vital Points is described below* �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 18 Aircraft and Aircraft Partis Cossor (Canada) Limited - Category B Slight structural damage would be caused by blast but therS is a probability of damage to the building and contents from fire. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Shipbuilding and-Repairing Halifax Shipyards Limited (Halifax) - Category A Shops and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 60-70$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Halifax Shipyards Limited (Dartmouth) - Category A Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 60-70$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Electric Power Fuel Power Station, Nova Scotia Light and Power Station Category A Slight s t r u c t u r a l damage would be caused by b l a s t and there i s a probability of further damage t o building and contents from f i r e . Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty vould. be k i l l e d or seriously injured. Communications - Telephonic Maritime Telegraph and Telephone Company - Category A Little or no serious damage would be caused by blast but there is a probabioity of damage from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty vould be killed or seriously injured. Communications - Transmission and Reception Cable Station, Canadian Overseas Telecommunications Corporation - Category A Slight structural damage would be caused by blast but the probability of damage from fire is high. Approximately 15-30$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Port of Halifax (excluding Naval Facilities) Wharves and Piers Pier 4 would receive serious damage from blast. Other major piers and wharves would not be seriously damaged. Transit Sheds Damage to the most important sheds only is described below: Destroyed - sheds on Piers 3 and 4, Piers 9 and 9A, Jetty # 6 and the sheds of Acadia Sugar and Furness Withy would be destroyed by blast or fire. Serious damage - would be caused to the shed on Pier 2, Moderate damage - would be caused to transit sheds # 25 and 28 on Pier A, sheds # 23 and 24 and the sheds of Irving Oil would be moderately damaged by blast and fire. Little or no damage would be caused to sheds # 26 and 27 on Pier A and sheds # 2 0 , 21 and 22 on the Seawall, 000637 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY ** 19 « Coal and Oil Bunkering Little or no serious damage would be caused to the major bunkering facilities. Shipbuilding ahd Repairing The Graving Dock would not be damaged by this type of attack* No damage would be caused to the floating Dry Dock, Damage to Halifax Shipyards Limited is described above. Grain Elevators and Cold Storage Little or no damage would be caused to either the Grain Elevator or the National Harbour Board Cold Storage facilities. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk - all ships berthed or at anchor in the vicinity of the HMC Dockyard Jetties would be sunk or destroyed. Immobilized - ships berthed or anchored between Pier 2 on the east and the Machine Shop Wharf on the west would be immobilized. Slight damage - ships berthed between the jetty of Furness Withy on the east and Jetty # 7 on the west or anchored in the harbour within these limits would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. HMC Dockyard For the purpose of this attack the buildings in this area have been grouped under the headings of Administration, Stores, and Workshops, Damage to only the most important buildings in each of these categories is described below. The most important Administration Building is the Flag Officer Atlantic Command Headquarters. The most important Stores are Buildings # 40, 40A, 44 and 66 all of which contain vital Naval Stores. Buildings # 17 and 18 - Combined Electric Shops, Building # 19 - the North Machine Shop, Building # 59 the Shipwright Boat Shop, Building # 105 - Boiler and Plate Shop and Building # 108 - Combined Shop make up the most important Workshops. In general the effect of this attack on HMC Dockyard would be complete destruction of buildings from blast alone and serious damage would be caused to all jetties with the exception of Jetty # 3. HMCS Stadacona The buildings in this area would be destroyed by blast and fire. Naval Armament Depot - Dartmouth Almost total structural damage would be caused to buildings and equipment by this attack. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 20 Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 3 - Chosen to give maximvim effect on HMC Dockyard by a 100 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 55-80$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause casualties among 60-85$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II), Damage to Vital Points is described below: Aircraft and Aircraft ffafrta CossOr (Canada) Limited - Category B Building and OOntents would be almost completely destroyedi Approximately 25-60$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Shipbuilding and Repairing Halifax Shipyards Limited (Halifax) - Category A Shops and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 80-85$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Halifax Shipyards Limited (Dartmouth) - Category A Shops and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 80-85$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Electric Power Fuel Power Station, Nova Scotia Light and Power Station Category A Building and equipment would be severely damaged by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 25-60$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Communications - Telephonic Maritime Telegraph & Telephone Company, Main Exchange Category A Moderate structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of further damage from fire is high. Approximately 10-15$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Communications - Transmission and Reception Cable Station, Canadian Overseas Telecommunications Corporation Category A Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of further damage from fire is high. Approximately 45-65$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000639 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 21 Port of Halifax (excluding Naval Facilities) Wharves and Piers Damage to the most important wharves and piers would not be serious. Serious damage would be caused, however, to Dartmouth Pier^ the pier of Furness Withy and the Machine Shop Wharf. Transit Sheds Damage to the most important sheds only is described below: Destroyed - sheds # 25 and 28 on Pier A, sheds • # 23 and 24, sheds on Piers 2, 3 and 4, the sheds on Piers 9 and 9A, Dartmouth Pier and Jetty # 6 and the sheds of Furness Withy, Acadia Sugar and Irving Oil would be destroyed by this attack. Serious damage - would be caused to sheds # 20, 21 and 22 on the Seawall, Moderate damage - would be caused to sheds on Pier B, shed # 29, and sheds # 26 and 27 on Pier A. Coal and Oil Bunkering Little or no serious damage would be caused to the major bunkering facilities. Shipbuilding and Repairing The Graving Dock vould not be damaged by this type of attack. No damage would be caused to the floating Dry Dock. Damage to Halifax Shipyards Limited is described above. Grain Elevators and Cold Storage No serious blast damage would be caused tb the Grain Elevators but there is a probability of damage from fire. Slight structural blast damage would be caused to the Cold Storage Plant and there is a probability of damage from fire. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk - all ships berthed or anchored between Pier # 4 on the east and the Graving Dock on the west would be sunk or destroyed. Immobilized - all ships berthed or at anchor within the limits of the Furness Withy Jetty on the east and Jetty # 7 on the west would be immobilized. Slight damage - all ships berthed or at anchor west of the Seawall would receive slight damage to super* structure and external equipment. EMC Dockyard All buildings and equipment in the HMC Dockyard area would be totally destroyed by blast and fire. Damage to the Navy jetties would be severe with the exception of jetty # 3. HMCS Stadacona Buildings and equipment in this area would be destroyed by blast and fire. Naval Armament Depot - Dartmouth Buildings and equipment in this area would be destroyed by blast and fire. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 22 Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 4 - Chosen to give maximum effect on Commercial Harbour by a 20 kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 30-45$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause casualties among 25-40$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). Damage to Vital Points is described below: Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Cossor (Canada) Limited - Category B This plant would receive no serious damage. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Shipbuilding and Repairing Halifax Shipyards Limited (Halifax) - Category A Shops and equipment would receive no serious damage. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Halifax Shipyards Limited (Dartmouth) - Category A Slight structural damage would be caused by blast but the probability of further damage from fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Electric Power Fuel Power Station, Nova Scotia Light and Power Station Category A Building and equipment would be completely destroyed by blast and fire and 100$ of the shift on duty vould be killed. Communications - Telephonic Maritime Telegraph & Telephone Company, Main Exchange Category A Building and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Communications - Transmission and Reception Cable Station, Canadian Overseas Telecommunications Corporation Category A Serious structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is high. Approximately 15-25$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000641 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 23 Port of Halifax (excluding Naval Facilities) Wharves and Piers No serious damage would be caused to the most important wharves and piers by this attack. Transit Sheds Damage to the most important sheds only is described below: Destroyed - all sheds on Pier A, Pier B, sheds # 20, 21 and 22 on the Seawall, sheds # 2 3 , 24 and 29, sheds on Pier 4 and the sheds of Acadia Sugar would be destroyed by this attack. Serious damage - would be caused to the sheds of Furness Withy and the shed on Dartmouth Pier. Moderate damage - would be caused to the sheds on Pier 3. Little or no damage would be caused to the other important transit sheds. Coal and Oil Bunkering Little or no serious damage would be caused to the major bunkering facilities. Shipbuilding and Repairing The Graving Dock would not be damaged by this type of attack. No damage would be caused to the floating Dry Dock, Damage to Halifax Shipyards Limited is described above. Grain Elevators and Cold Storage Severe structural damage would be caused to both the National Harbour Board Grain Elevators and Cold Storage Plant facilities by blast and the probability of further severe damage from fire is high. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk - ships berthed at the seawall would be sunk or destroyed. Immobilized - ships berthed or anchored between berth 30 on the east and the Cunard Wharf on the west would be immobilized. Slight damage - ships berthed or anchored within the harbour westward of Pier 2 would receive slight damage to superstructure^and external equipment. HMC Dockyard None of the most important buildings in this area would be damaged structurally by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. None of the jetties in this area would be damaged. HMOS Stadacona Buildings in this area would not be damaged structurally by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Naval Armament Depot - Dartmouth Buildings in this area would not be damaged structurally by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. 000642 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 24 Effeot of a Burst over Aiming Point # 4 - Chosen to give maximum effect on Commercial Harbour by a 100 kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 55-75$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue. A nighttime attack would cause casualties among 50-60$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). Damage to Vital Points is described below: Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Cossor (Canada) Limited - Category B Very slight structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Shipbuilding and Repairing Halifax Shipyards Limited (Halifax) - Category A Moderate structural damage would be caused by blast but the probability of further damage from fire is low. Approximately 5$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Halifax Shipyards Limited (Dartmouth) - Category A Serious structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability cf further damage to shops and equipment from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Electric Power Fuel Power Station, Nova Scotia Light and Power Station Category A Building and equipment would be completely destroyed and 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. Communications - Telephonic Maritime Telegraph and Telephone Company, Main ExchangeCategory A Building and contents would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Communications - Transmission and Reception Cable Station, Canadian Overseas Telecommunications Corporation - Category A Building and equipment would be almost completely destroyed by b l a s t and f i r e . Approximately 45-65$ of the s h i f t on duty would be k i l l e d or seriously injured. 000643 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 25 Port of Halifax (excluding Naval Facilities) Wharves and Piers No serious damage would be caused to the most important piers by this attack. Transit Sheds Damage to the most important sheds only is described below: Destroyed - all sheds on Pier A, sheds on Pier B, sheds # 23, 24 and 29, sheds # 20, 21 and 22 on the Seawall, sheds on Pier 3 and Pier 4 and the sheds of Furness Withy and Acadia Sugar wouldbe destroyed. Serious damage - would be caused to the sheds on Pier 2, Pier 9 and 9A and Jetty # 6. Moderate damage - would be caused to the sheds of Irving Oil. Coal and Oil Bunkering Little or no serious damage would be caused to the major bunkering facilities. Shipbuilding and Repairing The Graving Dock would not be damaged by this type of attack. No damage would be caused to the floating Dry Dock. Damage to Halifax Shipyards Limited is described above. Grain Elevators and Cold Storage Severe blast damage would be caused to both the National Harbour Board Grain Elevator and Cold Storage Plant facilities and the probability of fire is high. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk - ships berthed or anchored between pier A on the east and the privately owned jetties beyond the Seawall on the west would be sunk or destroyed. Immobilized - ships berthed as far west as the jetty of Furness Withy and anchored within these limits on the Halifax side of the channel would be immobilized. Slight damage - ships berthed or anchored as far west as the jetties of HMC Dockyard would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. HMC Dockyard For the purpose of this attack the buildings in this area have been grouped under the headings of Administration, Stores, and Workshops. Damage to only the most important buildings in each of these categories is described below. The most important Administration Building is the Flag Officer Atlantic Command Headquarters. The most important Stores are Buildings # 40, 40A, 44 and 66 all of which contain vital Naval Stores. Buildings # 17 and 18 - Combined Electric Shops, Building # 19 - the North Machine Shop, Building # 59 - the Shipwright Boat Shop, Building # 105 Border and Plate Shop and Building # 108 - Combined Shop make up the most important Workshops. In general structural blast damage to buildings would range from slight (well constructed multi-storey structures) to severe (single storey shops and sheds etc) and there is a probability that serious fire might occur in this area. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY « 26 Administration Flag Officer Atlantic Command Headquarters - no structural blast damage would be caused but there is a probability of damage from fire. Stores Slight structural damage would be caused to buildings # 40 and 66 by blast. There is a probability of fire damage in all important stores buildings. Workshops Serious damage would be caused to all major workshops by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Wharves and Piers No serious blast damage would be caused to the Royal Canadian Navy jetties by this attack. HMCS Stadaoona Little or no structural building damage would be caused by blast but the probability of damage from fire is high. Naval Armament Depot - Dartmouth Little or no structural building damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of damage from fire. (d) Effects on Morale It is expected that the effect on morale in large centres of popvilation in Canada, and at least the northern parts of the United States, would be much the same whichever city is attacked by an atomic bomb. The effect will probably be somewhat proportionate to the size of the casualties inflicted by individual bombs and by the number of cities attacked, VI Air Navigation Aspects of an Attack With the equipment at present available to the Russian Long Range Air Force, Halifax would not be a difficult target to locate on either a high or low level attack under most weather conditions for a well trained navigator not familiar with the area. Accuracy in identifying specific Aiming Points is a more critical aspect. However the Vital Points are spread over the built up area and an atomic explosion over almost any part of the centre of the city would cause serious damage to both Vital Points and Population, though of a lesser magnitude than described by this report. 000645 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TABLE I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES - CITY OF HALIFAX CANADIAN EYES QNL1 DAYTIME ATTACK 100 Kiloton Bomb 20 Kiloton Bomb Daytime Attack Attack Aiming Point ;f I.- Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population During a Daytime Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - NO Rescue 57,800 11,100 5,200 No Warning - No Rescue 81,400 9,800 4,500 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 38,000 19,800 9,800 No Warning - With Rescue 58,700 21,300 8,600 With Warning - With Rescue 30,500 15,700 10,500 With Warning - With Rescue 49,100 16,000 8,700 No Warning - No Rescue 81,100 10,200 4,600 Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on V i t al P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue 43,900 12,000 7,300 No Warning - With Rescue 33,200 20,000 11,800 No Warning - With Rescue 53,700 22,600 9,000 With Warning - With Rescue 25,800 15,700 11,000 With Warning - With Rescue 46,300 16,200 8,600 ...* 2 000646 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES - CITY OF HALIFAX TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY DAYTIME ATTACK 100 Kiloton Boirib 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Aiming P o i n t # 3 - Chos en t o Give Maximum Effect on HMC Dockyard Killed Seriously Injured No Warning - No Rescue 72,300 11,300 11,900 No Warning - With Rescue 45,300 24,000 10,400 With Warning - V/ith Rescue. 35,100 16,800 8,500 Killed Seriously Injured No Warning - No Rescue 40,900 12,100 8,500 No V/arning - With Rescue 21,600 19,600 With Warning - With Rescue 15,800 14,200 Aiming Point # 4 Lightly In.iured lightly Injured 5,700 • 10,400 aitfStallations Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on Ocean Terminals and In.stallations No Warning - No Rescue 31,900 10,700 No Warning - with Rescue 19,300 15,100 With Warning - With Rescue 15,400 10,100 7,900 10,000 8,000 No Warning - No Rescue 64,300 11,300 6,800 No Warning - With Rescue 38,700 21,300 11,500 With Warning - With Rescue 31,100 13,700 8,400 000647 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABIE I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES - CITY OF HALIFAX TOP SECRET NIGHTTIME ATTACK 20 Kjloton Bomb CANADIAN EYES ONLY 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point # I-N - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population During a Nighttime Attack Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 57,300 9,700 4,800 No Warning - No Rescue 75,600 7,300 3,200 No Warning - With Rescue 37,200 19,500 9,400 No Warning - With Rescue 57,300 17,600 6,500 With Warning - With Rescue 29,000 15,500 10,600 With Warning - With Rescue 48,700 13,500 7,600 Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on V i t a l Points No Warning - No Rescue 43,500 10,300 6,600 No Warning - No Rescue 69,300 8,800 4,100 No Warning - With Rescue 24,800 17,800 8,300 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 45,800 20,200 8,300 With Warning - With Rescue 18,900 13,300 9,400 With Warning - With Rescue 36,700 14,000 7,500 000648 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TABLE I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES - CITY CF HALIFAX CANADIAN EYES ONLY NIGHTTIME ATTACK 100 Kiloton Bomb 20 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point # 5 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on HMC Dockyard Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 37,600 10,600 7,000 No Warning - With Rescue 19,800 17,400 10,200 With Warning - With Rescue 14,500 12,600 9,100 Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 64,900 9,200 4,600 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 41,000 20,900 9,000 With "Warning - V/ith Rescue 31,900 14,100 7,500 Aiming Point ff 4 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effeot on Ocean Terminals and I n s t a l l a t i o n s .ax-xons 10,100 5,900 No Warning - No Rescue 24,700 8,600 6,200 No Warning - No Rescue No Warning - V/ith Rescue 13,700 12,100 7,900 No Warning - With Rescue 29,700 19,200 10,100 V/ith Warning - V/ith Rescue 11,000 8,300 6,300 V/ith Warning - With Rescue 23,000 12,200 7,000 43,600 « 000649 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'infornjation TOP SECRET TABIE I I - CASUALTIES PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION X CANADIAN EYES ONLY DAYTIME ATTACK 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kiloton Boirib Aiming Point ft I-D - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population During a Daytime Killed Seriously Injured Idgitly Injured Attack Killed Serious l y Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 75 10 5 10 No Warning - With Rescue 55 20 10 10 V/ith Warning - With Rescue 45 15 10 No Warning - No Rescue 75 10 5 No Warning - No Rescue 55 10 5 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 35 20 With Warning - With Rescue 30 15 Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen t o Give Maxim. set on V i t a l Points No Warning - No Rescue 40 10 5 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 30 20 10 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 50 20 10 V/ith Warning - With Rescue 25 15 10 V/ith Warning - With Rescue 45 15 10 .•• . 2 000650 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a /'information TABLE I I - CASUALTIES AS PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION X TOP SECRET DAYTIME ATTACK ^CANADIAN EYES ONLY 20 K i l o t o n Bomb 100 Kiloto n Bomb Aiming P o i n t # 5 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on HMC Dockyard Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 40 10 10 No Warning - No Rescue 65 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 20 20 10 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 40 20 10 V/ith Warning - V/ith Rescue 05 35 10 V/ith Warning - With Rescue 30 35 10 Aiming P o i nt ft 4 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on Oceans T e r m i n a l s and Installations nstallations No Warning - No Rescue 30 10 5 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 20 35 10 V/ith Warning - V/ith Rescue 35 10 5 x Based on 108,200 w i t h i n 5 m i l e s of an Aiming P o i n t . No Warning - No Rescue 60 10 5 No Warning - V/ith' Rescue 35 20 10 With Warning - With Rescue 30 15 10 The p o p u l a t i o n of t h e m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a i s 133,900 of t h e c i t y p r o p e r i s 85,600 000651 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE II - CASUALTIES AS PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION TOP SECRET NIGHTTIME ATTACK 20 Kiloton Bomb CANADIAN EYES ONLY 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point #I-N - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population During a Nighttime Attack ghttime Attack Killed Seriously Injured Light l y Injured Killed Seriously Injured Ligitly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 80 10 5 No Warning - No Rescue 60 10 5 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 40 20 10 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 60 20 5 V/ith Warning - V/ith Rescue 30 35 10 V/ith Warning - With Rescues 50 25 10 No Warning - No Rescue 75 10 5 Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on Vital P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue 45 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 25 20 10 No Warning - With Rescue 50 20 10 V/ith Warning - With Rescue 20 15 10 V/ith Warning - With Rescue) 40 15 10 a. . . & 000652 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'inforrpation TABIE I I - CASUALTIES AS PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION X TOP tfSECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY NICHETUSE ATTACK k 100 Kiloton Boirib 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Aiming Point # 5 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on HMC Dockyard Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured No Warning - No Rescue 70 10 5 10 No Warning - With Rescue 45 20 10 10 V/ith Warning - V/ith Rescue 35 15 10 Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 40 10 10 No Warning - With Rescue 20 20 With Warning - V/ith Rescue 15 35 Aiming Point ft 4 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on Ocean T e r m i n a ls and I n s taallllaattiioonnss No Warning - No Rescue 25 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 35 35 10 V/ith Warning - With Rescue 10 10 5 x Based on 93,100 within 5 miles of an Aiming P o i n t . No Warning - No Rescue 45 10 5 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 30 20 10 With Warning - V/ith Rescue 25 15 10 The population of the metropolitan area i s 133,900 of the c i t y proper i s 85,600 000653 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TABLE I I I -.SUMMARYCF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point ft I-D - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on Population During a Daytime Attack by a 20 Kiloton Bomb V i t a l Point V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage b y B l a s t (fo) Probability of Fire Damage t o C o n t e n t s V/ith F i r e No F i r e Halifax Shipyards (Halifax side) A 0 Low 50$ Approx 0-25 Halifax Shipyards (Darmouth side) A 0 - 2 5 Low 50$ Approx 0-25 Imperial Refinery (Imperoyal) A 0 None Nova Scotia Light & Power Fuel Power Station A 100 High 100 75 - 100 Maritime Telephone & Telegraph Main Exchange A 100 Higb 100 75 - 100 Canadian Overseas Telecommunications Corp A High 100 75 - 100 Cossor (Canada) Ltd B 0 - Low Fairey Aviation Ltd B 0 None 75 - 100 50$ Approx - 0-25 0 000654 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information ActDocument divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a /'information TOP SECRET TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point ft I-D - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population During a Daytime Attack by a 100 Kiloton Boirib V i t a l Point V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage b y B l a s t (fo) Probability of Fire Damage t o (3 o n t e n t s V/ith F i r e No F i r e Halifax Shipyards (Halifax side) A 50 - 75 Med 75 - 100 50$ Approx Halifax Shipyards (Darmouth side) A 75$ Approx Med 75 - 100 50 - 75 Imperial Refinery (Imperoyal) A 0 None Nova Scotia Light & Power Fuel Power Station A 100 High 100 100 Maritime Telephone & Telegraph Main Exchange A 100 High 100 100 Canadian Overseas Telecommunications Corp A 100 High 100 100 B 25 - 50 Med 50-75 B 0 None • Cossor (Canada) Ltd Fairey Aviation Ltd Z.50 0 000655 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a /'information TABIE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES 'ONLY Aiming Point ft I-N - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population During a Nighttime Attack by a 20 Kiloton Bomb Vital Point V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage b y Blast (fo) Probability of Fire Halifax Shipyards (Halifax side) A 75 - 100 Med Halifax Shipyards (Darmouth side) A 0 None Imperial Refinery (Imperoyal) A 0 None Nova Scotia Light & Power Fuel Power Station A Z.25 Maritime Telephone & Telegraph Main Exchange A Canadian Overseas Telecommunications Corp Damage t o Contents With F i r e 75 - 100 No F i r e 75$ Approx mm 0-25 Med 50 - 75 0-25 0 Med 50 - 75 0-25 A 0 Med -50 - 75 0-25 Cossor (Canada) Ltd B 75 - 100 Hi^x 100 75 - 100 Fairey Aviation Ltd B 0 None - 0 000656 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a rinformation TOP .SECRET TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POBITS CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point ft I-N - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population During a Nighttime Attack by a 100 Kiloton Bomb Vital Point Vital Point Category Structural Damage by Blast (fo) Probability of Fire Damage to Contents With Fire No Fire Halifax Shipyards (Halifax side) A 100 High 100 Halifax Shipyards (Darmouth side) A 50 - 75 Med 75 - 100 Imperial Refinery (Imperoyal) A 0 None Nova Scotia Light & Power Fuel Power Station A 75 - 100 Med 100 Canadian Overseas Telecommunications Corp A 50$ Approx High 75 - 100 50$ Approx Maritime Telephone & Telegraph Main Exchange A 25 - 50 High 75 - 100 50$ Approx Cossor (Canada) Ltd B 100 High 100 Fairey Aviation B 0 None — 75 - 100 50$ Approx 75 - 100 100 0 000657 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SUMiARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point ft 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on V i t a l Points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb V i t a l Point V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage b y B l a s t (fo) Probability of Fire Damage t o Content s V/ith F i r e No F i r e Halifax Shipyards (Halifax side) A 25-50 Med 75 - 100 25$ Approx Halifax Shipyards (Darmouth side) A 50$ Approx Med 75 - 100 ^50$ Nova Scotia LL^it & Power Fuel Power Station A 75 - 100 Med 100 Maritime Telephone & Telegraph Main Exchange A 50$ Approx Hiijb 75 - 100 Canadian Overseas Telecommunications Corp A 100 High Imperial "Refinery (Imperoyal) A 0 None Cossor (Canada) Ltd B 0 F a i r e y Aviation Ltd B 0 75 - 100 50$ Approx 100 100 Med. 50 - 75 0 None •« 0 000658 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'infof motion TABLE I I I - STM.IARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point ft 2 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb V i t a l Point ital Point Category Structural Damage by Blast (fo) Probability of Fire Damage to Contents With Fire No Fire Halifax Shipyards (Halifax side) A 100 Hi^i 100 75 - 100 Halifax Shipyards (Darmouth side) A 100 Hi^i 100 75 - 100 Imperial Refinery (Imperoyal) A 0 None Nova Scotia Light & Power Fuel Power Station A 100 Higi 100 100 Maritime Telephone & Telegraph Main Exchange A 100 Hi^i 100 75 - 100 Canadian Overseas Telecommunications Corp A 100 High 100 100 Cossor (Canada) Ltd B Med 75 - 100 Fairey Aviation Ltd B None «. 25$ Approx 0 25$ Approx 0 000659 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'infofmation TABLE I I I - SUMMARY CF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Poin t ft 3 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t t o HMC Dockyard by a 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Vital Point V i t a l P o i nt Category Structural Damage b y B l a s t (fo) Damage t o Contents Probability of Fire With F i r e H a l i f a x Shipyards (Halifax s i d e ) A 100 High 100 H a l i f a x S h i p y a r d s (Darmouth s i d e ) A 50 - 75 Med 75$ Approx I m p e r i a l Refinery A 0 None Nova S c o t i a Light & Power F u e l Power S t a t i o n A Z. 25 Med Maritime Telephone & T e l e g r a ph Main Exchange A 0 Canadian Overseas Telecommunications Corp A .£.25 Cossor (Canada) Ltd B Z.25 F a i r e y A v i a t i o n Ltd B (Imperoyal) 0 No Fire 75 - 100 50$ Approx 50 - 75 0-25 50 - 75 0-25 High 50 - 75 £25 Med 50 - 75 £25 w» 0 None 000660 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Documentdivulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'infqffnqtion TOP SECRET TABLE I I I - SUM.IAHY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point ft 3 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect t o HMC Dockyard b y a 100 Kiloton Bomb V i t a l Point V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage by Blast (fo) Probability of Fire Damage t o Contents With F i r e No F i r e H a l i f a x S h i p y a r d s (Halifax s i d e ) A 100 High 100 75$ Approx H a l i f a x S h i p y a r d s (Darmouth s i d e ) A 100 High 100 75$ Approx Imperial Refinery A 0 None 75 - 100 (Imperoyal) A 75 - 100 Med 100 Maritime Telephone & Telegraph Main Exchange A 25 - 50 High 75 - 100 50$ Approx Canadian Overseas Telecommunications Corp A 75$ Approx High 75 - 100 75$ Approx Cossor (Canada) Ltd B 75 - 100 High F a i r e y A v i a t i o n Ltd B Nova S c o t i a Light & Power F u e l Power S t a t i o n 0 None 100 75 - 100 0 000661 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'infqffnation TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point ft ^4-;' - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect t o Ocean Terminals and I n s t a l l a t i o n s by a 20 Kiloton Bomb V i t a l Point i t a l Point Category Structural Damage b y B l a s t ($) Probability of Fire Damage t o Content s V/ith F i r e - No F i r e Halifax Shipyards (Halifax side) A 0 None Halifax Shipyards (Darmouth side) A 0-25 Low Imperial Refinery (Imperoyal) A 0 None Nova Scotia Light & Pov/er Fuel Power Station A 100 High 100 . 100 Maritime Telephone & Telegraph Main Exchange A High 100 75 - 100 Canadian Overseas Telecommunications Corp 75 - 100 50$ Approx 0 0-25 A £50 High 75 - 100 Cossor (Canada) Ltd B 0 None 0 0 Fairey Aviation Ltd B 0 None „, 0 50$ Approx 000662 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'infqffnation TOP SECRET TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POIMTS CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point ft ^'•C - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect t o the Port by a 100 Kiloton Bomb Vital Point V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage b y B l a s t ($) Probability of Fire Damage to Contents With F i r e No F i r e Halifax Shipyards (Halifax side) A 25 - 50 Low 50 - 75 £50 Halifax Shipyards (Darmouth side) A 75$ Approx Med 75 - 100 £75 Imperial Refinery (Imperoyal) A Nova Scotia Light & Power Fuel Power Station A 100 High 100 100 Maritime Telephone & Telegraph Main Exchange A 100 High 100 100 Canadian Overseas Telecommunications Corp A 75 - 100 High 100 75 - 100 Cossor (Canada) Ltd B 0-25 Med Fairey Aviation Ltd B 0 None 50$ Approx «* 0-25 0 000663 �4 " Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information - - ,„ TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY APPENDIX "A" - STUDY OF CITY OF HALIFAX For the City of Halifax the list of Vital Points as determined by the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital Points is as follows: Category "A" Halifax Shipyards Limited Imperial Refinery (Imperoyal) McColl Frontenac, 1536 Barrington Street Nova Scotia Light and Power Company Fuel Power Station Maritime Telephone and Telegraph main Halifax Exchanges Canadian Overseas Telecommunications Corporation, Barrington Street Naval Dockyard Category "Bn Cossor (Canada) Limited Fairey Aviation Company The categories determined by the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital Points are designed for sabotage studies. They have been adapted for the present study by raising those points which are important to the joint Canadian U.S. war effort from Category "A" to a superior Category "AA", and by restating the significance of the categories. The categories used are as follows: Category "AA" Individual plants or buildings of sufficient importance to the North American war effort to be considered possible atomic bomb targets, irrespective of any effects of an A-bomb attack on the target on other vital points. Additional effects will, however, play a part in determining the relative importance of Category "AA" targets and they have, therefore, been studied and reported. Category "A" Individual plants or buildings not of sufficient importance to the North American war effort to be considered A-bomb targets by themselves, but which may become A-bomb targets if the other effects of the explosion of a bomb over the target would produce a sufficient cumulative effect on population and other vital points. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SLCRLT L-xiNAblAN x-YLS ONLY - 2 - Category "B" Important points to be considered in conjunction with attacks on Category "AA" and Category "A" targets. Category "C" Minor points to be considered in conjunction with attacks on Category "AA" and Category "A" targets. 000665 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CDIM02659 Title A name given to the resource Report, "Atomic Vulnerability Study of Canada, City of Halifax" Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 8/18/1953 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Nuclear Vulnerability Study, RG25, Vol. 4563, File 50041-A-40, Part 2, LAC. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Department of External Affairs Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Canadian Crown Subject The topic of the resource Early Cold War, Atomic Vulnerability Description An account of the resource Atomic Vulnerability Study Panel, Ottawa Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Canada Declassified Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource en https://declassified.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/c5d4fb44413b7139a16471bb7dcad7cf.pdf 283498ae2650cbdb59171fd059f74641 PDF Text Text Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET JIBTS 200-2113-2 fct *i OTTAWA, Ontario, 12 August, 1953* Chairman, Vulnerability Study Panel, Civil Defenee Co-Ordinator, ^tftt. G» P. de T« Glazebrook, ^ Dr, E. B. Massey, Dr. W. James, Mr* G. Carty. Report on the City of St. John's At the 13th Meeting of the Panel it was agreed that as studies were completed they should be distributed to Individual meabera of the Panel for review and comment, and for return to the Secretary. I enclose a copy of the City of St, John's for your review* Original signed by I. Bowen (I. Bowen) Director, Joint Intelligence Bureau* Encl. 000666 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CDIM02658 Title A name given to the resource Memorandum from I. Bowen as Director of Joint Inteligence Bureau, "Report on the City of St. John's" Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1953-08-12 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Nuclear Vulnerability Study, RG25, Vol. 4563, File 50041-A-40, Part 2, LAC. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Department of External Affairs Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Canadian Crown Subject The topic of the resource Early Cold War, Atomic Vulnerability Description An account of the resource Joint Intelligence Bureau, Ottawa Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Canada Declassified Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource en https://declassified.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/77aac169ab3d845056294c3d4b33e706.pdf b69ec57a65b6f34d4f6e025351ed123d PDF Text Text Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information 4 JIBTS 200-2113-2 TOP SBCRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY ATOMIC VULNERABILITY STUDY OF CANADA IHE CITY OF ST. JOHN'S I Object of the Study This i s one of a s e r i e s of r e p o r t s on major Canadian c i t i e s and t a r g e t s which provide the basic information on enemy c a p a b i l i t i e s t o cause damage t o persons and t o V i t a l Points by atomic a t t a c k . This study i s not concerned with the p r o b a b i l i ty t h a t such an enemy a t t a c k w i l l be made. II HI Definitions of Terms Used Ground Zero - The point on the ground directly under the point of burst in the air Aiming Point - The point on the ground directly under the point where the bomb is aimed to be burst in the air No Rescue - No organized and trained rescue is carried out, vftiich means effectively that only people who are not trapped or who can escape by their own efforts survive Seriously Injured - Hospitalized persons who would not report to work for a considerable period of time Lightly Injured - First Aid oases who would be able to contribute to their work a few days after the attack Nighttime - The time during vihich people are in their normal places of residence Daytime •• The time during which people are at their normal places of work Sources of Basic Information (a) Population Information on the nighttime distribution of population is based on a redistribution of the 1951 census returns in greater detail to show the population of individual city blocks. This is considered for the purpose of this study a sufficiently good approximation to the nighttime distribution of population. It has not been possible at this time to estimate the daytime distribution of population. 000667 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY ~ 2(b) Vital Points Information on Vital Points was taken from the 1953 List of Vital Points, which is the work of the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital points. The list for the St. John's area is given in Appendix "A". 0 (c) Scientific Data Basio data on the effects of atomic bomb explosions on people and structures was prepared by the Defence Research Board (Scientific Adviser to the Cival Defence Co-ordinator). IV Factors Considered in Selecting Aiming Points for Study The effects of an attack on a city vary widely with the location of the bomb burst. As it is not considered practicable to study all possible points of burst, a series of Aiming Points have been selected which are calculated to give the maximum effect on population and on different groupings of Vital Points. The effects of an attack vary widely with the energy released by the bomb. As it is not possible to estimate the energy level of the bomb most likely to be used, separate estimates were made for a bomb with the lowest probable energy and the highest probably energy level. The effects on people also vary widely with circumstances of warning and rescue. A series of estimates were therefore made for different conditions of warning and rescue. The estimates made for conditions WITH RESCUE are for ideal rescue conditions with organized and trained rescue teams, in temperate climates and when the atomic attack is unsupported by other weapons. In spite of rescue efforts casualties would tend towards those given for NO RESCUE under severe winter conditions, or if Chemical Warfare attack were combined with atomic attack or if the spread of fire were extensive. Conditions of visibility vould also alter the effect of an attack. Poor visibility would reduce the extent of fire and the number of radiation casualties and would have some effect on the chances of pinpointing the target from the air. All calculations are based on an average clear day over a city with a visibility of about six miles. For the chosen to give of population. maximum effect city of St. John's an Aiming Point was the maximum effect on the nighttime distribution A second Aiming Point was chosen to give the on the Vital Points and on the Harbour facilities. The present study is confined to the effect of a bomb delivered by an airborne vehicle. It is possible that St. John's as a port city would be an attractive target for an underwater burst. A separate study will be made of the effects of this type of attack. 000668 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY w 3 *** V Results of the Study of the City of St. John's A nighttime attack on this city would result in casualties among 70-90$ of the population if a 20 kiloton bomb were used, depending on conditions of warning and rescue; 85-/100$ if a 100 kiloton bomb were used. A nighttime attack on the Vital Points and Harbour facilities combined would cause casualties among 65-90$ of the population by a 20 kiloton bomb; 85-/100$ by a 100 kiloton bomb. (a) Effects on Population The effect of an attack on the daytime and nighttime population is given in Tables I and II for each Aiming Point and for different conditions of warning and rescue. (b) Effects on Vital Points A summary of the effect on Vital Points is given in Table III for each Aiming Point. The extent of damage to Vital Points and the effect on their various functions is also described below for each of the Aiming Points. The relative importance of each Vital Point to the Canadian «• U.S. war effort is indicated by the category (AA, A, B or C ) , which is given for each Vital Point in Appendix "A". 000669 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANAD.IAN EYES ONLY -., 4 *• (c) Detailed Discussion of an Attack on Each of the Aiming Points Effeot of a Burst over Aiming poiht # I - Chosen to give maximum effect pn nighttime distribution of population by a 20 KLloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 70-90$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). As daytime population information is not at present available, it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to Vital Points is described below: Communications - Transmission and Reception Cable Station, Commercial Cable Company - Category A Building and equipment would receive severe structural damage from blast and the probability of further damage from fire is high. Approximately 30-65$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Petroleum Facilities Imperial Oil Limited - Category A Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. Port of St. John's Wharves and Piers The most important piers would be seriously damaged by this attack, namely the Canadian National Railways piers, with the exception of the Canadian National Railways Coastal Wharf and the four Royal Canadian Navy Jetties. Of the breastwork along the southern part of harbour including the bunkering installations, that along the inner, or western, part of the harbour would be seriously damaged. Most of the privately owned, wooden jetties along the northern side of the harbour would be severely damaged. Transit Sheds Very severe damage would be caused to transit sheds. Damage to the most important sheds only is described below: Destroyed - the three Canadian National Railways sheds, Harvey & Company shed ft 3, Murray Company, and the four buildings behind the Royal Canadian Navy Jetties would be destroyed by blast and fire. Severe damage - would be caused to Furness Withy sheds and Harvey and Company sheds # I and 2. Moderate damage - would be caused to the buildings on the U.S. Army Dock. Shipbuilding and Repairing The Craving Dock would not be damaged by this type of attack. 000670 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY •• 5 — Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk - It is unlikely that any ships would be sunk or destroyed unless possibly those berthed between the Royal Canadian Navy Jetties and the A.H. Murray Wharf. Immobilized - all ships berthed or anchored within the inner, or western half of the harbour would be seriously damaged. Slight damage - all other ships berthed or anchored within the harbour would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # I - Chosen to give maximum effect on nighttime distribution of population by a 100 kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 85-100$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). As daytime population information is not at present available, it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to Vital points is described below: Coamunicat ions - Transmission and Reception Cable Station, Commercial Cable Company - Category A Building and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 65-90$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Petroleum F a c i l i t i e s Imperial Oil Company - Category A Storage f a c i l i t i e s would be destroyed by b l a s t and fire. Port of S t . John's Wharves and Piers Serious damage would be caused to all the important wharves with the exception of the Canadian National Railways Coastal Wharf, the U.S. Army Dock and the jetties of Furness Withy. All the breastwork along the southern part of the harbour including coal and oil bunkering facilities would be severely damaged. Transit Sheds All important transit sheds would be destroyed by this attack. Shipbuilding and Repairing The Graving Dock would not be damaged by this attack. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk - ships berthed at the Canadian National Railways and Royal Canadian Navy Jetties, the breastwork and private jetties along the inner part of the harbour would be sunk. Immobilized - all other ships berthed or anchored within the inner part o f the harbour would be seriously damaged. Slight damage - all other ships berthed or anchored within the harbour would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. 000671 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 6 - Effeot of a Burst over Aiming Point ft 2 - Chosen to give maximum effeot on Vital Points and Harbour facilities by a 20 kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 65-90$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II), As daytime population information is not at present available, it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to Vital Points is described below: Communications - Transmission and Reception Cable Station, Commercial Cable Company - Category A Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of serious fire damage is high. Approximately 30-55$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Petroleum Facilities Imperial Oil Limited - Category A Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. Port of St. John's Wharves and Piers The most important piers would be seriously damaged by this attack, namely the Canadian National Railways piers, with the exception of the Canadian National Railways Coastal Wharf and the four Royal Canadian Navy Jetties. Of the breastwork along the southern part of the harbour including the bunkering installations, that along the inner, or western, part of the harbour would be seriously damaged. Most of the privately owned, wooden jetties along the northern side of the harbour would be severely damaged. Transit sheds Very severe damage would be caused to transit sheds. Damage to the more important sheds only is described below* Destroyed - the Canadian National Railways sheds would be destroyed as well as the four buildings behind the Royal Canadian Naval Jetties. Serious damage - the building on the U.S. Army Dock and the sheds of Furness Withy would be seriously damaged. Shipbuilding and Repairing The Graving Dock would not be damaged by this type of attack. Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk - all ships berthed at the Canadian National Railways, and the Royal Canadian Naval Jetties would be sunk or destroyed. Immobilized - all other ships berthed cr at anchor within the inner half of trie harbour would be severely damaged. Slight damage - all other ships berthed or at anchor within the harbour would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. 000672 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point ft 2 - Chosen to give maximum effect on Vital Points and Harbour facilities by a 100 kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 85-/100$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). As daytime population information is not available, it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to Vital Points is described below: Communications - Transmission and Reception Cable Station, Commercial Cable Company - Category A Building and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 65-90$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Petroleum F a c i l i t i e s Imperial Oil limited - Category A Storage f a c i l i t i e s would be destroyed by b l a s t and fire. Port of S t . John's Wharves and Piers All important wharves and piers within the inner part of the harbour with the exception of the Canadian National Railways Coastal Wharf would be seriously damaged. The U.S. Army Dock and the jetties of Furness Withy would not be damaged seriously. Most of the breastwork along the southern harb.our including the coal and oil bunkering installations would be seriously damaged. Most of the privately owned, timber jetties along the northern side of the harbour would be severely damaged. Transit sheds Destroyed - all buildings and transit sheds would be destroyed. Shipbuilding and Repairing The Graving Dock would not be damaged by this type of attack. ? Shipping (transports, light cruisers and aircraft carriers) Sunk or destroyed - all ships berthed or anchored within the inner or western of the harbour at the time of the attack would be sunk or destroyed. Immobilized - all other shipping berthed or anchored west of the Furness Withy Jetties would be seriously damaged. Slight damage - all other ships berthed or anchored within the harbour and east of the Furness Withy would receive slight damage to superstructure and external equipment. 000673 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 8 (d) Effects on Morale It is expected that the effect on morale in large centres of population in Canada, and at least the norther parts of the United States, would be much the same whichever city is attacked by ah atomic bomb. The effect will probably be somewhat proportionate to the size of the casualties inflicted by individual bombs and by the number of cities attacked. Air Navigation Aspects of an Attack With the equipment at present available to the Russian Long Range Air Force, St. John's would be an easy target to locate on a high or low level attack under any weather conditions for a well trained navigator not familiar with the area. Accuracy in identifying specific Aiming Points is a more critical aspect. However the area of the city is small and an atomic explosion over almost any part of the built up area would cause serious damage to Vital Points, Harbour facilities and Population, though of a lesser magnitude than described by this report. ( 000674 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'inforyiation TABLE I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES - CITY OF ST. JOHN'S TOP SECRET NIGHTTIME ATTACK 20 Kiloton Bomb CANADIAN EYES ONLY 100 K i l o t o n Boitb Aiming Point # I-N - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population Killed Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 43,300 5,000 2,500 No Warning - No Rescue No Warning - With Rescue 30,800 11,100 4,800 No Warning - With Rescue With Warning - With Rescue 25,500 9,400 6,200 With Warning - With Rescue Seriously injured Lightly Injured 50,400 3,500 1,300 4,800 41,800 9,000 36,900 7,500 4,200 Aiming Poin t ft 2. - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on V i t a l P o i n t s & Harbour No Warning - No Rescue 41,400 5,400 2,800 No Warning - No Rescue 49,600 3,800 1,500 No Warning - With Rescue 27,800 11,800 5,300 No Warning - With Resoue 39,900 9,900 3,300 With Warning — With Rescue 22,400 9,700 6,500 With Warning - With Rescue 34,600 8,000 4,400 000675 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'infortpation TABLE II - CASUALTIES AS PERCENTAGE OF POHJLATION * TOP SECRET NIGHTTIME ATTACK 20 Kiloton Bomb CANADIAN EYES ONLY 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point # I-N - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Nighttime Distribution of Population Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 75 10 5 No Warning - No Rescue 20 5 No Warning - With Rescue 55 20 10 No Warning - With Rescue 75 15 5 With Warning - With Rescue 45 15 10 With Warning - With Rescue 65 15 5 Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured ti Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Vital Points and Harbour Facilities No Warning - No Rescue 75 10 5 No Warning - No Rescue 90 5 No Warning - With Rescue 50 20 10 No Warning - With Rescue 70 20 5 With Warning - With Resoue 40 15 10 With Warning - With Rescue 60 15 10 x Based on 56,300 within 5 miles of an Aiming P o i n t . ti The population of the metropolitan area i s 67,700 of the c i t y proper i s 50,800 000676 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point # I - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on P o p u l a t i o n Vital Points Vital Point Category Structural Damage by B l a s t ($) Probability of Fire Damage t o C o n t e n t s With F i r e No F i r e 20 K i l o t o n Bordb ible Company A High 100 A Imperial Oil 75 - 100 High 100 75 - 100 100 K i l o t o n Bomb Imperial Oil ible Company A 100 High - '' A 100 High 100 . 100 000677 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EFFEOT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET * * CANADIAN EYES 0NT" ' Aiming Point ft 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on V i t a l P o i n t s & Harbour F a c i l i t i e s Vital Points V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage by B l a s t ($) Probability of Fire Damage t o Content s With F i r e No F i r e 20 K i l o t o n Bonflp Imperial Oil A Commercial Gable Company A 100 75 - 100 High High 100 75 - 100 100 lOO 100 K i l o t o n Bomb Imperial Oil A 100 High Commercial Cable Company A 100 High 000678 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY APPENDIX "A" - STUDY OF CITY OF ST. JOHN'S For t h e C i t y of S t . J o h n ' s t h e l i s t of V i t a l p o i n t s a s determined by t h e I n t e r d e p a r t m e n t a l Committee on V i t a l P o i n t s i s as follows: Category "A" Imperial Oil Limited Cable Station, Commercial Cable Company The categories determined by the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital Points are designed for sabotage studies. They have been adapted for the present study by raising those points which are important to the Joint Canadian U.S. war effort from Category "A" to a superior Category "AA", and by restating the significance of the categories. The categories used are as follows: Categories "AA" Individual plants or buildings of sufficient importance to the North American war effort to be considered possible atomic bomb targets, irrespective of any effects of an A-bomb attack on the target on other Vital Points. Additional effects will, however, play a part in determining the relative importance of Category "AA" targets and they have, therefore, been studied and reported. Category "A" Individual plants or buildings not of sufficient importance to the North American war effort to be considered A-bomb targets by themselves, but which may become A-bomb targets if the other effects of the explosion of a bomb over the target would produce a sufficient cumulative effect on population and other Vital Points. Category "B" Important points to be considered in conjunction with attacks on Category "AA" targets. Category "C" Minor points to be considered in conjunction with attacks on Category "AA" and Category "A" targets. 000679 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CDIM02657 Title A name given to the resource Report, "Atomic Vulnerability Study of Canada, The City of St. John's" Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1953-08-12 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Nuclear Vulnerability Study, RG25, Vol. 4563, File 50041-A-40, Part 2, LAC. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Department of External Affairs Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Canadian Crown Subject The topic of the resource Early Cold War, Atomic Vulnerability Description An account of the resource Atomic Vulnerability Study Panel, Ottawa Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Canada Declassified Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource en https://declassified.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/b2108e7e2e6f61daad765f98982e9c15.pdf c20103ee4b049e07c48e2e90ccc3a329 PDF Text Text *-<- I M a-* Document disdosed under the Access to Information t MX • W • H c M f l r S ^ ^ J u i ^ O - y f e l j l l ^ l a Loi sur I'acces a I'informaH LE COPY j+'"*^tftf__ " '' DEPARTMENT OF EXTERNAL AFFAIRS MEMORANDUM TO: Mr. Glazebrook Security ^ FROM: ...™™?.™*™J}.). REFERENCE: :....\}.:£Q°: t e July t6,__ 19.53 File No. . 'ftX Item I on agenda of 17/53 JPC meet- /C| Ing, July 7, 1953 SUBJECT: SECRET J DRB atomic vulnerability studies I attach the minutes of both the 14/53 and 15/53 JPC meetings held on June 5 and June 16, 1953 respectively. You will notice item a—Radio Warfare, Vital Targets—in the former minutes records the JPC discussion on this subject and in the latter reports the invitation to Mr. Bowen to brief the JPC on DRB vulnerability studies. 2. You will also recall that item 7—AA Defence Plan— of 15/53 minutes, depends in great part upon the completion of the vulnerability studies. Defenoe* Liaison (1) SECfcft T A SECRET Ext. 326 (2/53) 000680 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CDIM02656 Title A name given to the resource Memorandum, Defence Liaison (1) to Mr. Glazebrook, "DRB atomic vulnerability studies" Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1953-07-06 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Nuclear Vulnerability Study, RG25, Vol. 4563, File 50041-A-40, Part 2, LAC. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Department of External Affairs Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Canadian Crown Subject The topic of the resource Early Cold War, Atomic Vulnerability Description An account of the resource Department of External Affairs, Ottawa Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Canada Declassified Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource en https://declassified.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/f378afa16e0425b1525413776145532c.pdf d27d8d8741cf403f6719fc55b988da88 PDF Text Text Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information s / / TOP SECRET (Unless otherwise classified) 23 COPY NO. CHIEFS OF STAFF COMMITTEE Minutes of the 541st meeting held on 23 June, 1953 in the Office of the Chairman, Chiefs of Staff, »AM Building. National Defence Headquarters. PRESENT JtPV-S'A The Chairman, Chiefs of Staff (Lieutenant-General Foulkes) The Chief of the General Staff (Lieutenant-General Simonds) The Chief of the Naval Staff (Vice Admiral Mainguy) The Chief of the Air Staff (Air Marshal Slemon) The Chaiman, Defence Research Board (Dr. Solandt) o a o »X<.* ALSO PRESENT C M . Drury, Esq., Deputy Minister of National Defence. L.D. Wilgress, Esq., Under-Secretary of State for External Affairs, i R.A.J* Phillips, Esq., representing Secretary to the Cabinet. Air Commodore Rutledge, Co-ordinator, Joint Staff. Secretary, Chiefs of Staff (Lieutenant-Colonel Kingstone) Assistant Secretary, Chiefs of Staff (Wing Commander Bell) (TOP SECRET) I.MINUTES OF THE 5/>OTH MEETING 1. The Chairman. Chiefs of Staff referring to Item IV said that the Canadian Joint Staffs in London and Washington had been asked to ascertain from SHAPE and SACLANT their requirements for co-ordination and implementation of the Simple Alert and for details of those measures for which SACEUR and SACLANT proposed to request delegation of national authority. SHAPE had replied that they were unable to state in detail what delegation of national authority was required in the case of Canada as the information is available at the subordinate command level and could only be obtained by discussing the detailed warbook measures with subordinate commands. SACLANT had replied that they had not yet considered the problem. TOP SECRET 000681 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET - 2 As Simple Alerts affected the Air Division more intimately than the 27th Brigade, it was suggested that the Commander of the Air Division and the Assistant Canadian National Military Representative be authorized to approach informally the appropriate officers in AAFCE to ascertain those meastares which require advance delegation of authority by the Canadian Government. , . 2. to Item Mission Japan". deleted The Under-Secretary of State for External Affairs, referring III, paragraph 9, requested that the words "before the Canadian became an Enbassy1' be changed to "before the peace treaty with It was also suggested that the last sentence of paragraph 9 be and the following substituted: "There was a case for retaining their present position vis-a-vis the Embassy and foregoing diplomatic status. As accredited attaches, the Service Representatives might not enjoy their present ease of entry to the United Nations Command." Referring to Item X, it was pointed out that the External Affairs Representative at the 540th meeting had very short notice in which to prepare for discussion of this subject. As the matter had been discussed subsequently by the Advisory Committee on Northern Development, it was requested that Item X be deleted frcm the minutes. 3. The Committee agreeds (a) to authorize the Air Officer Commanding No. 1 Air Division and the Assistant Canadian National Military Representative to approach the appropriate officers at AAFCE informally in order to find out iihose measures which required the delegation of Canadian Government authority to enable SACEUR to call a Simple Alert| and (b) to approve the minutes of the 540th meeting as amended by the Under-Secretary of State for External Affairs. PROVISION OF OCCUPATION FORCES IN KOREA (TOP SECRET) 4. The Committee had for consideration a.memorandum outlining the views of the Chiefs of Staff after reviewing their previous comments on this subject. (CSC 7-10-12 of 18 June, 1953) 5. The Chairman, Chiefs of Staff said that it was desirable to bring the Chiefs of Staff views up to date in case they were required at short notice. At the recent meeting of Commonwealth Prime Ministers, Lord Alexander said that forces of other Commonwealth countries now in Korea should be retained and possibly increased after an armistice in order to ease the burden of the United Kingdom forces in the Far East. The Canadian High Commissioner in London should be made aware that the Canadian case had been made quite clear. It was understood that the United Kingdom had been considering a rundown of the Commonwealth Division to a brigade and had suggested that the Canadian contribution be one battalion and one destroyer. When this matter was previously considered by the Chiefs of Staff, it had been agreed that the Canadian contribution should be one battalion only. TOP SECRET �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information -\ TOP SECRET - 3- 6. The Chief of the General Staff said that the probable sequence of events following an armistice might fall into two phasesj the first phase consisting of a parallel reduction of forces on both sides and the second phase would probably take the fonn of political deliberations for the unification of Korea, when, in order to demonstrate interest in a permanent solution, United Nations forces would be held in readiness close to Korea. The best that Canada could hope for during the first phase was a proportionate reduction of forces. During the second phase, however, it would be preferable to withdraw the Army contribution and replace it by a naval contribution of three destroyers. This view had been eaqpressed to the Canadian Ambassador in Tokyo who thought that the United Nations Command might agree to such an arrangement. From conversations with General Clark, it appeared that his main interest was in maintaining the United Nations aspect of any undertaking after an armistice was signed. A Canadian Naval contribution during the second phase had the following advantages: (a) it would cost very little more to maintain naval forces operating in Far Eastern waters than if they were based at Esquimaltj (b) the destroyers would be able to show the flag throughout the Far East and in doing so could carry the impression of continued Canadian interest to better advantage than a small land force which would necessarily be staticj (c) while showing the flag in Far Eastern stations, the crews of the destroyers could obtain valuable intelligence regarding the trend of affairs in the Far East as a whole| and (d) should incidents occur between North and South Korea while attempts were being made to reach a permanent settlement, forces on the ground might become directly involved, whereas with naval forces there would be far less danger of involvement in this way. 7. The Chief of the Naval Staff agreed that in many respects this suggestion was sound. However, the destroyers in Far Eastern waters were kept up to full complement and in order to derive the maximum benefit from those experienced personnel, the RCN would prefer that no naval forces be committed. Should it be considered desirable that Canada's post-armistice contribution be one of naval forces, it was suggested that this be kept to a minimum of one destroyer or frigate. 8. The Chief of the Air Staff said that the RCAF would like to be relieved of the Korean airlift as soon as possible because of their increased commitment to Europe. It was understood that the Canadian Pacific Airlines were most anxious to take over this commitment. 9. The Under-Secretary of State for External Affairs said that Canada' s commitment would depend largely on the outcome of political discussions. After the withdrawal of United Nations and Chinese Communist forces from Korea, it was doubtful whether the Japanese Government would welcome the basing of an Army contingent on Japanese soil for UN purposes. An alternative which the Government would be reluctant to accept would be to base Canadian forces in Hong .Kong where they would be subject to Commonwealth pressure to serve in other Far, Eastern trouble spots. It appeared that the most favourable solution would be the proportionate reduction of forces during the first phase and the substitution if possible of naval forces for ground forces in the second phase. TOP SECRET 000683 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information \ ft ^ TOP SECRET on /« <3to 10. It was agreed, after further discussion, that the military view on the provision of occupation forces in Korea should be: (a) to accept a proportionate reduction of all armed forces during the first phasej and (b) that during the second phase the Army contribution should be reduced to nil as early as possible. If continued Canadian military representation was considered advisable at this stage the Chiefs of Staff would recommend naval representation in lieu of ground forces. III. THE CURRENT RISKS OF GENERAL WAR (TOP SECRET) 11. The Committee had for consideration a draft memorandum for the Cabinet Defence Committee prepared by the Joint Intelligence Committee on the above subject, which concluded that: (a) it is unlikely that the Soviet Union will deliberately precipitate a war by attacking the West during 1953, although such a possibility can not be entirely excludedj and (b) the main risk of general war during 1953 will arise from actions taken by the Soviet Union which are known to entail risks of general war. or from genuine miscalculations or errors of conduct on either side, or from accidental occurrences. (CSC 1571-1 of 15 June, 1953) 12. The Chajjman, Chiefs of Staff said that as there was little possibility of the Cabinet Defence Committee meeting for some time there was no object in passing the memorandum forward. It was suggested that the matter be passed back to the Joint Intelligence Committee who should be instructed to keep the matter under review. 13. The Deputy Minister, referring to the second sentence of paragraph 2, suggested that the words "our paper" be substituted by the words "The Canadian view". 14. The Committee agreed that the memorandum should be returned to the Joint Intelligence Committee with instructions that it be kept under review until it was considered appropriate to forward it to the Cabinet Defence Committee. IV. APPOINTMENT OF NAVAL ADVISER, MILITARY ADVISER AND AIR ADVISER TO THE AUSTRALIAN HIGH COMMISSIONER IN OTTAWA (RESTRICTED) 15. The Committee had for consideration a memorandum from the Acting Under-Secretary of State for .External Affairs requesting views on the appointment of Service Advisers to the Australian High Commissioner at Ottawa. (CSC 9-4-3 of 18 June, 1953) 16. The Chairman, Chiefs of Staff said that there were two disadvantages to the accreditation of Australian Service Advisers. The first was the obvious desire on' the part of the Australians to obtain information through Canadian sources which might jeopardize Canada's favourable position with the United States with regard to the exchange of information. The TOP SECRET 000684 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information v „•' .<• e» TOP SECRET «, 5 - second objection was the possible necessity of having to reciprocate by accrediting Service Advisers to the Canadian High Commissioner in Australia* For Canada to do so would be uneconomical and unnecessary, particularly if it entailed transferring an attache position from a country which was more valuable from an intelligence point of view. 17. The Chairman, Defence Research Board said that great credit should be given to the Australians for the improvements they had made in their security. Their standing, in this regard had greatly improved in the United States where they now had a limited but effective,.agreement on the exchange of guided weapons information. 18* The Under-Secretary of State for External Affairs said that it would be very difficult to turn down this request, particularly as other , Commonwealth countries had their Service Attaches in Washington accredited as Advisers to their High Commissioners in Ottawa. Acceptance of the request did not mean that Canada had to reciprocate and this could be made quite clear to the Australians. With regard to the security aspect, the services would have to take the necessary precautions to ensure that United States information was not made available. 19. It was agreed, after further discussion, to advise the Minister that while the Chiefs of Staff did not see any advantage to the accreditation of Australian Service Advisers, it would be considered inadvisable to turn down the request. However, it should be made quite clear to them that Canada was not in a position to reciprocate at this time. V. TRANSMITTER REQUIREMENTS CHURCHILL (CHESNAYE) (CONFIDENT^) 20. The Committee had for consideration a memorandum from the Principal Supply Officers Committee requesting that the Chiefs of Staff detejmine which service would be responsible for the care and maintenance of the Chesnaye site. (CSC 5-l-4(VCS) of 17 June, 1953) 21. The Chief of the Naval Staff said that the senior Naval officer at Churchill had been instructed to accept the keys for the Chesnaye site. Although the building had been constructed as a tri-service project, the RCN initiated the requirement and were, therefore, willing to accept responsibility for careand maintenance. Due, however, to the limited number of RCN personnel in Churchill they would have to seek the assistance of the Army if building repairs become necessary. 22. The Chairman, Chiefs of Staff said that the 25 KVA diesel generators and the domestic equipment should be removed. The site would then only require occassional visits to ensure that it was in reasonable state of repair. 23. It was agreed that the RCN would be responsible for removing the 25 KVA diesel generators and the domestic equipment out of Chesnaye and be responsible for the care and maintenance of the site. VI. TEBMS OF REFERENCE FOR SCIENTIFIC STUDY GROUP (SECRET) 24. The Chairman, Defence Research Board said that it was his belief that the Scientific Study Group would not require terms of reference beyond a broad directive that they assist the Canada-US Military Study Group. TOP SECRET 000685 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information o TOP SECRET - 6 - The Chairman of the Canadian Section of the Military Study Group felt, however, that the group should have independent terms of reference and in consequence, draft terms of reference had been prepared. 25. The Chairman, Chiefs of Staff said that a copy of the United States terms of reference for the Military Study Group had been received. These, however, were written to cover the United States Section only. Air Vice Marshal Miller had been asked to enquire informally if the United States would agree to terms of. reference covering the entire group. Possibly the Military Study Group would give consideration to its terms of reference at an early meeting. It was suggested that Air Vice Marshal Miller be present when the terms of reference of the Military Study Group were next discussed. 26. The Committee noted the remarks of the Chairman, Chiefs of Staff and the Chairman, Defence Research Board. VII. REQUIREMENTS PLANNING (SECRET) 27. The Chairman, Chiefs of Staff said that during a meeting on Requirements Planning, the Secretary of State for External Affairs had agreed that it was necessary to anticipate United States requirements and in order to do so, some relaxation of the present restrictions was necessary. The Minister of National Defence did not wish to relax his restrictions at this time and therefore no further steps could be taken for the present. General McNaughton would make this clear at the next meeting of the Permanent Joint Board on Defence* General McNaughton had suggested that it would be desirable for him to meet With the Chiefs of Staff to discuss any military problems before Permanent Joint Board on Defence meetings. 28. The Committee noted the remarks of the Chairman, Chiefs of Staff. VIII. UNITED KINGDOM ATOMIC ENERGY PLANS (TOP SECRET) 29. The Chairman,. Defence Research Board said that at a recent meeting Sir John Cockroft had reviewed UK atomic energy plans and indicated that the UK were contemplating asking Canada to duplicate some of their facilities. In anticipation of such a request, it was suggested that Canada review its atomic energy programme and decide its future requirements in both the scientific and military fields. There would be no object in backing up the UK programme if it entailed work in fields that would not benefit Canada's future programme. 30. The Chairman, Chiefs of Staff said that it was likely that the UK request would be in line with the programme Canada should follow. It would be advisable that the Chiefs of Staff discuss this matter when putting forward a Canadian programme. 31. The Committee noted the remarks of the Chairman, Chiefs of Staff and the Chairman,flefeneeResearch Board. IX. RESIGNATION OF THE DIRECTOR OF SCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE (CONFIDENTIAL) 32. The Chairman, Defence Research Board said that the present Director of Scientific Intelligence was resigning and suggested that until a suitable replacement is found, the Director, Joint Intelligence Bureau also act as Director of Scientific Intelligence. 33. The Committee agreed with the suggestion of the Chairman, Defence Research Board. TOP SECRET 000686 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information \ TOP SECRET 4 X. - 7- TRAINING OF BELGIAN CADETS IN CANADA (CONFIDENTIAL) 34. The Chairman, Chiefs of Staff said that the Cabinet Defence Committee had agreed that if vacancies could be made available to foreign countries at the Canadian Services Colleges, India and Pakistan should be given first preference. In the absence of Asiatic nominations, Belgian candidates should be allocated available accommodation. This decision would possibly stir up requests from other countries, the rejection of which would place Canada in an embarrassing position. 35. The Chief of the General Staff said that applications for entry into Canadian Services Colleges had greatly increased and as there was no question of not being able to fill available vacancies from Canadian applicants and in view of the services' requirements for graduates, it would not be desirable to offer vacancies to other countries. The Army could allot an additional vacancy to India and Pakistan at the Canadian Army Staff College which they would probably prefer to vacancies at the Services Colleges. 36. The Chief of the Naval Staff said that underlying the Belgian request for vacancies at the Canadian Services Colleges was their desire to have the Crown Prince trained up to watchkeeping certificate standard. By having Belgian cadets in training at a service college, the precedence which the Belgians required to send the Crown Prince to Canada for training would have been set. 37. It was agreed, after further discussion, that the Chairman, Chiefs of Staff would review the applications of the Governments of India and Pakistan for Canadian assistance in training with a view to offering alternative suggestions to that of sending cadets to the Canadian Services Colleges. 7 (R.G. Kingstone) Lieutenant-Colonel, Secretary. DISTRIBUTION No. Nos. Nos. Nos. Nos. 1 2 9 12 15 to 8 to 11 to 14 & 16 No. 17 Nos. 18 & 19 Nos. 20 & 21 Nos. 22 to 24 Nos. 25 & 26 No. 27 No. 28 Nos. 29 & 30 No. 31 No. 32 No. 33 Chairman, Chiefs of Staff CGS CNS CAS CDRB Defence Secretary Deputy•Minister Secretary to the Cabinet Under-Secretary of State for External Affairs Secretary, Canadian Joint Staff, London Secretary, Canadian Joint Staff, Washington Commandant, National Defence College CJS Secretary, Joint Intelligence Committee Secretary, Joint Planning Committee CSC file TOP SECRET 000687 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CDIM02655 Title A name given to the resource Minutes, Chiefs of Staff Committee, "Meeting of the 541st meeting held on 23 June, 1953 in the Office of the Chairman, Chiefs of Staff, 'A' Building, National Defence Headquarters" Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1953-06-23 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Nuclear Vulnerability Study, RG25, Vol. 4563, File 50041-A-40, Part 2, LAC. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Department of External Affairs Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Canadian Crown Subject The topic of the resource Early Cold War, Atomic Vulnerability Description An account of the resource Chiefs of Staff Committee, Department of National Defence, Ottawa Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Canada Declassified Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource en https://declassified.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/22f56ee2a5b117f10181565615eb7bfa.pdf d68a325fbe18a4be96852aa94f405686 PDF Text Text I V I . Document disclosed under the Access t Document divulgue en vertu de la Loisurl'c JIBTS 200-; '.ft, TOP SECRET CAi-ADIAK KIBS OHII Ottawa, Ontario. 22 June, 1953. Civil Defence Co-Ordinator Chairman, Vulnerability Study Panel —Er. G.P, de T. Glazebrook Dr. E.E. Kassey Dr. W. James Mr, G. Carty X ' - X, \X . i Vulnerability Study Panel «• 14th Meeting > The progress made since the last meeting of the PaneJ.;-}. on 15 December., 1952, is as follows:Reports on the cities of Calgary, Hamilton and Winnipeg have been compiled and distributed by the Secretary; ^.V A report on the City of Saint John has been completed, and is circulated at the same time es this memorawhflaj Casualty Estimates for all 16 cities, both under daytime and nighttime attack have been completed, and are being circulated at the same time as this memorandum; A sumnazy of the Effects of Air Burst Atomic Boobs at Selected Aiming Points has been designed and compiled, and is circulated at the same time as this memorandum for discussion at the 14th meeting. (I. Bowen) Director, Joint Intelligence Bureau. 000688 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CDIM02654 Title A name given to the resource Memorandu, I. Bowen as Director of the Joint Intelligence Bureau, "Vulnerability Study Panel, 14th Meeting" Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 6/22/1953 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Nuclear Vulnerability Study, RG25, Vol. 4563, File 50041-A-40, Part 2, LAC. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Department of External Affairs Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Canadian Crown Subject The topic of the resource Early Cold War, Atomic Vulnerability Description An account of the resource Joint Intelligence Bureau, Ottawa Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Canada Declassified Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource en https://declassified.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/658f719a917147e9a51e2a1e33052069.pdf 98d8f75e0bca5f5dd2f5483c43b89646 PDF Text Text Document disclosed under the Access to Information fitt^* Document djvulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information 2 \ 1 •JIBTS 200-2115-2 TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYSS ONLY X ATOMIC VUUffiRABILITY STuDY OF CMABA r~x SOKIARY OF SFISCTS OF AIR EUiiST OF ATOMIC 302133 AT S£.Li3CT3D AlkING POINTS 1. Detailed reports for sixteen iiiajor Canadian cities have been •"written to £ive full information on the effects on individual vital points, and the methods by which these effects have been calculated, 2. These reports i;ill total in all some 400 pages. Reading this mass of data leaves no clear impression of ths relative damage around different aiming points, nor of the extent to vjhich any particular industry would be affected by attacks on any particular combination of aiming points. 3. An attempt has, therefore, been made to design a summary which will show readily, in table form, all the effects of any one explosion and also the relative importance of different timing: points in an attack on any particular industry in Canada. 4. In any large city there is a very large number of possible aiming points, according to the particular combination of effects the enemy might seek. The study cannot assess every oossible aiming noint. It has been confined to the most important aiming points, attacks upon which would have the maximum effect on population or on industry. Attacks on other aiming, points ijould have different combinations of effects, but would be less important. 5. The summary has been prepared in two versions. In one version, the effects are shown in all cases in terms of the nuraber of vital points affected, their category, and the percentage of damass caused. The second version attempts to take account of the relative output of the vital points, by express in-s the damege to each industry in terms of the dollar value of production'which would be lost if the level of damage experienced persisted for a year. 22 June, 1955. WNNGRADED T9 SECREf IltMI k SECIE1 000689 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CDIM02653 Title A name given to the resource Report, "Atomic Vulnerability Study of Canada, Summary of Effects of Air Burst of Atomic Bombs at Selected Aiming Points" Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 6/22/1953 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Nuclear Vulnerability Study, RG25, Vol. 4563, File 50041-A-40, Part 2, LAC. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Department of External Affairs Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Canadian Crown Subject The topic of the resource Early Cold War, Atomic Vulnerability Description An account of the resource Atomic Vulnerability Study Panel, Ottawa Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Canada Declassified Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource en https://declassified.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/81e17a5e6570e84730d75b015c9ace84.pdf 2476b1fcaebde2549dcc029ff7d1b48a PDF Text Text Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information 2 JIBTS 200-2113-2 TOP SECRET Sexp^f *> r* \\ s$ ATOMIC WINERABILITY STUDY OF CANADA THE CITY OF SAINT JOHN I CANADIAN EYES ONLY I7. r Object of the Study This is one of a series of reports on major Canadian cities and targets which provide the basic information on enemy capabilities to cause damage to persons and to vital points by atomic attack. This study is not concerned with the probability that such an enemy attack will be made. II Definitions of Terms Used Ground Zero The point on the ground directly under the point of burst in the air Aiming Point The point on the ground directly under the point where the bomb is aimed to be burst in the air No Rescue No organized and trained rescue is carried out, which means effectively that only people who are not trapped or who can escape by their own efforts survive Seriously Injured - Hospitalized persons who would not report to work for a considerable period of time Lightly Injured First Aid cases who would be able to contribute to their work a few days after the attack Nighttime - The time during which people are in their normal places of residence Daytime - The time during which people are at their normal places of work III Sources of Basic Information (a) Population Information on the nighttime distribution of population is based on a redistribution of the 1951 census returns in greater detail to show the population of individual city blocks. This is considered for the purpose of this study a sufficiently good approximation to the nighttime distribution of population. It has not been possible at this time to estimate the daytime distribution of population. 000690 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 2 (b) Vital Points Information on other Vital Points was taken from the 1953 List of Vital Points, which is the work of the Interdepartmental Cowardttee on Vital Points. The list for the Saint John area is given in Appendix "A". (c) Scientific Data Basic data on the effects of atomic bomb explosions on people and structures was prepared by the Defence Research Board (Scientific Adviser to the Civil Defence Co-ordinator). IV Factors Considered in Selecting Aiding Points for Study The effects of an attack on a city vary widely with the location of the bomb burst. As it is not considered practicable to study all possible points of burst, a series of Aiming Points have been selected which are calculated to give the maximum effect on population and on different groupings of Vital Points. The effects of an attack vary widely with the energy released by the bomb. As it is not possible to estimate the energy level of the bomb most likely to be used, separate estimates were made for a bomb with the lowest probable energy and the highest probable energy level. The effects on people also vary widely with circumstances of warning and rescue. A series of estimates were therefore made for different conditions of warning and rescue* The estimates made for conditions WITH RESCUE are for ideal rescue conditions with organized and trained rescue teams, in temperate climates and when the atomic attack is unsupported by other weapons. In spite of rescue efforts casualties would tend towards those given for NO RESCUE under severe winter conditions, or if Chemical 'warfare attack were combined with atomic attack or if the spread of fire were extensive. Conditions of visibility would also alter the effect of an attack. Poor visibility would reduce the extent of fire and the number of radiation casualties and would have some effect on the chances of pinpointing the target from the air. All calculations are based on an average clear day over a city with a visibility of about six miles. For Saint John one Aiming Point was chosen to give maximum effect on the nighttime distribution of population and another to give the maximum effect on Vital Points considered collectively. An Aiming Point was also chosen to give the maximum effect on Harbour facilities. The present study is confined to the effect of a bomb delivered by an airborne vehicle. It is possible that Saint John, a Port City, with shipbuilding and repairing among its major industries, would be an attractive target for an underwater burst. A separate study will be made of the effects of this type of attack. 000691 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SBCRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 3 V Results of the Study of the City of Saint John A nighttime attack on this city could result in casualties among 55-70$ of the population by a 20 Kiloton bomb, depending on conditions of warning and rescue; and 65-90$ by a 100 Kiloton bomb, and cause serious damage to Vital Points. A nighttime attack on Vital Points \»ouid destroy these points and cause casualties among 40-55$ of the population if a 20 Kiloton bomb were used; 65-85$ by a 100 Kiloton bomb. An attack on the Harbour would destroy many of the Harbour facilities, cause serious^damage to Vital Points and cause casualties among 40-65$ of the population by a 20 Kiloton bomb; 60-85$ by a 100 Kiloton bomb. (a) Effects on Population The effect of an attack on the nighttime population is given in Tables I and II for each Aiming Point and for different conditions of warning and rescue. (b) Effects on Vital Points A summary of the effect on Vital Points is given in Table III for each Aiming Point. The extent of damage to Vital Points and the effect on their various functions is also described below for each of the Aiming Points. The relative importance of each Vital Point to the Canadian - U.S. war effort is indicated by the category (AA, A,B or C),r.which is given for each Vital Point in Appendix "A". A definition of each of the categories is also given in Apjendix "A". 000692 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a /'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 4 (c) Detailed Disoussion of an Attack on Each of the Aiming Points Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # I-N - Chosen to give maximum effect on population by a 20 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 55-70$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). As daytime population information is not at present available it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to Vital Points is described below: Shipbuilding and Ship Repairing Sain^ John Dry Dock Co Ltd - Category A There would be no serious damage to the drydock from an air attack. However all shops and most equipment would receive severe structural damage from blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 10-20$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Petroleum Facilities Imperial Oil Limited - Category A Storage facilities would be completely destroyed by blast and fire. Hydro Power Sources Fuel Power Station N.B. Hydro Electric Commission - Category A Plant and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Port of Saint John i«!harves and Piers - No serious damage would be caused to wharves and piers by this attack. Transit Sheds - Destroyed - Sheds on the Long Wharf and Pugsley Wharf and sheds numbers 5,6,9,10 and 11 would be destroyed. Serious damage - Sheds numbers 1,2,3,7,8 and 12 would be seriously damaged. Moderate damage would be caused to sheds 13 and 14. Grain Elevators - no serious damage would result from blast but there is a probability of damage to the C.N.R. elevator from fire. Shipbuilding and Repairing - the major facilities in this category are discussed above. 000693 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EY.S ONLY - 5 Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # I-N - Chosen to give maximum effect on population by a 100 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 65-90$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). As daytime population information is not at present available it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to Vital Points is described below: Shipbuilding and Ship Repairing Saint John Dry Dock Co Ltd - Category A There would be no serious damage to the dry dock from an air attack. However all shops and equipment would be destroyed. Approximately 25-60$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Petroleum Facilities Imperial Oil Limited - Category A Storage facilities would be completely destroyed by blast and fire. Power Sources Fuel Power Station N.B. Hydro Electric Commission - Category A Plant and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Port of Saint John Wharves and Piers - the following wharves and piers would be seriously damaged by this attack: Long Wharf, Pier number 4 and the Oil Wharves in Courtney Bay. Damage,to other major wharves would not be serious. Transit Sheds - all transit sheds would be destroyed by blast and fire. Grain Elevators - the C.N.R. elevator would be seriously damaged by blast and fire. The National Harbours Board and C.P.R. elevators would not be seriously damaged by blast, but the probability of fire is high. Shipbuilding and Repairing - the major facilities in this category are discussed above. 000694 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 6 * Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point. # 2 - Chosen to give maximum effeot on Vital Paints by a 20 Kiloton bomb A ni^ttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties amohg 40^55$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). As daytime population information is hdt St present available it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to Vital Points is described belowi Shipbuilding and Ship Repairing Saint John Dry Dock Company Limited - Category A The dry dock would not be structurally, damaged by an air attack. All shops and equipment, however, would be destroyed. Approximately 75-100$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Petroleum Facilities Imperial Oil Limited - Category A Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. Power Sources Fuel Power Station, N.B. Electric Power Commission - Category A Plant and equipment would be severely damaged structurally by blast. There is a probability of further damage from fire particularly if stockpile of fuel is held nearby. Approximately 30-60$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Port of Saint John Wharves and Piers - All wharves in Courtney Bay, including the Oil Wharves would be seriously damaged. No serious damage would be caused to other major piers. Transit Sheds - Destroyed - Sheds on Long Wharf and Pugsley Wharf would be destroyed by blast and fire. Moderate damage - sheds numbers 3,5,6,9,10,11,12,13 and 14 would receive moderate structural damage from blast. There is a probability of further damage from fire. Slight damage - sheds 1,2,7 and 8 would receive slight structural damage from blast. Further damage could be caused by fire. Grain Elevators - No serious blast damage would occur but there is a probability of damage from fire, particularly to the C.N.R. elevator. Shipbuilding and Repairing - the major facilities in this category are discussed above. 000695 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY i7« Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 2 * Chosen to give maximum effect on Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 65-85$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). As daytime population information is not at present available it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to Vital Points is described below: Shipbuilding and Ship Repairing Saint John Dry Dock Company Limited - Category A The dry dock would not be structurally damaged by an air attack. All shops and equipment, however, would be destroyed. Approximately 75-100$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Petroleum Facilities Imperial Oil Limited - Category A Storage facilites would be destroyed by blast and fire. Power Sources Buel Power Station, N.B. Electric Power Co.amission - Category A Plant and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 60-70$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Port of Saint John Wharves and Piers - All wharves and piers in Courtney Bay, including the Oil Wharves, would be seriously damaged. No serious damage would be caused to other major piers. Transit Sheds - all transit sheds would be destroyed by blast and fire. Grain Elevators - Elevators would not receive serious structural damage from blast but there is a probability of serious damage from fire. Shipbuilding and Repairing - the major facilities in this category are discussed above. 000696 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN LYES ONLY - 8 Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 5 - Chosen to give maximum effect on Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 40-65$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue(Tables I and II). As daytime population information is not at present available it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to Vital Points is described below: Shipbuilding and Ship Repairing Saint John Dry Dock Company Limited - Category A The dry dock would not be damaged. Very slight structural damage would be caused to the shops by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Petroileum Facilities Imperial Oil Limited - Category A Storage tanks would be destroyed by blast and fire. Power Sources Fuel Power Station, N.B. Electric Power Commission - Category A Plant and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 30-60$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Port of Saint John Wharves and Piers - Pier 4 would be seriously damaged by blast. All other major piers would not be seriously damaged by this attack. Transit Sheds - all sheds would be destroyed by blast and fire. Grain Elevators - the National Harbours Board, C.N.R. and C.P.R. would be destroyed by blast and fire. Shipbuilding and Repairing - the major facilities in this Category are discussed above. 000697 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 9 Effeet of a burst over Aiming Point # 5 - Chosen to, give maximum effect on Vital Points by a.100 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this1 Aiming Point would cause casualties among 60-85$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). As daytime population information is not at present available it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to Vital Points is described below: Shipbuilding and Ship Repairing Saint John Dry Dock Company Limited - Category A The dry dock would not be damaged. Shops would receive severe structural damage from blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 15-30$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Petroleum Facilities Imperial Oil Limited - Category A Storage tanks would be destroyed by blast and fire. Power Sources Fuel Power Station, N.B. Electric Power Commission - Category A Plant and equipment would be destroyed by a combination of blast and fire. Approximately 65-90$ of shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Port of Saint John Wharves and Piers - Pier 4, Long Wharf and the Oil Wharf of Imperial Oil Company in Courtney Bay would be seriously damaged by this attack. All other major wharves and piers would not be seriously damaged. Transit Sheds - all sheds would be destroyed by blast and fire. Grain Elevators - All grain elevators would be destroyed by blast and fire. Shipbuilding and Repairing - the major facilities in this category are discussed above. (d) Effects on Morale It is expected that the effect on morale in large centres of population in Canada, and at least the northern parts of the United States, would be much the same whichever city is attacked by an atomic bomb. The effect will probably be somewhat proportionate to the size of the casualties inflicted by individual bombs and by the number of cities attacked. Air Navigation Aspects of an Attack With the equipment at present available to the Russian Long Range Air Force, Saint John would be a very easy target to locate on either a hji.gh or low level attack under any weather conditions for a well trained navigator not familiar with the area. Accuracy in identifying specific Aliiiing Points is a more critical aspect. However, the area of the city is small and the Vital Points are situated within the city and are not too widely separated. An atomic explosion over almost any part of the built up area would cause serious damage to both Vital Points and Population; though of a lesser magnitude than described by this report. 000698 / �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES - CITY OF SAINT JOHN TOP SECRET NIGHTTIME ATTACK 20 K i l o t o n Bomb CANADIAN EYES OF 100 K i l o t o n Bomb Aiming P o i n t if 1 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on P o p u l a t i o n Seriously Injured Killed Lightly Injured Killed Seriously I n j u r ed Lightly Injured No W a r n i n g - No Rescue 37,600 5,400 3,600 No Warning - No Rescue 50,300 5,000 2,600 No Warning - With Rescue 26,900 9,700 5,500 No Warning - With Rescue 38,100 11,100 4,800 With Warning - Uith Rescuo 23,200 7,700 5,400 With Warning - With Rescue 33,100 8,000 4,400 Aiming Point Ji IT 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effoct on V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning — No Resoue 27,100 6,500 4,500 No Warning - No Rescue 44,300 6,000 3,600 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 17,400 10,800 6,300 No Warning - With Rescue 29,800 12,500 6,200 With Warning - With Rescue 13,700 8,200 6,000 With Warning - With Rescue 24,700 8,700 5,400 Aiming Poin t 4 3 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on Harbour F a c i l i t i e s No Warning - No Rescue 29,200 7,300 5,000 No Warning - No Rescue 46,500 6,400 3,200 No Warning - With Rescue 13,300 13,400 7,800 No Warning - With Rescue 29,600 15,100 6,300 8,800 10.100 7,400 With Warning - V/ith Rescue 22,600 10,600 5,700 With Warning - With Rescue 000699 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TABLS II - CASUALTIES AS PERCENTAGE CF POPUIATIONx CANADIAJEYES ONLY NIGHTTIME ATTACK 20 K j l o t o n Bomb 100 K i l o t o n Bomb Aiming Poin t ft 1 - Choson t o Give Maximum Effect on P o p u l a t i o n Killed Lightly Injured Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured No Warning - No Rescue 55 10 5 No Warning - No Rescue 75 10 5 No Warning - With Reseue 40 15 10 No Warning - With Rescue 60 15 5 With Warning - With Rescue 35 10 10 With Warning - With Rescue 50 10 5 Aiming Point ft 2_ - Chosen t o Give MaximiHa Effect on V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue 40 10 5 No Warning - No Rescue 70 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 25 15 10 No Warning - 'With Rescue 45 20 10 With Warning - With Rescue 20 10 10 With Warning - With Rescue 40 15 10 Aiming Point ft. 3_ - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on Harbour F a c i l i t i e s No Warning - No Rescue 45 10 10 No Warning - No Rescue 70 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 20 20 10 No Warning - With Rescue 45 25 10 With Warning - With Rescue 15 15 10 V/ith Warning - With Rescue 35 15 10 x Based on 65,700 within 3 miles of an Aiming Point. The population of the metropolitan area i s 78,300 of the c i t y proper i s 50,800 000700 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POD-ITS TOP SECRET CANADL'iN EYES 01-HLY Aiming P o i n t ft I-N - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on P o p u l a t i o n Vital Point Vital Point Category Structural Damage by b l a s t (fo) Probability of Fire Damage to Contents With F i r e No F i r e — - M « I . j a r . • • » — — i i i i m i ' • • — • 20 K i l o t o n Boirib 3aint John Dry Dock Co Ltd A 75$ Approx Med Imperial Oil Ltd Courtenay Bay A 100 High Fuel Power Station NB Electric Power Commission A 100 High 100 100 100 100 100 100 75 - 100 * £ Approx 75$ 100 Kiloton Bomb Saint John Dry Dock Co Ltd A 100 High Imperial Oil Ltd Courtenay Bay A 100 High Fuel Power Station NB Electric Power Commission A 100 High 000701 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABIE I I I - 3DLJMART OF EFFECT ON VIT'.L POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Poin t ftf 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on V i t a l P o i n t s Vital Point Vital Point Category Structural Damage by Blast ($) Probability of Fire Damage to Contents With Fire 100 100 Med 100 75 - 100 100 100 100 100 No Fire 20 Kiloton Bomb S a i n t John Dry Dock Co Ltd A 100 High I m p e r i a l Oil Ltd Court enay Bay A 100 High F u e l Power S t a t i o n NB E l e c t r i c Powor Commission A 75 - 100 100 Kiloton Bomb Saint John Dry Dock Co Ltd A 100 High I m p e r i a l O i l Ltd Courtenay Bay A 100 High Fuel Power S t a t i o n NB E l e c t r i c Power Commission A 100 High 000702 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE III - SOMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET -CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point ft 3 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on Harbour F a c i l i t i e s Vital Point v i t a l Point Category Structural Damage by Blast (fo) Probability of Fire Damage t o Contents With F i r e No Fire 20 Kiloton Bomb Saint John Dry Dock Co Ltd A 0-25 Med Imperial Oil Ltd Courtenay Bay A 100 High Fuel Power S t a t i o n NB E l e c t r i c Powor Commission A 100 High 75 - 100 0-25 100 100 100 Kiloton Bomb Saint John Dry Dock Co Ltd A Imperial Oil Ltd Courtenay Bay A 100 High Fuel Power S t a t i o n , NB E l e c t r i c Power Commission A 100 High 75 - 100 Med 75 - 100 100 75$ Approx 100 000703 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY APPENDIX "A" - STUDY OF CITY OF SAINT JOHN For the City 6f Saint John the iist of Vital Points as determined by the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital Points is as follows: Saint John Drydock Cb» Ltd Imperial Oil, near Pitt and Broad Streets, Courtney Bay Saint John Fuel Power Station of New Brunswick Electric Power Commission The categories determined by the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital Points are designed for sabotage studies. They have been adapted for the present study by raising those points which are important to the joint Canadian U.S. war effort from Category "A" to a superior Category "AA", and by restating the significance of the categories. The categories used are as follows: Category;., '..AA" Individual plant s or buildings of sufficient importance t o the North American war effort t o be considered possible atomic bomb t a r g e t s , , i r r e s p e c t i v e of any e f f e c t s of an A-bomb attack on the t a r g e t on other v i t a l points . Additional effects w i l l , however, play a part in determining the r e l a t i v e importance of Category "AA" t a r g e t s and they have, t h e r e f o r e , been studied and reported. Category "A" Individual plants or buildings not of sufficient importance t o the North American war effort to be considered A-bomb t a r g e t s by themselves, but which may become A-bomb t a r g e t s if the other effects of the explosion of a bomb over the t a r g e t would produce a sufficient cumulative effect on population and other v i t a l p o i n t s . Category "B" Important points to be considered in conjunction with a t t a c k s on Category "AA" and Category "A" t a r g e t s . Category "C" Minor points to be considered in conjunction with attacks on Category "AA" and Category "A" targets. 000704 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CDIM02652 Title A name given to the resource Report, "Atomic Vulnerability Study of Canada, The City of Saint John" Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1953-06-22 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Nuclear Vulnerability Study, RG25, Vol. 4563, File 50041-A-40, Part 2, LAC. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Department of External Affairs Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Canadian Crown Subject The topic of the resource Early Cold War, Atomic Vulnerability Description An account of the resource Atomic Vulnerability Study Panel, Ottawa Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Canada Declassified Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource en https://declassified.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/457ccd5c47590f3b7eb370bf1677ef69.pdf 7f077193dbf3049cec6235c0053d4b99 PDF Text Text Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information __ 2 JIBTS 200-2113-2 TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY I G* QQ> i// «. Ji I y ^ nu n *l£ ATOMIC VULNERABILITY STUDY OF CANADA CASUALTY ESTIMATES NIGETTDE ATTACK 000705 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information . tftf, ', . "• I TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY CASUALTY ESTIMATES - NIGHTTIME ATTACK ST. JOHN'S 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point # I - N - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 43,300 5,000 2,500 50,400 3,500 1,300 No Warning - With Rescue 30,800 11,100 4,800 41,800 9,000 2,900 With Warning - With Rescue 25,500 9,400 6,200 36,900 7,500 4,200 Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Vital Points & Harbour No Warning - No Rescue 41,400 5,400 2,800 49,600 3,800 1,500 No Warning - With Rescue 27,800 11,800 5,300 39,900 9,900 3,300 With Warning - With Rescue 22,400 9,700 6,500 34,600 8,000 4,400 ,000706 | �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY CASUALTY ESTIMATES - NIGHTTIME ATTACK HALIFAX 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kiloton. Bomb Aiming Point # I-N - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed ' • Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 57,300 9,700 4,800 75,600 7,300 3,200 No Warning - With Rescue 37,200 19,500 9,400 57,300 17,600 6,500 With Warning - With Rescue 29,000 15,500 10,600 48,700 13,500 7,600 Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Vital Points No Warning - No Rescue 43,500 10,300 6,600 69,300 8,800 4,100 No Warning - With Rescue 24,800 17,800 8,300 45,800 20,200 8,300 With Warning - With Rescue 18,900 13,300 9,400 36,700 14,000 7,500 Aiming Point # 5 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on HMC Dockyard No Warning - No Rescue 37,600 10,600 7,000 64,900 9,200 4,600 No Warning - With Rescue 19,800 17,400 10,200 41,000 20,900 9,000 With Warning - With Rescue 14,500 12,600 9,100 31,900 14,100 7,500 Aiming Point # 4 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Ocean Terminals No Warning - No Rescue 24,700 8,600 6,200 43,600 10,100 5,900 No Warning - With Rescue 13,700 12,100 7,900 29,700 19,200 10,100 With Warning - With, Rescue 11,000 8,300 6,300 23,000 12,200 7,000 000707 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET i CANADIAN EYES ONLY CASUALTY ESTIMATES - NIGHTTIME ATTACK SAINT JOHN 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point ft I - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population Killed Seriously ^-tf-tftf^tftftf. Injured Lightly Injured Killed ____ Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 37,600 5,400 3,600 50,300 5,000 2,600 No Warning - With Rescue 26,900 9,700 5,500 38,100 11,100 4,800 With Warning - V/lth Rescue 23,200 7,700 5,400 33,100 8,000 4,400 Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Vital Points No Warning - No Rescue 27,100 6,500 4,500 44,300 6,000 3,600 No Warning - With Rescue 17,400 10,800 6,300 29,800 12,500 6,200 With Warning - With Rescue 13,700 8,200 6,000 24,700 8,700 5,400 Aiming Point # 5 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Harbour Facilities No Warning - No Rescue 29,200 7,300 5,000 46,500 6,400 3,200 No Warning - With Rescue 13,300 13,400 7,800 29,600 15,100 6,300 8,800 10,100 7,400 22,600 10,600 5,700 With Warning - Witt Rescue 000708 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a /'information % \ f -' TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY CASUALTY ESTIMATES - NIGHTTIME ATTACK QUEBEC 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point # I - Chosen to Give Maxiraum Effeot on Population Killed — — Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed . Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 99,900 18,900 11,200 137,200 15,100 7,400 No Warning - With Rescue 67,900 33,400 18,900 102,600 32,800 13,700 With Warning - With Rescue 54,800 36,000 18,400 87,800 25,100 14,500 131,000 16,500 8,700 No Warning - With Rescue 93,800 35,400 15,800 With Warning - With Rescue 78,200 28,900 15,700 Aiming Point ft 2k - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb No Warning - No Rescue 19,000 15,900 13,400 6,200 19,000 15,100 With Warning - With Rescue 3,900 11,400 9,900 No Warning - With Rescue Aiming Point ft 2B - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb No Warning - No Rescue 000709 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY CASUALTY ESTIMATES - NIGHTTIME ATTACK MONTREAL 20 Kiloton Bomb — — • — • » — • • • I — i 100 Kiloton Bomb i n i a n w i • • » I I M . « » Aiming Point # I - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Group of Vital Points Killed _____ Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed _____ Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 20,100 4,500 2,900 32,000 12,400 9,600 No Warning - With Rescue 13,300 7,500 4,100 21,600 16,800 11,500 With Warning - V/ith Rescue 10,800 5,800 4,100 18,000 11,000 8,000 Aiming Point ft 2 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of Vital Points No Warning - No Rescue 16,200 10,100 8,000 58,000 28,800 23,200 No Warning - With Rescue 8,200 12,700 9,400 24,200 39,000 28,900 With Warning - With Rescue 6,000 8,400 6,700 17,000 23,700 17,400 Aiming Point ft 5 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Third Grouping of Vital Points No Warning - No Rescue 60,500 33,700 25,800 165,300 54,600 40,100 No Warning - With Rescue 29,600 46,100 31,400 84,500 84,100 53,800 With Warning - With Rescue 19,200 31,100 24,300 61,700 52,100 35,100 Aiming Point ft- 4 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Fourth Grouping of Vital Points No Warning - No Rescue 88,300 35,200 27,800 174,700 73,400 57,300 No Warning - With Rescue 53,000 50,600 34,300 109,700 99,000 68;800 With Warning - V/ith Rescue 39,500 34,300 28,200 87,900 61,900 45,500 Aiming Point ft 5 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Fifth Grouping of Vital Points No Warning - No Rescue 23,100 12,500 9,400 63,000 38,500 29,500 No Warning - With Rescue 11,800 17,200 11,500 31,400 49,900 35,300 7,800 11,900 9,200 22,700 31,000 22,100 V/ith Warning - V/ith Rescue ,',',' fi 000710 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES. ONLY CASUALTY ESTIMATES. .* NIGHTTIME ATTACK MONTREAL 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point ft 6 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Sixth Grouping of Vital Points Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously In.iured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 85,900 34,000 25,200 200,000 66,000 50,800 No Warning - With Rescue 49,300 48,900 32,400 105,900 98,800 67,000 With Warning - With Rescue 37,200 34,200 26,000 81,100 62,500 43,400 Aiming Point # 7 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Seventh Grouping of Vital Points No Warning - No Rescue 26,000 14,700 11,500 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 10,000 17,800 11,700 5,700 13,800 11,100 With Warning - With Rescue 70,200 43,500 34,100 34,200 56,300 40,400 23,300 34,700 24,800 Aiming Point ft 8 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect oa a Eight Grouping of Vital Points No Warning - No Rescue 10,100 3,800 3,000 21,400 12,600 10,500 No Warning - With Rescue 4,500 5,800 4,000 11,900 16,500 12,200 With Warning - With Rescue 3,000 4,100 3,200 8,700 10,500 7,800 Aiming Point ft 9 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Ninth Grouping of Vital Points No Warning - No Rescue 0 500 500 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 0 500 500 V/ith Warning - With Rescue 0 300 300 Aiming Point ft I-N - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population During a Nighttime Attack No Warning - No Rescue 180,200 62,000/. 45,900/•••. 351,000, -.91,600,,, 64,900 No V/arning - With Rescue 92,900 97,500 61,600 207,400 151,900 89,700 V/ith V/arning - With Rescue 64,600 69,800 53,000 159,200 63,700 98,700 000711 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY CASUALTY SSTIMAIES - NIGHTTIME ATTACK OTTAViA 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point # I - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously .N Injured Lightly Inured No Warning - No Rescue 77,000 22,100 14,300 131,800 20,100 9,800 No V/arning - With Rescue 39,600 36,700 20,900 82,900 43,200 17,500 With V/arning - V/ith Rescue 27,900 26,900 19,600 64,500 30,400 16,400 124,400 19,700 10,000 No Warning - With Rescue 78,500 40,400 19,500 With Warning - With Rescue 62,700 26,100 14,200 Aiming Point ft 2k - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb No Warning - No Rescue 73,900 20,700 14,900 No V/arning - V/ith Rescue 40,000 31,600 20,700 With Warning - With Rescue 31,800 22,200 16,700 Aiming Point ft 2B - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb No V/arning - No Rescue 000712 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY OASUALTY ESTIMATES - NIGHTTIME ATTACK TORONTO 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kllo.tftn Bomb Aiming Point ft I - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Nighttime Distribution of Population and on One Grouping of Vital Points Killed _ Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed ' Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No V/arning - No Rescue 50,200 36,200 32,400 136,400 67,400 48,800 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 29,800 43,000 36,000 81,000 87,700 58,500 With V/arning - V/ith Rescue 24,300 25,500 23,700 61,400 50,400 34,200 Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of Vital Points No V/arning - No Rescue 63,600 49,000 43,600 171,000 84,400 62,000 No Warning - With Rescue 40,000 57,800 47,900 107,300 108,200 72,200 With V/arning - With Rescue 30,400 33,600 31,700 83,300 62,100 43,000 Aiming Point # 3 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Third Grouping of Vital Points No V/arning - No Rescue 45,000 29,900 26,400 105,500 58,900 47,900 No V/arning - V/ith Rescue 27,000 37,200 29,700 68,600 73,600 54,000 V/ith V/arning - With Rescue 18,800 22,300 20,500 53,800 42,800 32,400 Aiming Point # 4 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Fourth Grouping of Vital Points No Warning - No Rescue . 31,900 22,500 20,800 88,000 56,800 49,900 • 17,800 27,900 23,300 49,800 70,000 56,200 With V/arning - V/ith Rescue 12,900 17,200 15,800 37,500 40,400 29,400 No Warning - With Rescue Aiming Point ft 5 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Fifth Grouping of Vital Points No Warning - No Rescue 56,200 25,900 22,000 109,800 50,800 40,000 No V/arning - V/ith Rescue 36,^00 37,100 29,300 70,200 65,600 46,000 With V/arning - V/ith.Rescue 27,600 23,700 20,400 59,800 39,200 28,800 000713 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information 1 '• - TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY CASUALTY ESTIMATES - NIGHTTIME ATTACK TORONTO 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point ft 6 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Sixth Grouping of Vital Points Killed Seriously Lightly Killed Seriously Lightly _ .Injured . Injured _____ Injured Injured LM No Warning - No Rescue 20,300 17,900 16,500 63,300 48,100 41,600 8,400 21,900 18,500 34,400 59,000 46,400 V/ith Warning - V/ith Rescue 5,100 13,300 12,000 23,900 33,600 21,800 No Warning - V/ith Rescue Aiming Point ft 7 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Seventh Grouping of Vital Points No Warning - No Rescue 11,300 11,900 11,900 33,600 44,600 41,100 No V/arning - V/ith Rescue 8,900 13,000 12,300 22,100 48,200 42,900 With V/arning - V/ith Rescue 7,400 7,500 7,500 16,800 27,200 23,400 000714 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET - ^ CANADIAN EYES ONLY OASUAI/TY ESTIMMES - NIGHTTIME ATTACK HAMILTON 4MMMMMMHHM* 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point ft I - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population Killed Seriously ———. Injured Lightly Injured Killed M Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 53,100 21,800 16,400 100,000 25,700 14,700 No V/arning - With Rescue 32,100 29,700 19,600 66,300 40,200 20,500 V/ith V/arning - V/ith Rescue 24,700 19,500 16,200 53,400 25,700 15,300 Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on One Grouping of Vital Points No V/arning - No Rescue 29,200 11,300 9,400 54,200 20,100 14,300 No V/arning - V/ith Rescue 17,100 16,500 11,600 35,600 28,200 17,400 With Warning - With Rescue 12,700 11,300 9,200 28,000 17,500 11,400 Aiming Point # 3 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of Vital Points No Warning - No Rescue 28,500 18,700 15,700 76,700 25,900 16,100 No Warning - With Rescue 16,100 22,500 17,900 43,900 37,900 22,400 V/ith V/arning - With Rescue 11,600 14,500 12,700 33,500 22,600 14,500 Aiming Point ft i4 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Third Grouping of Vital Points No V/arning - No Rescue 36,800 19,300 15,600 82,600 25,600 16,100 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 25,900 23,900 17,500 52,600 36,800 21,000 With Warning - With Rescue 20,800 15,100 12,900 42,500 20,700 14,000 000715 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY CASUALTY ESTIMATES - NIGHTTIME ATTACK LONDON 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point # I - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population Killed Seriously ______ Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously _______ Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 38,800 12,400 8,300 71,300 11,000 5,100 No V/arning .- With Rescue 20,900 18,900 11,400 43,900 23,300 10,000 With V/arning - With Rescue 15,600 13,400 10,000 34,300 15,500 8,200 Aiming Point # 2A - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb No V/arning - No Rescue 6,700 3,900 3,300 No V/arning - With Rescue 2,800 4,800 3,900 With Warning - With Rescue 2,300 3,100 2,500 Aiming Point # 2B - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomv No V/arning - No Rescue 32,300 11,600 8,200 No V/arning - With Rescue 15,900 17,400 10,900 V/ith V/arning - V/ith Rescue 11,400 10,800 6,800 000716 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY CASUALTY ESTIMMES - NIGHTTIME ATTACK WINDSOR 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point # I - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on One Isolated Group of Vital Points Killed , Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously „____. Injured Lightly Injured No V/arning - No Rescue 35,900 10,800 7,500 65,200 13,100 7,700 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 18,100 17,700 10,700 39,400 24,500 12,200 With Warning - With Rescue 12,800 12,800 9,500 30,300 16,300 9,400 Aiming Point ft 2 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Second Isolated Group of Vital Pts No V/arning - No Rescue 2,900 1,900 1,400 No Warning - With Rescue 800 2,400 1,800 With Warning - V/ith Rescue 500 1,600 1,300 10,200 6,400 4,700 4,100 8,300 5,800 2,500 5,100 3,400 000717 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY CASUALTY.ESTIMATES- NIGHTTIME ATTACK WINNIPEG 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Po^nt ft I-N - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on Population Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No V/araing - No Rescue 69,100 23,000 16,500 No V/arning - V/ith Rescue 44,100 32,800 With V/arning - With Rescue 35,500 23,100 Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured 145,800 30,000 18,200 21,000 83,400 52,200 29,000 17,500 66,900 33,800 20,700 Aiming Pofot ft 2AI - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on One Grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb No Warning - No Rescue 7.000 6,200 4,800 No V/arning - V/ith Rescue 2,200 7,600 5,600 With Warning - With Rescue 1,200 , 5,000 4,000 Aiming Point ft 2BI - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on One Grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb No Warning - No Rescue 73,800 No Warning - With Rescue 28,800 With V/arning - V/ith Rescue 18,400 t 28,000 20,000 42,500 27,600 25,900 16,700 Aiming Point ft 2k2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb :To V/arning - No Rescue 68,800 24,200 17,000 No V/arning - With Rescue 38,300 35,200 22,400 V/ith V/arning - V/ith Rescue 29,300 24,600 18,500 Aiming Point ft 2B2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of V i t a l Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb No V/arning - No Rescue 46,000 24,300 18,400 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 17,600 31,800 23,300 With V/arning - With Rescue 11,400 21,200 17,200 000718 till % �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET ) CANADIAN EYES ONLY CASUALTY ESTIMATES - NIGHTTIME ATTACK WINNIPEG 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point ft 2A3 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Third Grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb Killed , Seriously Injured Lightly Injured 13,200 10,900 8,800 No V/arning - V/ith Rescue 9,400 14,400 10,600 V/ith Warning - V/ith Rescue 6,800 9,700 7,700 No V/arning - No Resoue Killed Seriously Injured mmmmmmmm Lightly Injured 000719 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY CASUALTY ESTIMATES - NIGHTTIME ATTACK REGINA 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point ft I - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population Killed Seriously In.iured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Lightly ______ Injured In.iured No Warning - No Rescue 40,300 7,400 4,300 55,200 6,000 2,400 No Warning - With Rescue 24,100 14,000 7,200 39,800 14,600 5,200 With Warning - With Rescue 18,700 11,000 7,500 32,700 10,900 5,400 Aiming Point /,' 2 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Vital Points No 1/arning - No Rescue 600 1,700 1,500 9,100 7,800 5,900 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 100 1,700 1,600 2,100 9,200 7,100 0 1,100 1,000 1,000 5,500 4,000 V/ith Warning - V/ith Rescue 000720 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY CASUALTY ESTIMATES - NICHTTIffl ATTACK EDMONTON 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kiloton Bogfb Aiming Point ft I - N - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population Killed —.—. Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously . ,Injurqd Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 36,500 11,200 7,600 76,300 16,800 10,300 No V/arning - With Rescue 21,200 17,000 10,300 41,800 39,400 16,200 V/ith Warning - With Resoue 16,600 12,300 8,900 38,600 19,000 13.,400 Aiming Point § 2 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effeot on One Grouping of Vital Points No Warning - No Rescue 29,300 11,300 No Warn.ing - With Rescue 14,500 16,400 With Warning - With Rescue 10,700 11,300 8,100 70700 17,400 10,700 10,700 35,500 30,000 16,800 8,500 26,200 19,000 U,g0O Aiming Po^nt ft 3 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of Vital Points No Warning - No Rescue 11,300 6,800 4,900 38,900 13,900 9,600 No V/arning - With Rescue 4,500 9,200 6,100 15,900 21,300 13,500 V/ith V/arning - With Rescue 2,700 6,300 4,700 10,700 13,300 8,600 000721 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY CASUALTY ESTIMATES - NIGHTTIME ATTACK CALGARY 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point ft I - Chosen to Give Maximum Effeot on Population Killed Seriously — — — . Injured Lightly Injured Killed mmmmmmmm Seriously Injured L Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 43,500 11,800 7,500 78,200 12,100 6,300 No Warning - With Rescue 23,700 19,500 11,000 47,200 25,700 11,700 With V/arning - With Rescue 17,600 14,500 10,100 36,500 17,800 9,SO© Aiming Point ft 2AI - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on One Isolated Group of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb No V/arning - No Rescue 1,800 2,000 1,700 No V/arning - With Rescue 900 2,300 1,800 With V/arning - V/ith Rescue 600 1,500 1,200 Aiming Point ft 2A2 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Second isolated Group of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb No V/arning - No Rescue 400 600 500 No Warning - With Rescue 100 600 500 0 400 300 With V/arning - V/ith Rescue Aiming Point ft 2B - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb No V/arning -Mo Rescue 4,600 6., 300 5,200 No Warning - With Rescue 1,300 7,100 5,700 700 4,300 3,300 With Warning - With Rescue 000722 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information i. '*•'. TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY CASUALTY ESTIMATES - NIGHTTIME ATTACK VANCOUVER 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kilotoft Bomb Aiming Point ft I - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population by a 80 Kiloton Bomb Killed _ Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Resoue 29,000 10,200 7,500 No v/arning - With Rescue 17,100 15,500 9,700 With Warning - With Rescue 11,800 11,600 9,800 Killed _ Seriously Injured Rightly Injured Aiming Point ft 2 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on one Isolated Group of Vital Poiats. No V/arning - No Rescue No V/arning - V/ith Rescue With Warning - With Rescue 8,300 5,000 4,100 2,600 3,700 1,900 2,500 17,100 9,500 7,800 10,500 5,600 7,000 2,600 2,000 7,400 6,600 4,400 Aiming Point ft 5A - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on One Grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb No V/arning - No Rescue 16,500 9,600 8,100 No V/arning - With Rescue 7,900 11,700 9,600 With V/arning - V/ith Rescue 6,200 7,700 6,700 Aiming Point ft 5B - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population and on one Grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb No Warning - No Rescue 65,500 20,800 16,700 No V/arning - With Rescue 35,900 32,500 22,100 With Warning - With Rescue 26,500 21,100 15,500 Aiming Point ft 4A - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of Vital Points by a ftO .Kiloton Bomb No V/arning - No Rescue 9,400 7,900 7,100 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 4,900 9,200 7,800 With Warning - With Rescue 3,600 6,200 5,700 000723 *.*. 2 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET • CANADIAN EYES ONLY CASUALTY ESTIMATES - NIGHTTIME ATTACK VANCOUVER 20 Kiloton Bomb 100Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point ft 4B - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of Vital Points **•• Killed . — — Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Resoue by a 100 Kiloton,, Bomb Killed Seriously Lightly _____ Injured Injured 8,900 2,300 1,800 No V/arning - With Rescue 900 8,800 2,100 V/ith V/arning - With Resoue 600 1,700 1,300 Aiming Po;lnt ft §k - Chosen to Give Maximm Effeot on a Third Grouping of Vital Points by a 30 Kiloton Bomb No Warning - No Rescue 25,000 13,200 10,900 No V/arning - V/ith Rescue 8,900 17,700 13,600 With V/arning - With Rescue 5,500 11,500 10,200 Aiming Point ft 6A - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Fourth Grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb No Warning - No Rescue No Warning - With Rescue With Warning - With Reseue . 100 100 0 200 100 gOO 100 100 100 000724 �TOP SECK3T CANADIAN EYLS ONLY CASUALTY ESTB&TES - NIGHTTBJE ATTACK VICTORIA 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point ft I - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 28,000 7,900 5,100 50,600 8,900 4,900 No V/arning - With Rescue 15,300 12,900 7,400 30,700 17,500 8,400 V/ith Warning - With Rescue 11,300 9,500 6,700 24,000 11,800 6,600 Aiming Point ft 2 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Outer Commercial Harbour and Installations No Warning - No Rescue 5,100 2,500 1,800 13,500 6,100 4,300 No V/arning - With Rescue 1,800 3,500 2,300 6,300 8,800 5,600 With Warning - V/ith Rescue 1,100 2,400 1,800 4,300 5,500 3,500 Aiming Point # 5 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Esquimalt Harbour & Graving Dock No V/arning - No Rescue No Warning - With Rescue With Warning - With Rescue 5,300 3,800 28,900 9,400 6,000 ' 4,600 7,300 4,800 13,200 14,700 8,600 3,100 4,900 3,600 9,300 9,200 5,500 9,600 000725 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CDIM02651 Title A name given to the resource Report, "Atomic Vulnerability Study of Canada, Casualty Estimates, Nighttime Attack" Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1953-06-22 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Nuclear Vulnerability Study, RG25, Vol. 4563, File 50041-A-40, Part 2, LAC. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Department of External Affairs Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Canadian Crown Subject The topic of the resource Early Cold War, Atomic Vulnerability Description An account of the resource Atomic Vulnerability Study Panel, Ottawa Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Canada Declassified Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource en https://declassified.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/dbd4fb9daafe40cbbbe3d2d05a421b63.pdf 676bfc67c559b224fe6cc9fe26679345 PDF Text Text T Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information JIBTS 200-2113-2 TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY . » ATOMIC VUINERABILITY STUDY OF CANADA CASUALTY ESTIMATES DAYTIME ATTACK 000726 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY CASUALTY ESTIMATES - DAYTIME ATTACK HALIFAX 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point # I - D - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No V/arning - No Rescue 57,800 11,100 5,200 81,400 9,800 4,500 No V/arning - With Rescue 38,000 19,800 9,800 58,700 21,300 8,600 With Warning - With Rescue 30,500 15,700 10,500 49,100 16,000 8,700 Aiming Point ft 2 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Vital Points No Warning - No Rescue 43,900 12,000 7,300 81,000 10,200 4,600 No Warning - With Rescue 33,200 20,000 11,800 53,700 22,600 9,000 With V/arning - With Rescue 25,800 15,700 11,000 46,300 16,200 8,600 Aiming Point ft 3 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on HMC Dockyard No Warning - No Rescue 40,900 12,100 8,500 72,300 No Warning - With Rescue 21,600 19,600 11,900 45,300 With Warning - With Rescue 15,800 14,200 10,400 35,100 11,300 24,000 16,800 5,700 10,400 8,500 Aiming Point ft 4 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Ocean Terminals No Warning - No Rescue 31,900 10,700 7,900 64,300 11,300 6,800 No Warning - With Rescue 19,300 15,100 10,000 38,700 21,300 11,500 With V/arning - V/ith Rescue 15,400 10,100 8,000 31,100 13,700 8,400 000727 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP S.ECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY CASUALTY ESTIMATES - DAYTIME ATTACK MONTREAL 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point ft I - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on one Group of Vital Points Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 24,300 4,800 3,000 34,600 9,600 7,400 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 16,000 8,600 4,500 25,100 14,300 9,100 V/ith Warning - With Rescue 12,700 6,700 4,700 21,200 9,800 6,900 Aiming Point ft 2 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of Vital Points No Werning - No Rescue 13,400 9,100 7,700 52,200 30,300 24,300 No Warning - With Rescue 7,700 11,000 8,600 21,100 38,800 29,600 With Warning - With Rescue 6,100 7,200 6,000 15,000 23,400 17,500 Aiming Point ft 5 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Third Grouping of Vital Points No V/arning - No Rescue 71,600 30,600 23,000 156,300 48,600 36,800 No V/arning - With Rescue 35,800 45,300 29,500 89,200 75,800 48,500 With Warning - V/ith Rescue 23,800 31,300 24,400 67,700 47,700 32,900 Aiming Point ft 4 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Fourth Grouping of Vital Points No Warning - No Rescue 91,700 36,200 28,400 175,900 75,800 59,500 No Warning - With Rescue 56,800 52,300 34,900 113,300 100,800 70,500 With Warning - V/ith Rescue 42,300 36,200 29,400 91,200 63,600 46,300 Aiming Point ft 5 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Fifth Grouping of Vital Points No Warning - No Rescue 32,600 15,800 11,600 77,700 42,700 32,000 No Warning - With Rescue 15,900 23,000 14,600 41,600 56,100 38,300 9,900 16,200 12,400 30,500 35,200 24,800 With V/arning - With Rescue i••• 2 000728 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information H v TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY CASUALTY ESTIMATES - DAYTIME ATTACK MONTREAL 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point ft 6 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Sixth Grouping of Vital Points Killed _ No V/arning - No Rescue Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured 102,500 37,600 27,500 221,700 69,700 53,400 No Warning - With Rescue 58,800 55,700 35,400 122,700 105,700 70,500 V/ith V/arning - V/ith Rescue 43,800 39,600 30,000 95,300 67,600 46,700 Aiming Point ft 7 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Seventh Grouping of Vital Points No Warning - No Rescue 37,800 17,800 13,100 89,800 48,400 37,300 No Warning - With Rescue 15,900 26,600 17,100 46,300 64,500 45,000 9,000 18,700 14,500 33,100 40,400 28,700 With V/arning - With Rescue Aiming Point ft 8 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Eight Grouping of Vital Points No Warning - No Rescue 10,000 3,500 2,600 19,800 8,500 6,900 No Warning - With Rescue 4,400 5,200 3,500 11,200 12,200 8,200 With Warning - With Rescue 3,200 3,500 2,700 8,000 7,400 5,300 Aiming Point ft 9 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Ninth Grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb No V/arning - No Rescue 0 600 600 No Warning - With Rescue 0 600 600 With Warning - V/ith Rescue 0 300 400 Aiming Point ft I-D - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population During a Daytime Attack No Warning - No Rescue 207,200 68,200 52,200 383,600 90,400 58,900 No V/arning - V/ith Rescue 114,600 103,800 68,600 238,000 153,600 84,000 56,400 185,600 60,200 V/ith V/arning - With Rescue 85,900 73,200 99,700 000729 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu dela Loi sur I'acces a I'information M. TOP SECRET Cl CANADIAN EYES ONLY CASUALTY ESTIMATES - DAYTIME ATTACK 0TTA,«A 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point ft I - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously ______ Injured Lightly Injured No V/arning i-No Rescue 99,100 23,000 14,300 144,000 22,000 11,200 No V/arning - With Rescue 71,000 34,900 19,400 105,000 40,400 18,100 With Warning - With Rescue 59,000 27,300 19,300 88,600 30,600 17,300 Aiming Point ft 2A - Chosen to Give Maxiraum Effect on Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb No Warning - No Rescue 80,400 23,600 18,400 No V/arning - With Rescue 51,500 34,700 23,500 With Warning - With Rescue 42,800 23,800 20,100 Aiming Point ft 2B - Chosen t o Give Meximum Effect on V i t a l Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb No Warning - No Rescue 117,500 23,000 16,000 No Warning - With Rescue 78,500 39,900 23,700 V/ith V/arning - V/ith Rescue 64,400 25,400 18,200 000730 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN. EYES ONLY CASUALTY ESTIMATES - DAYTIME ATTACK CALGARY 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point ft I - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population Killed Seriously .Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured No Warning - No Rescue 45,300 No V/arning - V/ith Rescue V/ith Warning - With Rescue Lightly In.iured 12,400 7,800 76,200 11,700 5,900 27,800 19,600 10,900 49,500 23,600 10,600 21,500 14,500 10,300 39,900 16,600 9,200 Aiming Point ft 2AI - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on One Isolated Group of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb No Warning - No Rescue 1,900 2,500 2,200 No V/arning - With Rescue 900 2,800 2,400 With V/arning - With Rescue 600 1,700 1,600 Aiming Point ft 2A2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a Second Isolated Group of Vital points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb No V/arning - No Rescue 700 700 600 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 100 800 700 With V/arning - V/ith Rescue 200 500 400 Aiming Point ft 2B - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton B No Warning - No Rescue 5,700 5,900 5,200 No V/arning - V/ith Rescue 2,000 6,900 5,800 With Warning - With Rescue 1,300 4,200 3,400 000731 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information ^ TOP SECRET CANADIAN SYES ONLY CASUALTY ESTIMATES - DAYTIME ATTACK VANCOUVER 100 Kiloton Bomb 20 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point ft I - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population by a 20 Kiloton Bomb Killed Seriously Lightly Injured Injured No V/arning - No Rescue 58,400 13,100 12,800 No V/arning - With Rescue 52,600 15,800 13,700 V/ith V/arning - With Rescue 47,400 13,400 11,700 Killed Seriously Lightly In.iured Injured Aiming Point ft 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on one Isolated Group of Vital Points No V/arning - No Rescue 8,500 2,600 2,000 17,400 7,800 6,100 No V/arning - With Rescue 4,700 3,900 2,600 9,600 10,600 7,500 With Warning - With Rescue 3,800 2,800 2,100 7,300 6,700 4,800 Aiming Point ft 5A - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on one Grouping of V i t a l Points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb No Warning - No Rescue 45,400 15,200 14,000 No Warning - With Rescue 38,100 18,400 15,200 With. V/arning - V/ith Rescue 33,000 13,800 13,100 Aiming Point ft 5B - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population and on one Grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb No V/arning - No Rescue 98,800 27,600 25,900 No Warring - With Rescue 66,000 40,000 32,800 With Warning - V/ith Rescue 54,500 28,300 25,500 Aiming Point ft 4A_._- Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of V i t a l Points by"a 30 Kiloton Bomb 12,700 14,800 16,600 No Warning - With Rescue 8,400 16,100 17,400 With V/arning - V/ith Rescue 6,500 10,400 11,300 No V/arning - No Rescue 000732 �" Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information VV.K.. > # , TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY CASUALTY ESTIMATES - DAYTIME ATTACK VANCOUVER 20 Kiloton Bomb 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming, Point ft 4B - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb Killed Seriously In.iured Lightly Injured Seriously Injured Lightly Injured 2,700 2,100 1,700 No Warning - V/ith Rescue 800 2,600 2,100 With V/arning - With Rescue 500 1,600 1,200 No V/arning - No Rescue Killed Aiming Point ft 5A - Chosen to Give Maxiaum Effect on a Third Grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb No V/arning - No Rescue 41,300 23,400 20,900 No Warning - With Rescue 24,300 .29,200 24,000 With Warning - With Rescue 17,500 19,400 20,600 Aiming Point ft 6A - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Fourth Grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb No Warning - No Rescue 100 100 100 No V/arning - With Rescue 0 100 100 With V/arning - V/ith Rescue 0 100 100 000733 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information >%j» A $ / TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY CASUALTY ESTIMATES - DAYTIME ATTACK VICTORIA 20 K i l o t o n Bomb 100 K i l o t o n Bomb Aiming P o i n t ft I - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on P o p u l a t i o n Killed Seriously In.iured Lightly I n j u r ed Killed _______ Seriously In.iured Lightly I n j u r ed No V/arning - No Rescue 28,100 5,200 3,200 38,500 5,200 2,600 No V/arning - V/ith Rescue 22,300 7,800 4,200 29,600 9,200 4,100 V/ith Warning - With Rescue 19,300 6,200 4,300 26,000 7,100 4,000 Aiming P o i n t ft 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on Outer Commercial Harbour & I n s t a l l a tion No V/arning - No Rescue No V/arning - With Rescue With V/arning - With Rescue 4,500 2,500 2,000 1,400 1,100 7,900 4,700 4,100 2,100 1,400 4,900 5,900 4,700 1,500 1,200 3,800 3,700 2,800 Aiming P o i n t ft 3 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on Esquimalt Harbour & Graving Dock No V/arning - No Rescue 9,400 5,900 5,100 27,100 7,100 4,200 No V/arning - With Rescue 3,600 7,700 6,100 13,900 12,400 6,400 V/ith V/arning - V/ith Rescue 2,200 4,900 4,200 9,600 7,500 4,200 000734 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CDIM02650 Title A name given to the resource Report, "Atomic Vulnerability Study of Canada, Casualty Estimates, Daytime Attack" Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1953-06-22 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Nuclear Vulnerability Study, RG25, Vol. 4563, File 50041-A-40, Part 2, LAC. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Department of External Affairs Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Canadian Crown Subject The topic of the resource Early Cold War, Atomic Vulnerability Description An account of the resource Atomic Vulnerability Study Panel, Ottawa Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Canada Declassified Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource en https://declassified.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/7fd743bead430580cb3ea6b860fa7131.pdf 499a6edf17bf1746572e4dbb0c02db8e PDF Text Text r Document disclosed under the Access to Document divulgue en vertu de la Loisur i'a ^'A* ^ B*^ < JTBT3 2 0 0 - 2 1 1 3 - 2 b ^ ^ i ris ^ ATOMIC VTOEPABILITY STUDY OF CANADA TOP SgORgT CANADIAN iilDSS ONLY fh TEGS CITY OF KSGINA I Object of the Study This is one of a series of reports on major Canadian cities and targets which provide the basic information on enemy capabilities to cause damage to persons and to vital points by atomic attack. This study is not concerned with the probability that such an enemy attack will be made. II Definitions of Terms Used ~^-~S- Ground Zero - The point on the ground directly under the point of burst in the air Aiming Point - The point on the ground directly under the point where the bomb is aimed to be burst in the air No Rescue - No organized and trained rescue is carried out, which means effectively that only people who are not trapped or who can escape by their own efforts survive. Seriously Injured - Hospitalized persons who would not report to work for a considerable period of time Lightly Injured - First Aid cases who would be able to contribute to their work a few days after the attack Nighttime - The time during vihich people are in their normal places of residence Dpytime - The time during which people are at their normal places of work Sources of Basic Inf ormation (a) PopulationInformation on the nighttime distribution of population is based on a redistribution of the 1951 census returns in greater detail to show the population of individual city blocks. This is considered for the purpose of this study a sufficiently good approximation to the nighttime distribution of population. It has not been possible at this time to estimate the daytime distribution of population. 000106 \ �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act • Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SL,OB£T CANADIANJ-YLS ONLY - 2 (b) Vital Points Information on other Vital Points was taken from the 195j List of Vital Points, vhich is the work of the Interdepartmental Co.amittee on Vit..l Points. The list for the Re?,i:ia area is -/iiven in Apoendix ;,A". (c) Scientific Data. Basic data on the effects of atomic bomb explosions on people and structures was prepared by the Defence Research Board (Scientific Adviser to the Civil Defence Co-ordinator). .2££t2£Sj^ns^^ The effects of an attack on a city vary widely with the location of the bomb burst. As it is not considered practicable to study all possible points of burst, a series of .Alain;--: Points have been selected which are calculated to ;:ive the maximum effect on population and on different £roupin.~s of vital points. The effects of an attack vary widely with the energy released by the bomb. As it is not .possible to estimate the energy level of tho bomb most likely to be used, separate estimates were made for a bomb vdth the lowest probable enert^y and the highest probable ener/jy level. The effects on people also vary widely with circumstances of warning and rescue. A series of estimates were therefore made for different -conditions of warning and rescue. Thb estimates made for conditions VilTE RcioCUE axe for ideal rescue conditions with organized and trained rescue teams, in temperate climates and when the atomic attack is unsupported by other weapons. In spite of rescue efforts casualties would tend towrrds those {-iven .for NO RilSCUS under severe winter conditions, or if Chemical uerfare attack were combined vdth atomic attack or if the spread of fire were extensive. Conditions of visibility would also alter the effect of an attack. Poor visibility would reduce the extent of fire and the nximber of radiation casualties and would have some effect on the chances of pinpointing; the target from the air. All calculations are based on an average clear day over a city with a visibility of ebout six miles. For the city of Retina an Aiming Point was chosen to give the maximum effect on the nighttime distribution of population. A second Aiminy, Point was chosen to yive the maximuiii effect on Vital Points considered collectively. - �Document disclosed under the Access to Informatio Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'inf TOPS^ORST GgliDIffl ^mi V ^s^lts__oj^^h^Sjti^,y ONLY o^jthe^JLt^o^Re^J^ifl An attack on. the population of Retina could cause casualties araong 55-7-5.0 of the popuL. tion if a 20 kiloton Bomb were used, depending on conditions of wcrnins. and rescue; 75-95'/£ if a 100 Kiloton Bomb were used but w mid cause little or no damage to Vital Points. An attack on Vital Points would result in casualties among approximately 5% of the population if r. 20 Xiloton Bomb were used; 15-35/5 if a 100 Kiloton Bomb were used, and would destroy those Vital Points. (a) Effects on Population The effect of an attack on the nighttime population • is .-^iven in Tables I and II for ..frch Aiminy Point and for different conditions of warniny, and re.scue. (b) Effects on Vital Points A summary of the effect on Vital Points is ^iven in Table III for each Aiming Point. The e:.tent of dam.- ye to Vital Points and the effect on their various functions is also described below for both of the Aiminr; Points. The relative importance of each Vital Point to the Canadian - U*S. war effort is indicated by the category (AA., A, B or C ) , which is given for each Vital Point in Appendix- "A". A definition of each of the categories is also yiven in Appendix "A;:. 000108 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information > TOP SECRET •/ J CAMADI/J.T ^riftftfto ONLY - 4 - (c) Detalied Discussion of an Attacjs on Each of the Ajminy Points Effect of a_ Burst over Aiminy Point # I-N - Chosen to yive maximum effect on population by a 20 Kiloton Bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties amony 55~75>£ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). As daytime population information is not at present available it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to Vital Points is described below: Petroleum Facilities Imperial Oil Refinery - Category A There would be no damage to storage or refining facilities Sask. Federated Cooperatives Ltd - Category A Storage facilities would not be damayed "oj this attack Interprovinciel Pump Line Pump Station - Category A There would be no damaye to buildinys or equipment and no casualties amon.'? shift on duty Effect of a Burst over Aiminy Point $ JLr^L..1_5-^£§S5L.JL9_*liZ®..JISSiiB.1^ effect on population by a 100 Kiloton Bomb A niyhttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 75-95$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). As daytime population information is not at present available it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to Vital Points is described below: Petroleum Facilities Imperial Oil Refinery - Category A There would be no damaye to storaf7;e or refining facilities Sask..Federated CooperativesLtd - Cateyory A Storage facilities would not be damayed by this attack Interprovincial Pump Line Pump Station - Category A Little serious damaye to buildings and equipment would be caused by blast but there is a probability of further damage from fire.- Less than 5$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured 000109 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information ' TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY ? - 5- Effect of a Burst over Aiming j b i n t j ^ 2; - Chosen to yive maximum effect on Vital Points ..by a 20 Kiloton Bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among /pfo of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and I I ) . A s daytkme population information is not at present available, it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to Vitel Points is described below: Pejto_ol_em.x JFa c il i t i es Imperial Oil Refinery - Category A Refilling facilities and storage facilities would be destroyed by this attack Sask. Federated Cooperatives Ltd - Category A Storage facilities would be destroyed by this attack. •Interprovincial Pump Line Pump Station - Category A Buildinys and equipment would be completely destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of shift on duty would be killed Effect of a Burst over Aiminy Point # 2- Chosen to yive maximum tf^j-jg-t _on Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb A niyhttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties amony 15-35$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and I I ) . A s daytime population information is not at present available it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damaye to Vital Points is described below: Pet role um Fac i1ities Imperial Oil Refinery - Category A Refining facilities and storage facilities would be destroyed by this attack Sask. Federated Cooperatives Ltd - Category A Storage facilities would be destroyed by this attack Interprovincial Pump Line Pump Station - Category A Buildinys and equipment would be completely destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of shift on duty would be killed 000110 1 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information,Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOPJ&CRrJT C^KMDIEN ,.,5Y-& J3NLY - 5 (°-) Effects on Morale It is expected that the effect on morale in lcrye centres of population in Canada, and at least the northern parts of the United States, would be much the same whichever city is attacked by an atomic bomb. The effect will probably be somewhat proportionate to the size of the casualties inflicted by individual bombs and by the number of cities attacked. V1 Air Navigation Agjgects J3f__an Attack With the equipment at present available to the Russian Long Range Air Force, Regina would not be an easy target to locate when approached from the Pacific Ocean, the north or northeast, on a high level attack for a well trained navigator not familiar with the Area. Visual idontification of Regina would not be difficult providi1"... visibility was about 35 miles. The approaches on a low level attack would be very difficult, though visual identification of the target would be easy. Accuracy in identifying specific Aiming Points is a critical aspect. The Vital Points in Regina are concentrated in one area which is seperated from the centre of population and an atomic explosion over areas other than those chosen as Aiming Points would result in casualties or damage of a much lesser magnitude than described by this report. 000111 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES - CITY OF REGINA TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES OMLY NIGHTTIME ATTACK 100 K i l o t o n Bomb 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Aiming P o i n t # I - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on P o p u l a t i o n Killed Seriously Injured LigHtly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 55,200 6,000 2,400 7,200 No Warning - With Rescue 39,800 14,600 5,200 7,500 With Warning - V/ith Rescue 32,700 10, 900 6,400 Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 40,300 7,400 4,300 No Warning - With Rescue 24,100 14,000 With Warning - With Rescue 18,700 11,000 Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue 600 1,700 1,500 No Warning - No Rescue 9,100 7,800 6,900 No Warning - With Rescue 100 1,700 1,600 No Warning - With Rescue 2,100 9,200 7,100 0 1,100 1,000 With Warning - With Rescue 1,000 5,500 4,000 With Warning - With Rescue 000112 �TABLE I I - CASUALTIES AS PERCEMAGE OF POPULATION Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information x TOP SECRET NIGHTTIME ATTACK CANADIAN MES ONLY 100 K i l o t o n Bomb 20 K j l o t o n Borah Aiming Poin t # I - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on P o p u l a t i o n Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 60 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 35 20 With Warning - With Rescue 30 15 Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 80 10 5 10 No Warning - With Rescue 60 20 10 10 With Warning - With Rescue 50 15 10 No Warning - No Rescue 15 10 10 5 15 10 JftftL 10 5 Aiming Point # 2 - Ch No Warning - No Rescue No Warning -. With Rescue With Warning - With Rescue x U u IP IP' & £ No Warning - With Rescue /5 /I With Warning - With Rescue Based on 67,700 w i t h i n 5 m i l e s of Aiming P o i n t , The p o p u l a t i o n of Regina i s 71,300 000113 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming P o i n t # I - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on P o p u l a t i o n Vital Points V i t a l P o i nt Category Structural Damage by B l a s t {%) Probability of Fire Damage t o C o n t e n t s With F i r e No F i r e 20 K i l o t o n Bomb I m p e r i a l Refinery 1) Storage F a c i l i t i e s 0 2) R e f i n i n g F a c i l i t i e s S a s k . Federated C o o p e r a t i v e s Limited I n t e r p r o v i n c i a l Pump Line Pump S t a t i o n 0 A B 0 0 None None None None 100 K i l o t o n Bomb Imperial Refinery 1) Storage Facilities 0 0 None None A 0 None B 0-25 Med 2) Refining Facilities S a s k . Federated C o o p e r a t i v es Limited I n t e r p r o v i n c i a l Pump Line Pump S t a t i o n 50$ App 0-25 * 000114 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABIE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effeot on Vital Points V i t a l Points V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage by Blast {%) Probability of Fire 20 Kiloton Bomb Imperial Refinery 1) Storage F a c i l i t i e s 100 100 High High A 100 High B 100 High Damage to Contents r ith Fire No Fire 2) Refining F a c i l i t i e s Sask. Federated Cooperatives Limited 100 100 100 100 Interprovincial Pump Line Pump Station 100 Kjloton Bomb Imperial Refinery 1) Storage Facilities A 100 100 High High A 100 High B 100 High 2) Refining Facilities Sask. Federated Cooperatives Limited I n t e r p r o v i n c i a l Pump Line Pump S t a t i o n XL, W 000115 �J Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a finformatii w TOP a x i E T _^. .. • CANADIAN EYES ONLY APEErBIX "A" - STUDY OF CITY 0? REGIiiA For t h e C i t y of R e t i n a t h e l i s t of V i t a l P o i n t s a s determined by t h e I n t e r d e p a r t m e n t a l Committee on V i t a l P o i n t s i s as f o l l o w s : Category "A" Imperial Oil Refinery Sask. Federated Cooperatives, Ltd. Interprovincial Punp Line Pump Station The categories determined by the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital Points are designed for sabotage studies. They have been adapted for the present study by raising those points which are important to the joint Canadian U*S. war effort from Category "A" to a superior Category "AA", and by restating the significance of the categories. The categories used are as follows: Individual plants or buildings of sufficient importance to the North American war effort to be considered possible atoraic bomb targets, irrespective of any effects of an A-bomb attack on the target on other Vital Points. Additional effects will, however, play a part in determining the relative importance of Category "AA" targets and they have, therefore, been studied and reported. Category "A" Individual plants or buildings not of sufficient importance to the North American war effort to be considered A-bomb targets by themselves, but which may become A-bomb targets if the other effects of the explosion of a bomb over the target would produce a sufficient cumulative effect on population.and other Vital Points, Category "B" Important points to be considered in conjunction with attacks on Category "AA" targets. Category "C" IJinor points to be considered in conjunction with attacks on Category "AA" and Category "A" t a r g e t s . 000116 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CDIM02649 Title A name given to the resource Report, "Atomic Vulnerability Study of Canada, The City of Regina" Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Nuclear Vulnerability Study, RG25, Vol. 4563, File 50041-A-40, Part 1, LAC. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Department of External Affairs Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Canadian Crown Subject The topic of the resource Early Cold War, Atomic Vulnerability Description An account of the resource Atomic Vulnerability Study Panel, Ottawa Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Canada Declassified Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource en https://declassified.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/642a1d5fa70d7abb475b3d36546d14b3.pdf 10dc7f63a5efca185a1e9dae2bb2dc90 PDF Text Text Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information 3 % JIBTS 200-2113-2 ^ fflMi TOP SECRET •X-^mKL CANADIAN E^ES ONLY ATOMIC VULNERABILITY 3 I ^ . ^ ^ ^ W J A I ^ TiiE I CITY OF xwsSmlffW' Object of the Study __ _ \^^dV J Jftff^^ ¥/" /X" I J- I l^X This is one of a series df reports on major Canadian cities and targets which provide the basic information on enemy capabilities to cause damage to persons and to Vital Points by atomic attack. This study is not concerned with the probability that such an enemy attack will be made. II Definitions of Terms Used HI Ground Zero - The point on the ground directly under the point of burst in the air Aiming Point -• The point on the ground directly under the point where the b;omb is aimed to be burst in the air No Rescue - No organized and trained rescue is carried out, which means effectively that only people who are not trapped or who can escape by their own efforts survive Seriously Injured - Hospitalized persons who would not report to work for a considerable period of time Lightly Injured - First Aid cases who would be able to contribute to their work a few days after the attack Nighttime - The time during which people are in their normal places of residence Daytime *• The time during which people are at their normal places of work Sources of Basic Information (a) Population Information on the daytime distribution of population Is based on a field survey of the commercial area in combination with a redistribution of the 1951 census returns in greater detail to show the residential population by individual city blocks. Information on the nighttime distribution of population is based on a redistribution of the 1951 census returns in greater detail to show the population of individual city blocks. This is considered for the purpose of this study a sufficiently good approximation to the distribution of population. \ 000117 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act - 1 Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 2 -• ft) Military Establishments The military establishments important to the national war effort were chosen by the Joint Planning Committee, The Establishment in the Edmonton area is listed in Appendix "Aw. (cj Vital Points Iiifbnnation on other* Vital Points was taken from the 1953 List of Vital Points, which is the work of the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital Points* The list for the Edmonton area is given in Appendix *An. (d) Scientific Data Basio data on the effects of atomic bomb explosions on people and structures was prepared by the Defence Research Board (Scientific Adviser to the Civil Defence Coordinator). IV Factors Considered in Selecting Aiming Points for Study The effects of an attack on a city vary widely with the location of the bomb burst. As it is not considered practicable to study all possible points of burst, a series of Aiming Points have been selected which are calculated to give the maximum effect on population and on different groupings of Vital points. The effects of an attack vary widely with the energy released by the bomb. As it is not possible to estimate the energy level of the bomb most likely to be used, separate estimates were made for a bomb with the lowest probable energy and the highest probable energy level. The effects on people also vary widely with circumstances of warning and rescue. A series of estimates were therefore made for different conditions of warning and rescue. The estimates made for conditions WITH RESCUE are for ideal rescue conditions with organized and trained rescue teams, in temperate climates and when the atomic attack is unsupported by other weapons. In spite of rescue efforts casualties would tend towards those given for NO RESCUE under severe winter conditions, or if Chemical warfare attack were combined with atomic attack or if the spread of fire were extensive. Conditions of visibility would also alter the effect of an attack. Poor visibility would reduce the extent of fire and the number of radiation casualties and would have some effect on the chances of pinpointing the target from the air. All calculations are based on an average clear day over a city with a visibility of about six miles. For the city of Edmonton Aiming Points were chosen to give the maximum effect on the daytime and on the nighttime distribution of population. Aiming Points were also chosen to give the maximum effect on two groupings of the Vital Points considered collectively. 000118 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN E"YES ONLY M V 3 M Results of the Study of the City of Edmonton A daytime attack on the population of Edmonton could cause casualties among 30-45$ of the population if a 20 Kiloton bomb were used, depending on conditions of warning and rescue; 40-65$ if a 100 Kiloton bomb were used, and cause considerable damage to the Vital points. A daytime attack on the Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb would result in casualties among 25-40$ or 10-15$ of the population depending on the Aiming Point considered; 40-65$ or 20-35$ by a 100 Kiloton bomb attack, and cause devere damage to those Vital points. A nighttime attack on the population of Edmonton could cause casualties ainong 25»-35$ Of the population if a 20 Kiloton bomb were Used- depending on conditions of warning ahd rescue; 35-65$ if a 100 Kiloton bomb were used. A nighttime attack on Vital Points by a 20 KHotoh bomb would cause casualties among 15-30$ Or 30-60$ of the population depending on the Aiming Points considered^ 10-15$ or 20-40$ by a 100 Kiloton bomb attack, and cause severe damage to those Vital Points. (a) Effects on Population The effect of an attack on the daytime and nighttime population is given in Tables I and II for each Aiming Point and for different conditions of warning and rescue. (M Effects on Vital Points A summary of the effect on Vital points is given in Table III for each Aiming Point. The extent of damage to Vital Points and the effect on their various functions is also described below for each of the Aiming Points, The relative importance of each Vital Point to the Canadian - U.S. war effort is indicated by the category (AA, A, B or C ) , which is given for each Vital Point in Appendix "A". A definition of each of the categories is also given in Appendix "A". 000119 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY ' - 4 « (a) Detailed Discussion of an Attack onfeachof the Aiming Points Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # I-D - Chosen to give maximum effect on the daytime distribution of population by a 20 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 30-45$ of the population depending on condi"tiohs of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). Damage to Vital Points is described below: Military Establishments Tape Relay Service Slight structural damage would be caused by blast but the probability of further damage from fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Northwest Industries Limited - Category B No serious damage to plant would be caused by this attack. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Petroleum Facilities Imperial Oil Refinery - Category A No serious damage would be caused to refining or storage facilities. British .American Oil Refinery - Category A (a) Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. (b) Refining facilities would not be seriously damaged by blast but would probably be damaged by fire, McColl Frontenac Refinery - Category A (a) Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. (b) Refining facilities would not be seriously damaged by blast but would probably be damaged by fire. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # I-D - Chosen to give maximum effect on the daytime distribution of population by a 100 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming point would cause casualties among 40-65$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue(Tables I and II), Damage to Vital Points is described below: 000120 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN E~YES ONLY - 5 - Military Establishments Tape Relay Service - Category B Very severe structural damage would be caused by blast and fire would probably cause complete destruction. Approximately 15-55$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Northwest Industries Limited - Category B Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability that further damage would be caused to building and contents from fire. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Petroleum Facilities Imperial Oil Refinery - Category A (a) Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. (b) Refining facilities would not be seriously damaged by blast but would probably be damaged by fire. British American Oil Refinery - Category A (a) Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. (b). Refining facilities would not be seriously damaged by blast but would probably be damaged by fire. McColl Frontenac Refinery - Category A Refining and storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire , Effect of a Burst over Aiming point # I-N - Chosen to give maximum effect on the nighttime distribution of population by a 20 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 25-35$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). Damage to Vital Points is described below: Military Establishments Tape Relay Service - Category B Moderate structural damage would be caused by blast but the probability of further damage to building and contents from fire is low. Approximately 10-15$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Northwest Industries Limited - Category B Slight structural blast damage would be caused to building and contents. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Petroleum Facilities Imperial Oil Refinery - Category A No serious damage would be caused to refining or storage facilities. 000121 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 6 ~ British American Oil Refinery - Category A (a) Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire (b) Refining facilities would not be seriously damaged by blast but would probably be damaged by fire McColl Frontenac Refinery - Category A (a) Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire (b) Refining facilities would not be seriously damaged by blast but would probably be damaged by fire Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point #I-N - Chosen to give maximum effect on the nighttime distribution of population by a 100 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 35-65$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II), Damage to Vital Points is described below: Military Establishments Tape Relay Service - Category B Severe structural damage would be caused by blast- and building and contents would probably be destroyed if fire were to occur. Approximately 25-70$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Northwest Industries Limited - Category B Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and building and equipment would probably be destroyed if fire were to occur. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Petroleum Facilities Imperial Oil Refinery - Category A (a) Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire (b) Refining facilities would not be damaged by blast but would probably be damaged by fire British American Oil - Category A (a) Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire (b) Refining facilities would not be damaged by blast but would probably be damaged by fire McColl Frontenac Refinery - Category A Storage and refining facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire 000122 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EIES ONLY, «, 7 Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen to give maximum effect on one grouping of Yital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 25-40$ of the population depending on concitions of warning and rescue. A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 15-30$ of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to Vital Points is described below: Military Establishments Tape Relay Service - Category B Serious structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 15-55$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Northwest Industries Limited - Category B Moderate structural damage would be caused by blast but the probability of further damage from fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Petroleum Facilities Imperial Oil Refinery - Category A (a) Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. (b) Refining facilities would not be damaged by blast but would probably be damaged by fire. British American Oil Refinery - Category A Refining and storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. McColl Frontenac Refinery - Category A Refining and storage facilities would be destroyed b Y blast and fire. Effeot of a Burst over Aiming point # 2 - Chosen to give maximum effect on one grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 40-65$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue, A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 30-60$ of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to Vital Points is described below: Military Establishments Tape Relay Service - Category B Building and contents would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 45-90$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000123 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 8 Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Northwest Industries Limited - Category B Very severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage to building and contents from fire. Approximately 15-55$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Petroleum Facilities Imperial Oil Refinery - Category A Refining and storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. British American. Refinery - Category A Refining and storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. McColl Frontenac Refinery - Category A Refining and storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 3 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a second grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among /p-15% of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue. A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 10-15$ of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to Vital points is described below: Military Establishments Tape Relay Service - Category B Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 15-55$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Northwest Industries Limited - Category B This plant would be completely destroyed and 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. Petroleum Facilities Imperial Oil Refinery - Category A No serious damage would be caused to storage or refining facilities. British American Refinery - Category A No serious damage would be caused to storage or refining facilities. McColl Frontenac Refinery - Category A No serious damage would be caused to storage or refining facilities. 000124 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 9 Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 5 - Chogehto give maximum effect on a second grouping of.Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb A daytime attack on this Aiming j-oint would cause casualties among 20-35$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue, A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 15-40$ of the population (Tables I and II). Damage to Vital Points is described below: Military Establishments Tape Relay Service - Category B Building and contents would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 45-90$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Northwest Industries Limited - Category B This plant would be completely destroyed and 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. Petroleum Facilities Imperial Oil Refinery - Category A No serious damage would be caused to storage or refining facilities. British American Refinery - Category A No serious damage would be caused to storage or refining facilities. McColl Frontenac Refinery - Category A No serious damage would be caused to storage or refining facilities. (d) Effects on Morale It is expected that the effect on morale in large centres of population in Canada, and at least the northern parts of the United States, would be much the same whichever city is attacked by an atomic bomb. The effect will probably be somewhat proportionate to the size ofthe casualties inflicted by individual bombs and by the number of cities attacked, VI Air Navigation Aspects of an Attack With the equipment at present available to the Russian Long Range Air Force, the approaches to Edmonton would not be easy from the pacific Ocean, the north, or the northeast, on a high or low level attack for a well trained navigator not familiar with the area. However, visual identification of Edmonton would not be difficult. Accuracy in identifying specific Aiming Points is a critical aspect. However the Vital Points are located over much of the built up area and an atomic explosion over most of the city would result in serious damage to population and Vital Points, though of a lesser magnitude than described by this report. 000125 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TkSLS I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES - CITY OF EDMONTON CANADIAN EYES ONLY DAYTIME ATTACK .20 K i l o t o n Sonfc 100 K i l o t o n Bomb Aiming Point if I - D - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on Daytime D i s t r i b u t i o n of P o p u l a t i o n Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - N» Rescue 50,200 12,900 8,500 No Warning - £ i t h Rescue 34,900 19,500 With Warning - With Rescue 28,800 14,900 Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 86,900 18,300 10,800 11,200 No Warning - With Rescue 55,500 30,400 16,200 10,500 With Warning - With Rescue 45,600 21,000 12,300 Aiming P o i n t # 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on One Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue 38,800 15,200 11,400 No Warning - No Rescue 84,700 18,600 11,600 No Warning - With Rescue 21,100 21,700 14,500 No Warning - With Rescue 48,700 32,100 18,200 With Warning - With Rescue 15,700 14,500 12,100 With Warning - With Rescue 38,600 20,300 13,200 Aiming Point § 5 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Second Crouping of V i t a l P o i n t s 10,80 0 6,700 5,300 No Warning - No Rescue 36,100 15,000 11,600 No Warning - With Rescue 5,100 8,700 6,300 No Warning - With Rescue 15,500 21,400 15,100 With Warning - With Rescue 3,500 5,800 4,600 With Warning - With Rescue 10,800 13,200 9,300 No Warning - No Rescue 000126 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TABLE I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES - CITY OF EDMONTON CANADIAN EYES ONLY NIGHTTIME ATTACK 100 Kiloton Bomb 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Aiming P o i n t // I-N - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on P o p u l a t i o n During a N i g h t t i m e Attac k Killed Seriously Injured lastly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 36,500 11,200 7,600 No Warning - With Rescue 21,200 17,000 10,300 With Warning - With Rescue 16,600 12,300 8,900 Killed Soriosuly Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 76,300 16,800 10,300 No Warning - With Rescue 41,800 29,400 16,200 With Warning - With Rescue 32,600 19,200 11,400 Aiming P o i n t ftf _2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on One Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s5 No Warning - No Rescue 29,300 11,300 8,100 No Warning - With Rescue 14,500 16,400 10,700 With Warning - With Rescue 10,700 11,300 8,500 No Warning - No Rescue 70,700 17,400 10,700 No Warning - With Rescue 35,500 30,000 16,800 With Warning - With Rescue 26,200 19,000 11,200 oints Aiming P o i n t jr _3 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Second Grouping of V i t a l P"UJLtiUti 11,300 6,800 4,900 No Warning - No Rescue 38,900 12, 900 9,600 No Warning - With Rescue 4,500 9,200 6,100 No Warning - With Rescue 15,900 21,300 13,500 With Warning - With Rescue 2,700 6,300 4,700 With Warning - V/ith Rescue 10,700 13,300 6*600 No Warning - No Rescue 000127 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information IABIE II - CASUALTIES AS PERCENTAGE OF POHJIATION x TOP SECRET DAYTIME ATTACK ,30 Kiloton Bomb CAN/ffllAN EYES ONIY 100 K i l o t o n Bomb Aiming Point # I-D - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Daytime Distribution of P Population opulation Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 30 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 20 10 With Warning - With Rescue 15 10 Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured No Warning - No Reacu6 50 10 5 5 No Warning - With Rescue 30 20 10 5 With Warning - With Rescue 25 10 5 No Wariiiuft - No Rescue 50 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 30 20 10 With Warning - With Rescue 20 10 10 Aiming Point j 2 - Chosen to Give Maxi.uu.ii Effect on One Grouping of Vital Points No Warning - No Resoue 25 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 10 15 10 With Warning - With Rescue 10 10 5 Aiming P o i n t ^ 3 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Second Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue 5 5 5 No Warning - No Rescue 20 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 5 5 5 No Warning - With Rescue 10 10 10 Jp 5 5 With Warning - With Rescue 5 10 5 With Warning - With Rescue x Based on 172,000 - w i t h i n 5 m i l e r a d i u s . The p o p u l a t i o n of t h e m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a i s 173,100 of t h e c i t y p r o p e r i s 159,600 000128 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE II - CASUALTIES AS EERQEMTAGE OF POPULATION X TOP SECRET NIGHTTIME ATTACK 20 Kiloton Bomb CANADIAN EYES ONL" 100 Kiloton Bomb Aiming Point # I-N - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on Population During a Nighttime Attack Killed Seriously In.iured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No Warning - No Rescue 25 5 5 No Warning - No Rescue 50 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 15 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 25 20 10 With Warning - With Rescue 10 10 5 With Warning - With Rescue 20 10 5 Aiming Point ir _2 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on One Grouping of V i t a l Points its No Warning - No Rescue 20 5 5 No Warning - No Rescue 45 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 10 10 5 No Warning.- With Rescue 20 20 10 5 5 5 With Warning - With Rescue 15 10 5 With Warning - With Rescue Aiming Point § 3_ - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of Vital Points Points No Warning - No Rescue 5 No Warning - With Rescue With Warning - With Rescue x L s 5 ^5 5 5 5 / 5 Based on 158,000 within 5 miles of an Aiming Point , No Warning - No Rescue 25 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 10 15 10 5 10 5 With Warning - With Rescue The population of the metropolitan area i s 173,700 of t h e c i t y proper i s 159,600 000129 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE III - SUMIART OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Ai.ming P o i n t # I-D - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on Daytiine D i s t r i b u t i o n of P o p u l a t i o n by a 20 K i l o t o n Bo:ab Vital Points Structii r a l Damage by Blast Probability of Fire 0 0 None None 100 0 High Med 100 0 High Med B 0 None o B' 0 .None 0 Vital Point Category I m p e r i a l O i l Refiner y 1) Storage Facilities 2) Refining Facilities British American Oil Refinery I) Storage Facilities 2} Refiuing Facilities McColl Frontenac Oil Refinery 1) Storage Facilities 2) Refining Facilities Northwest Industries Limited Interprovincial Pipe Line Pump Station Tape Relay Service B Z.25% Low Damage t o C o n t e n t s With F i r e 50 - 75 No F i r e JftSBft 000130 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'informatton TOP SECRET TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS CANADIAN ETES ONLY Aiming Point £ I-D - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on Daytime D i a t r i b u t i on of Population by a 100 Kiloton Bomb Vital Points V i t a l Point Category Imperial Refinery Probability of Fire 100 0 High Med 100 100 High High B 75$ App Med B 0 None - B 75$ App High 100 A 1) Storage Facilities 2) Refining Facilities I n t e r p r o v i n c i a l Pipe Line Pump Station Tape Relay Service With F i r e High Med McColl Frontenac Oil Refinery Northwest I n d u s t r i es Li-.iited Dauiage t o Contents 100 0 1) Storage Facilities 2) Refining Facilities . B r i t i s h American Oil Refinery 1} Storage F a c i l i t i e s 2) Refining F a c i l i t i e s Structural Damage by B l a s t (%) 75 - 100 No F i r e 50-75 0 12% 000131 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point p I-N - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on Nighttime D i s t r i b u t i o n of Popilation by a 20 Kiloton Bomb V i t a l Points •imperial Oil Refinery Vital Point Category 0 0 None None Damage t o Contents With F i r e No F i r e 100 0 High Med 100 0 High Med B 0-25 None B 0 None A 1) Storage F a c i l i t i e s 2) Refining F a c i l i t i e s McColl Frontenac Oil Refinery 1) Storage Facilities Probability of Fire A 1) Storage Facilities 2) Refining Facilities British American Oil Refinery Structural Damage by B l a s t f$>) A 2) Refining Facilities Northwest I n d u s t r i e s Limited I n t e r p r o v i n c i a l Pipe Line Pump S t a t i o n Tape Relay Service B 25$ App Low 0 *• 25 0 50-75 25$ App 000132 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TABLE I I I « SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point § I-N - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on N i g h t t i n s D i s t r i b u t i o n of P o p u l a t i o n by a 100 K i l o t o n Bomb V i t a l Points Vital Point Category I m p e r i a l O i l Refinery -3.) S t o r a g e F a c i l i t i e s •2) R e f i n i n g F a c i l i t i e s A B r i t i s h American O i l R e f i n e r y A 1) Storage F a c i l i t i e s 2) Refining F a c i l i t i e s Structural Damage by Blast {$) Probability of Fire 100 0 High Med 100 0 High Med 100 100 High High Damage With Fire No Fire McColl Frontenac Oil Refinery 1} Storage Facilities 2) Refining Facilities A Northwest Industries Li.aited B 75 - 100 Med 100 75 - 100 Interprovincial Pipe Line Pump Station B 0 None - 0 Tape Relay Service B 75 - 100 Med 100 75 - 100 000133 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act DocuriJ@tPivg)ii)giiiEl$hu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'informathn TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen to Give Maximum E f f e e t on one Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s ¥y~ a 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Vital Points Vital Point Category I m p e r i a l O i l R e f i n e ry 1) Storage F a c i l i t i e s 2) Refining Facilitfes A B r i t i s h American O i l Refinery I} St or age Faci l i t ie s 2) Refining F a c i l i t i e s A McColl Frontenac O i l Refinery 1) Storage Facilities A Structural Damage by Blast # ) Probability of Fire 100 0 High Med 100 100 High High 100 100 High High B 25% Low B 0 None B 50 - 75 Med 2) Refining Facilities Northwest I n d u s t r i e s Limited I n t e r p r o v i n c i a l Pipe Line Pump S t a t i o n Damage to Contents With Fire No Fire / 50 - 75 /25% 0 75 - 100 50 - 75 Tape Relay Service 000134 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'informatibn TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming P o i n t # 2 r- Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e o t on One Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 100 K i l o t o n Bomb V i t a l .Points I m p e r i a l O i l Refinery Vital Point Gategory Structural Damage by Blast {$) B r i t i s h .American Oil Refinery 1) Storage F a c i l i t i e s 2) Refining F a c i l i t i e s A McColl -Frontenac Oil Refinery 1) Storage F a c i l i t i e s A 100 100 High High 100 100 High High 100 100 High High 2) Refining F a c i l i t i e s I n t e r p r o v i n c i a l Pipe Line Pump Station Damage to Contents With Fire No Fire 100 75 - 10 A 1) Storage F a c i l i t i e s 2) Refining F a c i l i t i e s Northwest I n d u s t r i e s Limited Probability of Fire B B B 75 - 100 0 75 - 100 Med 0 None High 100 75 - 10 Tape Relay Service 000135 �TABLE III - SU Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act n vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming PoJLnt # 3 - Gho.sen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Second Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 20 K i l o t n n Bomb Vital Points V i t a l Poin t Catego iy I m p e r i a l O i l Refinery 1) Storag e F a c i l i t i e s 2) R e f i n i n g F a c i l i t i e s British American Oil Refinery I) Storage Facilities 2} Refining Facilities Structural Damage by B l a s t fit) Probability of Fire 0 0 None None 0 0 None None 0 0 None None B 100 High B 0 None A McColl Frontenac Oil Refinery 1) S t o r a g e F a c i l i t i e s Damage t o C o n t e n t s With F i r e No Fjr e 2) R e f i n i n g F a c i l i t i e s Northwest I n d u s t r i e s Limited I n t e r p r o v i n c i a l Pipe Line Pump S t a t i o n Tape R e l a y S e r v i c e B ?5 - 100 Med 100 100 0 100 75 - 100 000136 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a {'information TOP SECRET TABLE III - SUMM4ARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point ?f 5 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb V i t a l Points Vital Point Category Probability of Fire Structural Daaieige by Blast ($) t Damage 1 With Fire No Fire Imperial O i l Refinery I ) Storage F a c i l i t i e s 2.) RefitfUing F a c i l i t i e s A B r i t i s h American O i l Refinery 1) Storage F a c i l i t i e s 2) Refining F a c i l i t i e s A McColl Frontenac Oil Refineiy i) Storage Facilities 2) Refining Facilities A Northwest Industries Li-rdted B 100 High 100 100 Interprovincial Pipe Line Pump Station B 0 None - 0 Tape Relay Servioe B 100 High 100 100 0 0 None None 0 0 None None 0 0 1. None None 000137 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET • •••*• •••• • ••"« — I •• CANADIAN EYESJ ONLY APPENDIX "A" - STUDY OF CITY OF EBf-ONTON • i i i i • • II 11, . i n — — . . . i . , , . . , , , . - . . . , . , • „ , . — . - i . . . i . < . i . r i . j . . . ^ — . • i n * . - - . . , • For the City of Edmonton the list of Vital Points as determined by the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital Points is as follows: Category "A" Imperial Oil Refinery British American Oil Refinery McColl Frontenac Oil Refinery Category "B" Northwest Industries Limited Interprovincial Pipe Line Pump Station Tape Relay Service The categories determined by the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital Points are designed for sabotage studies. They have been adapted for the present study by raising those points which are important to the Joint Canadian U.S, war effort from Category "A" to a superior Category "AAM, and by restating the significance of the categories. The categories used are as follows: Categories "AA" Individual plants or buildings of sufficient impoi*tance to the North American war effort to be considered possible atomic bomb targets, irrespective of any effects of an A-bomb attack on the target on other Vital Points, Additional effects will, however, play a part in determining the relative importance of Category "AA" targets and they have, therefore, been studied and reported. Category "A" Individual plants or buildings not of sufficient importance to the North American war effort to be considered A-bomb targets by themselves, but which may become A-bomb targets if the other effects of the explosion of a bomb over the target would produce a sufficient cumulative effect on population and other Vital Points. Category "B" Important points to be considered in conjunction with attacks on Category "AA" targets. Category "C" Minor points to be considered in conjunction with attacks on Category "AA" and Category "A" targets. 000138 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CDIM02648 Title A name given to the resource Report, "Atomic Vulnerability Study of Canada, The City of Edmonton" Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Nuclear Vulnerability Study, RG25, Vol. 4563, File 50041-A-40, Part 1, LAC. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Department of External Affairs Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Canadian Crown Subject The topic of the resource Early Cold War, Atomic Vulnerability Description An account of the resource Atomic Vulnerability Study Panel, Ottawa Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Canada Declassified Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource en https://declassified.library.utoronto.ca/files/original/ca5186247b648d15887d807e214ef7d5.pdf 19d55fc89222892df14c0ed01fa79dfa PDF Text Text Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de-te-te/ sur /'occesj? I'information JIBT3 200-2113-2 ••flOWKGRADED TO SECRET TOP SECRET , •"• - . i***v: # •i 'f..ft : CANADIAN EYES^y-ONLY •z^mm ATOMIC VULNERABILITY STUDY OF CANADA /' THE CITY OF TORONSOUMJSO I i | £Xi^& Object of the Study XxX- This is one of a series of reports on major Canadian oities and targets whioh provide the basic information on enemy capabilities to cause^damage to persons and to vital points by atomic attack. This study is not concerned with the probability that such an enemy attack will be made. II Definitions of Terms Used Ground Zero *« The point on the .ground directly under the point of burst in the air Aiming Point - The point on the ground directly under the point where the bomb is aimed to be burst in the air No Rescue ** No organized and trained rescue is carried out, which means effectively that only people who are not trapped or who can escape by their own efforts survive Seriously Injured Hospitalized persons who would not report to work for a considerable period of time Lightly Injured First Aid cases who would be able to contribute to their work a few days after the attack Nighttime « The time during which people are in their normal places of residence Daytime « The time dxiring whioh people are at their normal places of work III Sources of Basic Information (a) Population Information on the nighttime distribution of population is based on a redistribution of the 1951 census returns in greater detail to show -rae population of individual city blocks. This is considered for the purpose of this study a sufficiently good approximation to the nighttime distribution of population. It has not been possible at this time to estimate the daytime distribution of population. 000139 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 2 (b) Vital Points Information on Vital Points was taken from the 1953 List of Vital Points, which is the work of the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital Points, The list for the Toronto area is given in Appendix "A", (° ) Scientific Data Basic data on the effects of atomic bomb explosions on people and structures was prepared by the Defence Research Board (Scientific Adviser to the Civil Defence Co-ordinator). Factors Considered in Selecting Aiming Points for Study The effects of an attack on a city vary widely with the location of the bomb burst. As it is not considered practicable to study all possible points of burst, a series of Aiming Points have been selected which are calculated to give the maximum effect on population and on different groupings of vital points. The effects of an attack vary widely with the energy released by the bomb. As it is not possible to estimate the energy level of the bombraostlikely to be used, separate estimates were made for a bomb with the lowest probable energy and the highest energy level. The effects on people also vary widely with circularstances of warning and rescue. A series of estimates were therefore made for different conditions of warning and rescue. The estimates made for conditions WITH RESCUE are for ideal rescue conditions with organized and trained rescue teams, in temperate climates and when the atomic attack is unsupported by other weapons. In spite of rescue efforts casualties would tend towards those given for NO RESCUE under severe winter conditions, or if Chemical Warfare attack were combined with atomic attack or if the spread of fire were extensive. Conditions of visibility would also alter the effeot of an attack, Poor visibility would reduce the extent of fire and the number of radiation casualties and would have some effect on the chances of pinpointing the target from the air. All calculations are based on an average clear day over a city with a visibility of about six miles. For the city of Toronto an Aiming Point was chosen to give the maximum effect on the nighttime distribution of population. This Aiming Point also gives the maximum effect on one grouping of Vital Points considered collectively. A total of eight Aiming points was chosen to give the maximum effect on other groupings of Vital Points. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY ** 3 ** V Results of the Study of the City of Toronto A nighttime attack on this city could result in casualties among 15-20$ of the population if a 20 Kiloton bomb were used, depending on conditions of warning and rescue; and 25-40$ if a 100 Kiloton bomb were used; and would cause varying degrees damage to several Vital points, A nighttime attack on the various groupings of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb would result in casualties among ^5-15$ of the population, depending on conditions of warning and rescue, and on the location of the Aiming Point being considered; and cause severe damage to the particular grouping of Vital Points. A nighttime attack by a 100 Kiloton bomb would cause casualties among ^15-30% of the population and cause more widespread destruction to Vital Points. (a) Effects on Population The effect of an attack on the nighttime population is given in Tables I and II for each Aiming Point and for different conditions of warning and rescue. (b) Effects on Vital Points A summary of the effeot on Vital Points is given in Table III for each Aiming Point. The extent of damage to Vital Points and the effect on their various functions is also described below for each of the Aiming Points, The relative importance of each Vital Point to the Canadian - U.S. war effort is indicated by the category (AA, A, B or C ) , which is given for each Vital Point in Appendix "A". A definition of each of the categories is also given in Appendix "A". 000141 �.- Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a l'informati\ -. X f- - • ^ \ TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 4 (c) Detailed Discussion of an Attack on Each of the Aiming Points Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # I - Chosen to give maximum effect on population and on one grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 15-20% of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). As daytime population information is not at present available, it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: Agricultural Implements Massey Harris Company Limited - Category B This plant would receive no structural blast damage but there is a small possibility that damage could be caused by fire. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Canadian Acme Screw and Gear Company Limited - Category A This plant would receive no structural blast damage but there is a small possibility that damage could be caused by fire. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Batteries National Carbon Limited - Category A Building and equipment would be totally destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. Willard Storage Battery Company - Category A Severe structural damage would be caused by blast to buildings and contents and there is a possibility of further damage from fire. Approximately 10-20% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Prest - 0 - Lite Battery Company Limited - Category B Damage to building and contents from blast and fire would be severe. Approximately 15-25$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. General Dry Batteries - Category C Structural blast damage to building and contents would not be serious but there is a probability of damage from fire. Approximately 10-20% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Electronics and Communication Equipment Canadian General Electric - Category A Blast damage to buildings and contents would be very severe and there is a possibility of further damage from fire. Approximately 10-20% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000142 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a finformatio TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 5 Radio Valve Manufacturing Company - Category B No serious damage would be caused by blast but there is a slight probability of fire. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Erie Resistor of Canada Limited - Category B No serious damage would be caused by blast but there is a slight probability of fire. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Stromberg Carlson - Category B This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 30-65% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Philco Corporation of Canada - Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 30-65% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Shipbuilding and Repairing Bawden Industries Limited - Category B Slight structural damage would be caused by blast to buildings and contents and there is a possibility of further damage from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Bridge and Structural Steel Dominion Bridge Company - Category C This plant would be completely destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100% of the shift on duty would be killed. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # I - Chosen effeot on one Points to give maximum on population and grouping of Vital by a 100 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 25-40$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). As daytime population information is not at present available, it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: White Metal Alloys Canada Foils Limited - Category C Structural blast damage would be slight but there is a probability that serious fire damage would occur. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Agricultural Implements Massey Harris Company Limited — Category B Moderate structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a possibility of further damage to contents and equipment from fire. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000143 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a /'information TOP .gSCRET II i n — kiii • i CANADIAN EYES 6NLY - 6 Aircraft and Aircraft j>arts Canadian Acme Screw and Gear Company Limited - Category A Moderate structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a possibility of further damage to contents and equipment from fire. Approximately 10-20% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Carriere McFeeters - Category B No serious blast damage would be caused to building or equipment and the probability of damage from fire is low. Approximately 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Phoenix Engineered Products - Category B No structural blast damage would occur but there is a possibility of damage to building and contents from fire. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would*be seriously injured. Arsenals' and Munitions* Plants Canadian Arsenals Limited, Leaside - Category A No serious damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. No casualties would occur among shift on duty. Batteries . National Carbon Limited - Category A This industry would be destroyed by b l a s t and f i r e . Approximately 45-65$ of t h e s h i f t on duty would be k i l l e d or seriously injured. Exide Batteries of Canada Limited - Category A Blast damage to buildings and contents wculd be slight but there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Willard Storage Battery Company - Category A Building and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 25-60$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Prest - 0 - Lite Battery Company Limited - Category B This industry would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 45-65% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. General Dry Batteries - Category B Building and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 25-60$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Electronics and Communication Equipment Canadian General Electric Company - Category A Buildings and contents would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 25-60$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured, Rogers Majestic Limited - Category A No serious damage would be caused from blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. No Casualties would occur among shift on duty. Stromberg Carlson - Category B This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 65-90$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000144 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY .« 7 Philco Corporation of Canada - Category B This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 65-90% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Erie Resistor of Canada Limited - Category B Building and equipment would receive some serious damage from blast and there is the possibility of further damage from fire. Approximately 10-20% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Radio Valve Manufacturing Company Limited - Category B No serious damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability that fire would occur. Approximately 10-20% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. International Resistance Company - Category B No serious blast damage would occur and the possibility of fire damage is low. Less than 5$ of diift on duty would be seriously injured. Sangamo Company Limited - Category B No serious blast damage would occur and the possibility of fire damage is low. L6ss than 5$ of shift on duty would be seriously injured. Rubber Products Dunlop Tire and Rubber Goods No serious blast damage of fire damage is low. duty would be seriously Company Limited - Category C would occur and the possibility Less than 5$ of the shift on injured. Boilers, Tanks and Plate Works John Inglis Company Lifted - Category A Slight structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a possibility of further damage to building and contents from fire. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Bridge and Structural Steel Doi.union Bridge Coivipany Limited - Category C This plant would be completely destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100% of the shift on duty would be killed. Shipbuilding and Repairing Bawden Industries Limited - Category B Building and contents would receive serious damage from blast and fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Communications - Telephonic Bell Telephone Company, Main Exchange - Category A No serious damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Electric Power Main Electric Power Receiving Station, Ontario Hydro-Electric Commission, Leaside - Category A No serious damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. 000145 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECREJT CANADIAN EYES ONLY • - 8 - ; ''"'' Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen to. give maximum effeot oh a,second grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Klloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 15% of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II), As daytime population information is not at present available, it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Canadian Acme Screw and Gear Company - Category A Buildings and contents would be almost completely destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 30-65% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Batteries Willard Storage Battery Company - Category A Buildings and contents would be almost completely destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 30-65% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. National Carbon Limited - Category A No serious blast damage would occur and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. General Dry Batteries - Category B Serious structural damage would be caused by blast and fire would probably cause further damage. Approximately 10-20% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Prest - 0 - Lite Battery Company Limited - Category B Slight structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage to building and contents from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Electronics and Communication Equipment Canadian General Electric Company - Category A This plant would be completely destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 30-65$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Stromberg Carlson - Category B Slight structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage to building and equipment from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured, Philco Corporation of Canada - Category B Slight structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage to building and equipment from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000146 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 9 Bridges and Structural Steel Dominion Bridge Company - Category C No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is lowi Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Shipbuilding and Repairing Bawden Industries Limited - Category B Buildings would receive moderate structural damage from blast and there is a probability of further damage to buildings and contents from fire* Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a second grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among .20-30% of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). As daytime population information is not at present available, it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: White Metal Alloys Canada .Foils Limited - Category C Very slight structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of severe fire damage. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Agricultural Implements Massey Harris Company Limited - Category B No serious damage would be caused to buildings or equipment by blast and the probability that fire will occur is low. Approximately 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Canadian Acme Screw and Gear Company Limited - Category A Buildings and contents would be^completely destroyed by b l a s t and f i r e . Approximately 65-90$ of t h e shift on duty would be k i l l e d or seriously injured. Aircraft Appliances and Equipment Limited - Category B No serious blast damage would occur and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Phoenix Engineered Products - Category B No serious blast damage would occur and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. 000147 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 10 u Batteries Willard Storage Battery Company - Category A Buildings and equipment would be totally destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 65«*d0$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured, Exide Batteries of Canada limited - Category A Slight structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage to building and equipment from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. National Carbon Limited - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of damage to buildings and contents from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. General Dry Batteries - Category B Building and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 25*60$ of the shift ori duty would be killed or seriously injured. ' Prest - 0 - Lite Battery Company Limited - Category B Blast damage to building and contents would be serious and there would probably be further serious damage from fire. Approximately 10-15$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Electronics and Communication Equipment Canadian General Electric Company - Category A This plant would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 65-90$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Stromberg Carlson - Category B Building and contents would be very severely damaged by blast and would probably be destroyed by fire. Approximately 25-60$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Philco Corporation of Canada - Category B Building and contents would be very severely damaged by blast and would probably be destroyed by fire. Approximately 25-60% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured, Erie Resistor of Canada Limited - Category B Moderate structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage to building and contents from fire. Approximately 10-20% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Radio Valve Manufacturing Company - Category B No structural blast damage would occur and the probability of fire is low. Approximately 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Bridges and Structural Steel Dominion Bridge Company Limited - Category C Serious structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000148 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 11 Shipbuilding and "Repairing Bawden Industries Limited - Category B Buildings and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 15-30$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured, »->•••• • Boilers, Tanks and Plate Works John Inglis Company Limited - Category B No serious damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Approximately 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 5 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a third grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 10-15$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II), As daytime population information is not at present available, it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: White Metal Alloys Canada Foils Limited - Category C This plant would be totally destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Agricultural Implements Massey Harris Company Limited - Category B Buildings and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 30-65% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Batteries Exide B a t t e r i e s of Canada Limited - Category A Building and equipment would be destroyed by b l a s t and f i r e . Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be k i l l e d or seriously injured. National Carbon Limited - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured, Willard Storage Battery Company - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Brest - 0 - Lite Battery Company Limited - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. General Dry Batteries - Category B Slight structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of further damage to building and contents from fire. Approximately 5-10% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000149 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES OMLY - 12 Electronics and Communication Equipment Canadian General Electric Company - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Stromberg Carlson - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Radio Valve Manufacturing Company - Category B Building and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Boilers, Tanks and Plate Works John Inglis Company Limited - Category A Building and equipment would be completely destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Bridges and Structural Steel Dominion Bridge Company Limited No structural damage would the probability of fire is the shift on duty would be - Category B be caused by blast and low. Less than 5% of seriously injured. Shipbuilding and Repairing Bawden Industries Limited - Category B Slight Structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability that further damage will be caused to buildings and equipment from fire. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 5 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a third grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming point would cause casualties among 15-25% of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). As daytime population information is not at present available, it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: White Metal Alloys Canada Foils Limited - Category C This plant would be totally destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. Agricultural Implements Massey Harris Company Limited - Category B Buildings and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 65-90$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000150 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act - a Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'informatiom TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 13 Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Canadian Acme Screw and Gear Company Limited - Category A No structural building damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Approximately 5$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Carriere McFeeters - Category B No structural building damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of damage to building and contents from fire. Approximately 5-10% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Batteries Exide Batteries of Canada Limited - Category A This plant would be completely destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Willard Storage Battery Company Limited - Category A Severe structural building damage would b e caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage to building and contents from fire. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. National Carbon Limited - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of damage to building and contents from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured, Prest - 0 - Lite Battery Company limited - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of damage to building and contents from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. General Dry Batteries - Category B Building and contents would be almost completely destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 15-30$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Electronics and Communication Equipment Radio Valve Manufacturing Company - Category B Building and contents would be completely destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. International Resistance Company - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Erie Resistor of Canada - Category B No structural damage wculd be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty wouldbe seriously injured. Stromberg Carlson - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of damage to building and contents from fire. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000151 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information^ TOP SECRET CANADIAN EXES ONLY — 14 .«• Philco Corporation of Canada - Category B Structural blast damage would be very slight. However there is a probability of damage from fire. Approximately 10-20% of t he shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Rubber Products Dunlop Tire and Rubber Goods Company - Category C No structural damage would becaused by blast and the probability that fire will occur is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. BoilerSjL Tanks and Plate Works John Inglis Company Limited - Category A This plant would be completely destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. j Bridges and Structural Steel Dominion Bridge Company Limited - Category C Some structural damage would be caused by blast but no further damage is likely to be caused from fire. Approximately 5$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously ^injured. Shipbuilding and Repairing Bawden Industries Limited - Category B Very severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there would probably be Jhrther damage from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Oommunications - Telephonic Bell Telephone Company, Main Exchange - Category A No structural blast damage would occur and the probability of damage from fire is low. No casualties would occur among shift on duty. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 4 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a fourth grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among ^10-15% of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). As daytime popvilation information is not at present available, it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: White Metal A ua Metal Met Company Limited - Category A The Canada Slight structural blast damage would be caused but there is a probability that severe fire would occur. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. 000152 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act - v Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a /'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 15 Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Carriere McFeeters - Category B Buildings and equipment would be almost completely destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 30-65% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Electronics and Communication Equipment International Resistance Company - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of damage to building and contents from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Rubber Products Dunlop Tire and Rubber Goods Company Limited - Category C Little structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability that serious fire would occur. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Gas Storage Holders Consumers Gas Company, Station A - Category A Gas holders and other equipment would be destroyed. Consumers Gas Company, Station B - Category A This station would be totally destroyed. Petroleum Facilities imperial Oil Limited - Category A Storage tanks would be totally destroyed. Shell Oil Limited - Category A No serious blast damage would occur. The probability of fire is slight. Electric Power Richard L. Hearn Power Station (Fuel) - Category A Slight Structural building damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability sf further damage to building and equipment from fire. Approximately 5-10% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Effeot of a Burst over Aiming Point # 4 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a fourth grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming point would cause casualties among 15-20$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II), As daytime population information is not at present available, it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: 000153 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 16 White Metal Alloys The Canada Metal Company Limited - Category A This plant would probably be totally destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Canada Foils Limited - Category C No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Agricultural Implements Massey Harris Company Limited - Category B Slight structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage to building and equipment from fire. Approximately 5-10% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Carriere McFeeters - Category B Building and equipment would be totally destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 65-90% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Arsenals* and Munitions* Plants Canadian Arsenals, Leaside - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. No casualties would be caused by this attack among shift on duty. Batteries National Carbon Limited - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Exide Batteries Limited - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Willard Storage Battery Company - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Prest - 0 - Lite Battery Company - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. General Dry Batteries - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Electronics and Communication Equipment Canadian General Electric - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. 000154 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 17 Rogers Majestic Limited - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low* No casualties would be expected among shift on duty. International Resistance Company - Category B Buildings would be moderately damaged structurally by blast and there is a probability of further damage to building and contents from fire. Approximately 10-15% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Radio Valve Manufacturing Company Limited - Category B There would be no structural damage by blast but there is a probability of damage to building and equipment from fire. Approximately 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Cannon Electric - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Sangamo Electric Company - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured, Stromberg Carlson - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Philco Corporation of Canada - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Rubber Products Dunlop Tire and Rubber Goods Co. Limited - Category C Serious structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 10-15% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Boilers, Tanks and Plate Works John Inglis Company Limited - Category A Slight structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage to building and equipment from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Bridges and Structural Steel Dominion Bridge Company Limited - Category C No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. No casualties would occur among shift on duty. Shipbuilding and Repairing Bawden Industries Lifted - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. No casualties would occur among shift on duty. 000155 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 18 Communications - Telephonic Bell Telephone Company* Main Exchange - Category A Serious structural damage would be caused,by blast and there is a probability of further serious damage to contents from fire. Approximately 10-15$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Gas Storage Holders Consumers Gas Company, Station Gas holders and equipment Consumers Gas Company, Station Gas holders and equipment A - Category A would be destroyed. B - Category A would be destroyed. Petroleum Facilities Imperial Oil Company - Category A Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. Shell Oil Company - Category A Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. Electric Fewer Richard L. Hearn Power Station (Fuel) - Category A Building and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 15-30% ofthe shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Main Electric Power Receiving Station, Ontario Hydro-Electric Commission, Leaside - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire damage is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 5 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a fifth grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 15% of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II), As daytime population information is not at present available, it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: White Metal Alloys The Canada Metal Company Limited - Category A Damage to this plant from blast would be severe and there is a probability of total damage in the case of fire. Approximately 60-70$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000156 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information . TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 19 Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Carriere McFeeters - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of building and contents damage from fire. Approximately 5-10$ . of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Electronics and Communication Equipment International Resistance Company - Category B Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further serious damage from fire. Approximately15~25$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Erie Resistor of Canada - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Rubber Products Dunlop Tire and Rubber Goods Co. Limited - Category C Buildings and contents would be totally destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100% of the shift on duty would be killed. Communications - Telephonic Bell Telephone Company, Main Exchange - Category A Building and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Gas Storage Holders Consumers Gas Company, Station Gas holders and equipment blast and fire. Consumers Gas Company, Station Gas holders and equipment blast and fire. A - Category A would be destroyed by B - Category A would be destroyed by Petroleum Facilities Imperial Oil Limited - Category A Storage facilities would be destroyed by this attack. Electric Power Richard L. Hearn Power Station (Fuel) - Category A Moderate structrual damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage to building and equipment from fi3?e. Approximately 60-70$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000157 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document diyulgue en vertu.de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET. CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 20 Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 5 - Chosen to give maximum effect on. a fifth grouping Of Vital Points by a 100. Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 15-25$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II). As daytime population information is not at present available, it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: White Metal Alloys The Canada Metal Company Limited - Category A Buildings and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 80-85$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Canada Foils Limited - Category C No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire damage is low, No casualties would occur among shift on duty. Agricultural Implements Massey Harris Company Limited - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Approximately 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Carriers McFeeters - Category B Moderate structural damage would be caused by blast and there would probably be further damage from fire. Approximately 15-30% of t he shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Arsenals' and Munitions* Plants Canadian Arsenals Limited, Scarborough - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire damage is low. No casualties would occur among shift on duty, Canadian Arsenals Limited, Leaside - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire damage is low. No casualties would occur among shift on duty. Batteries Exide Batteries of Canada Limited - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire damage is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. National Carbon Limited - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire damage is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. 000158 I �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Aa Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 21 Prest - 0 - Lite Batteries - Category B No structural damage would be caused by the probability of fire damage is low, would occur among shift on duty. General Dry Batteries - Category B No structural damage would be caused by the probability of fire damage is low. would occur among shift on duty. blast and No casualties blast and No casualties Electronics and Communication Equipment Rogers Majestic Limited - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire damage is low* No casualties would occur among shift on duty. International Resistance Company Limited - Category B Buildings and contents would be totally destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100% of the shift on duty would be killed. Erie Resistor of Canada - Category B Moderate structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 10-20$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Cannon Electric Company - Category B Slight Structural damage T/:ould be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage from fire. Approximately 5-10% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Radio Valve Manufacturing Company - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire damage is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Sangamo Company Limited - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire damage is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Stromberg Carlson - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire damage is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Philco Corporation of Canada - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire damage is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Rubber Products Dunlop Tire and Rubber Goods Co Limited - Category C Buildings and contents would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100% of the shift on duty would be killed. Boilers, Tanks and Plate Works John Inglis Company Limited - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire damage is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 22 Bridges and Structural Steel Dominion Bridge Company Limited - Category C No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. No casualties would occur among shift on duty. Shipbuilding and Repairing Bawden Industries Limited - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire is low. No casualties would occur among shift on duty. Communications - Telephonic Bell Telephone, Main Exchange - Category A Building and equipment would be totally destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Gas Storage Holders Consumers Gas Company, Station A - Category A Gas holders and equipment would be destroyed. Consumers Gas Company, Station B - Category A Gas holders and equipment would be destroyed. Petroleum Facilities imperial Oil Limited - Category A Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast • and fire. Shell Oil Limited - Category A Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. Electric Power Richard L. Hearn Power Station (Fael) - Category A Building and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Main Electric Power Receiving Station, Ontario HydroElectric Commission, Leaside - Category A \ Very slight structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 6 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a sixth grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 5-10$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II), As daytime population information is not at present available, it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage ti those Vital Poiuts which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described :below: 000160 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 23 White Metal Alloys The Canada Metal Company Limited - Category A Severe structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability that a serious fire would occur. Approximately 60-70% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Carriere McFeeters - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability that damage would be caused from fire. Approximately 10-20% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Electronics and Communication Equipment International Resistance Company - Category A Slight structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage to building and contents from fire. Approximately 5-10% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. . Rubber Products Dunlop Tire and Rubber Goods Company - Category C Buildings would be moderately damaged by blast and there would be further severe damage to building and contents frcm fire. Approximately 15-30$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Communications - Telephonic Bell Telephone Company, Main Exchange - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast but there is a probability of damage from fire. Approximately 5-10$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Gas Storage Holders Consumers Gas Company, Station Gas holders and equipment blast and fire. Consumers Gas Company, Station Gas holders and equipment blast and f i r e . A - Category A would be destroyed by B - Category B would be destroyed by Petroleum Facilities Imperial Oil Limited - Category A Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. Shell Oil Limited - Category A Storage facilities would be destroyed by blast and fire. Electric Power II Jll ••ll«l.l«l«,,MIII !..._• « ... Richard L. Hearn Power Station (Fuel) - Category A Building and equipment would be totally destroyed. Approximately 100% of the shift on duty would be killed. 000161 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a /'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 24 Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 6 - Chosen to give maximyim effect on a sixth grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming point would cause casualties among 15-20% of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II), As daytime population information is not at present available, it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: White Metal Alloys The Canada Metal Company Limited - Category A Buildings and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 80-85% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Carriere McFeeters - Category B Moderate structural damage would be caused by blast and there would probably be severe fire damage. Approximately 15-30% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Arsenals' and Munitions' Plants Canadian Arsenals, Leaside - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. No casualties would occur among shift on duty. Batteries Exide Batteries of Canada - Category A No structural damage would be caused by and the probability of damage from fire Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would seriously injured. National Carbon Limited - Category A No structural damage would be caused by and the probability of damage from fire Less than 5% of the shift on duty would seriously injured. blast is low. be blast is low. be Electronics and Communication Equipment International Resistance Company - Category B Serious structural damage would be caused by blast and further severe damage is likely to be caused to building and contents by fire. Approximately 45-65$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Cannon Electric - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire damage is low. Approximately 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Radio Valve Manufacturing Company - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire damage is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. 000162 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 25 Rubber Products Dunlop Tire and Rubber Goods Co. Limited - Category C Building and contents would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 50-70$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Boilers, Tanks and Plate Works John Inglis Company Limited - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire damage is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Communications - Telephonic Bell Telephone Company, Main Exchange - Category A Moderate structural damage would be caused by blast and t here would probably be further serious damage to building and contents from fire. Approximately 10-15% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Gas Storage Holders Consumers Gas Company, Station Gas holders and equipment blast and fire. Consumers Gas Company, Station Gas holders and equipment blast and fire. A - Category A would be destroyed by B - Category A would be destroyed by Petroleum Facilities Imperial Oil Limited - Category A Storage facilities would be destroyed. Shell Oil Limited - Category A Storage facilities would be destroyed. Kichara t, Hearn Power Station (Fuel) - Category A Building and equipment would be completely destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100% of the shift on duty would be killed. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 7 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a seventh grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among /5% of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II), As daytime population information is not at present available, it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage tofcioseVital Points which lie ivithin the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: Arsenals' and Munitions' Plants Canadian Arsenals Limited, Leaside' - Category A Buildings and contents would be totally destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. 000163 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY — 26 — Electronics and Communication Equipment Rogers Majestic Limited - Category A Buildings and contents would be totally destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed, Sangamo Company Limited - Category B Building and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Electric power 1 Wain Electric Power Receiving Station, Ontario HydroElectric Commission, Leaside - Category A Building and equipment would be almost completely destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 30-65% of the shift on dutyuwould be killed or seriously injured. Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 7 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a seventh groupin of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb A nighttime attack on this Aiming Point would cause casualties among 10-15$ of the population depending on conditions of warning and rescue (Tables I and II), As daytime population information is not at present available, it is not possible to calculate casualties from a daytime attack. Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: White Metal Alloys The Canada Metal Company Limited - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and tha probability of fire damage is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Arsenals' and Munitions' Plants Canadian Arsenals Limited, Scarborough - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. No casualties would occur among shift on duty. Canadian Arsenals Limited, Leaside - Category A Building and contents would be totally destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100% of the shift on duty would be killed. Batteries National Carbon Limited - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire damage is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. 000164 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 27 Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Phoenix Engineered Products - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of fire damage is low. No casualties would occur among shift on duty. Electronics and Coiru~;.unication Equipment Rogers Majestic Limited - Category A Buildings and equipment would be completely destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed, Sangamo Company Limited - Category B Building and equipment would be completely destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 95-100$ of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Cannon Electric Company Limited - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Approximately 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. International Resistance Company - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Rubber Products Dunlop Tire and Rubber Goods Co. Limited - Category C No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Less than 5$ of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Bridge and Structural Steel Dominion Bridge Company Limited - Category C No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. No casualties would occur among shift on duty. Communications - Telephonic Bell Telephone Company, Main Exchange - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Electric Power Main Electric Power Receiving Station, Ontario Hydro-Electric Commission, Leaside - Category A Building and equipment would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 65-90% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. 000165 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces ai /'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 28 - Effect of a Burst over Aiming Point # 8 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a eighthgrouping of Vital Points by a 20 KL lotori bomb It was not possible to calculate casualties for this Aiming Point, but it is estimated that they would not be high. Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Canadian Steel Improvements - Category A Buildings and equipment would be totally destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. Aircraft Appliances and Equipment - Category B No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Brass and Copper Products Anaconda and American Brass Limited - Category A Buildings and equipment would be totally destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. Arsenals' and Munitions' Plants Canadian Arsenals Limited, Long Branch - Category A No structural damage would be caused by blast and the probability of damage from fire is low. Less than 5% of the shift on duty would be seriously injured. Rubber Products Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company of Canada Ltd - Category A Buildings and contents would be destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 60-70% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Effeot of a Burst over Aiming Point ff 8 - Chosen to give maximum effect on a eighthgrouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton bomb It was not possible to calculate casualties fer this Aiming Point, but it is estimated that they would not be high. Damage to those Vital Points which lie within the radius of destruction of this Aiming Point is described below: 000166 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY - 29 Aircraft and Aircraft Parts Canadian Steel Improvements - Category A Buildings and equipment would be totally destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100$ of the shift on duty would be killed. Aircraft Appliances & Equipment - Category B Moderate structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage to building and contents from fire. Approximately 10-20$. of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Arsenals' and Munitions' Plants Canadian Arsenals Limited, Long Branch - Category A Slight structural damage would be caused by blast and there is a probability of further damage to building and contents from fire. Approximately 5-10% of the shift on duty would be killed or seriously injured. Brass and Copper Products Anaconda and American Brass Limited - Category A Buildings and equipment would be totally destroyed by blast and fire. Approximately 100% of the shift on duty would be killed. Rubber Products The Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co. of Canada Limited - Category A Buildings and contents would be destroyed by b l a s t and f i r e . Approximately 80-85$ of t h e shift on duty would be k i l l e d or seriously injured. (d) Effects on Morale It is expected that the effect on morale in large centres of population in Canada, and at least the northern parts of the United States, would be much the same whichever city is attacked by an atomic bomb. The effect will probably be somewhat proportionate to the size of the casualties inflicted by individual bombs and by the number of cities attacked. VI Air Navigation Aspects of an Attack With the equipment at present available to the Russian Long Range Air Force, Toronto would be an exceptionally easy target to locate on either a high or low level attack under any weather conditions for a well trained navigator not familiar with the area. Accuracy in identifying specific Aiming Points is a more critical aspect. However the Vital Points are distributed over most of the city, and an atomic explosion over many parts of the built up area would cause serious damage to both Vital Points and population; though of a lesser magnitude than described by this report. 000167 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES - CITY OF TORONTO TOP SECRET NIGHTTIME ATTACK 20 K i l o t o n Bomb ' . " • CANADIAN EYES ONLY 100 K i l o t o n Bomb Aiming P o i n t g I -* Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on Nighttime D i s t r i b u t i o n of P o p u l a t i o n and on one Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s Killed JM _ Seriously Lightly Injured Injured No Warning - No Rescue 63,600 49,000 43,600 No Warning - With Rescue 40,000 57,800 47,900 With W a r n i n g - . W i t h Rescue 30,400 33,600 . 31,700 Killed ——~_ Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Ne Warning - No Rescue 171,000 84,400 62,000 No Warning - With Rescue 107,300 108,200 72,200 83,300 62,100 43,000 136,400 67,400 48,800 With Warning - "lith Rescue Aiming Point f 2 - Chosen t o Give .Maximum E f f e c t on a Second Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue 50,200 36,200 32,400 No Warning - No Rescue No Warning - With Rescue 29,800 43,000 36,000 No Warning - With Rescue 81,000 87,700 58,500 7,'lth Warning - With Rescue 24,300 .25.* 500 23,700 With Warning - With Rescue 61,400 50,400 34,200 105,500 58,900 47,900 Aiming P o i n t # 3 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Third Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue 45.,000 29,900 26,400 No Warning - No Rescue No Warning - With Rescue 27,000 37,200 29,700 No Warning - With Rescue 68,600 73,600 54,000 :18,800 22,300 20,500 With Warning - With Rescue 53,800 42,800 32,400 With Warning - U i t h Rescue 000168 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces, a I'information TABLE I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES - CITY OF TORONTO TOP SECRET NIGHTTIME ATTACK 20 K i l o t o n Bomb CANADIAN EYES ONLY 100 K i l o t o n Bomb Aiming Point % 4 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Fourth Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s Killed _______ Seriously Injured Lightly Iajured No Warning - No Rescue 31,900 22,500 20,800 No Warning - :, T ith Rescue 17,800 27,900 With Warning - VJith Rescue 12,900 17,200 Killed _____ Seriously Injured Lightly Injured No W&roin^ - No Rescue 88,000 56,800 49,900 23,300 No,Warning - With Rescue 49,800 70,000 56,200 15,800 l l i t h Warning - V."ith Rescue 37,500 40,400 29,400 109,800 50,800 40,000 Aiming P o i n t ft; 5— Chosen t o Give Maximum -Effect on a F i f t h Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue 56,200 25,900 22,000 No Warning - No Rescue No Warning - With Rescue 36,600 37,100 29,300 No Warning - With Rescue 70,200 65,600 46,000 With Warning - With Rescue 27,600 23,700 20,400 With Warning - With Rescue 59,800 39,-200 28,800 A lining Point ,/ 6 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a S i x t h Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue 20,300 17,900 16,500 No Warning - No Rescue 63,300 48,100 41,600 No Warning - ' With Rescue 8,400 21,900 18,500 No Earning - With Rescue 34,400 59,000 46,400 With Warning - With Rescue 5,100 13,300 12,000 With Warning - With Rescue 23,900 33,600 21,800 000169 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information ActDocument divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces, a I'information TABLE I - CASUALTY ESTIMATES - CITY OF TOROliTO TOP SECRET NIGHTTIME ATTACK CANADIAN EYES ONLY 100 Ki.Loton Bo 4:b 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Aiming P o i n t ,, 7 - Chosen t o Give k&ximum -Effect on a Seventh Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s Killed Seriously Injured Lightly Injured Killed Seriously injured Lightly Injured 11,300 11,900 11,900 No Warning - No Rescue 33,600 44,600 41,100 No Warning - With Rescue 8,900 13,000 12,300 No Warning - With Rescue 22100 48,200 42,900 With Warning - With Rescue 7,400 7,500 7,500 With Warning - With Rescue 16,800 27,200 23,400 No Wa-mag - No Rescue 000170 �Document disclosed underthe Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TABLE I I - CASUALTIES AS PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION *,/ CANADIAN EYES ONLY NIGHTTIME ATTACK 100 Kilotioa Boab 20 K i l o t o n Bo.;b AiT.ing Point ^ I - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t Killed i Seriously Injured on P o p u l a t i o n and on One Grouping of VilaL P o i n t s Lightly Injured KillJd Seriously =-- Injured Lightly Injured 10 5 5 No Warning - No Rescue 20 10 10 No Warning - With Rosouc 5 5 5 No Warning - With Rosouo 15 20 10 With Warning - With Rescue 5 5 5 With Warning - With Rescue 10 10 5 No Warning - No Rescue Aiming P o i n t # 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on « Soocrid Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No R-.soue 5 5 5 No Warning - No Rescue 15 10 5 No Warning - With Rescue 5 5 5 No Warning - fiith Rescue 10 10 5 With Warning - With Rescue 5 5 5 With Warning - With Rescue 10 5 5 Aiming B?int tf d - Chosen t o Givo M-ua/ruiia E f f e c t on a Third Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Roscuo 5 5 5 No V.T«r:ii;:g - No Roscue 15 5 5 No Warning - With Rescue 5 5 5 No WL.riii.ng - With Rescue 10 10 5 IP 5 5 With Warning - With RBSOUS 5 5 5 With Warning - With Rescue 000171 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act<Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TABLE I I - CASUALTIES AS PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION x CANADIAN EYES ONLY NIGHTTIME ATTACK 100 K i l o t o n Bomb 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Aiming Point # 4 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a F o u r t h Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s Killed Seriously Injured Killed Lightly Injured 5 5 5 No Warning - No Rescue No Warning - With Rescue Z5 5 5 No Warning - With Rescue With Warning - With Rescue Z? IP> IP No Warning - No Rescue With Warning - TT Seriously Injured Lightly Injured 10 5 5 5 10 5 5 5 5 ith Rescue Aiming P o i n t # 5 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a F i f t h Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue 5 5 5 No Warning - No Rescue 15 5 5 No Warning - With Rescue 5 5 5 No Warning - With Rescue 10 10 5 With Warning - With Rescue 5 5 5 With Warning - With Rescue 5 5 5 10 5 5 Aiming Point # 6 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a S i x t h Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue /ftp /p Ip NO Warning - No Rescue No Warning - With Rescue /ftp /ftp /p No Warning - With Rescue 5 5 5 With Warning - With Rescue /p /ftp /p With Warning - With Rescue 5 5 5 Aiming Point # 7 - Chosen t o Gi?e Maximum E f f e c t on a Seventh Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s No Warning - No Rescue /p No Warning - With Rescue With Warning - With Rescue /p /p No Warning - No Rescue 5 5 5 Ip /ftp /p_ No Warning - With Rescue 5 5 5 /I /l /I Witti Warning - With Rescue /p 5 5 • x Based on 815,000 w i t h i n 5 m i l e s of Aiming P o i n t . The p o p u l a t i o n of t h e m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a i s 1,117,000 of t h e c i t y proper i s 676,000 000172 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act -, Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SU'S/P.r.Y C7 0:.T VITAL P0J.ITi"3 J..'.. ift-ziij .i...ii.± CANADIAN ES ONLY Aiming Point # I - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on the Nighttime Distribution of Population and on One Grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton Bomb Vital Point Vital Point Category Canadian General E l e c t r i c A Canadian Acme Screw & Gear Co Ltd A N a t i o n a l Carbon Limited A Willard Storage B a t t e r i e s A Massey H a r r i s Company Limited B P r e s t - 0 - L i t e B a t t e r y Co Limited B General Dry B a t t e r i e s B Radio Valve Manufacturing Company B E r i e R e s i s t o r of Canada L i m i t e d B Stromberg C a r l s o n B P h i l c o C o r p o r a t i o n of Canada Structural Damage by B l a s t (#) Probability of Fire Damage t o C o n t e n t s With F i r e No F i r e Med 75 - 100 L/% 0 Low 25 - 50 0 100 High 100 100 75$ App 50 - 75 Med 75 - 100 Low 25 - 50 High 75 - 100 25-50 Med 75$ App /2S$> 0 Low 25 - 50 0 0 Low 25 - 50 0 75 - 100 High 100 B 75$ App High 100 Bawden I n d u s t r i e s L i m i t e d B 0-25 Med 50 - 75 0-25 Dominion Bridge Company Limited C 100 High 100 100 0 25-50 50 - 75 0 75 - 100 Z?5# 000173 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act -Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information i TABLE III - NUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS i TOP SECRET CANADIAN ETES tY Aiming Point «. I - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on the Nighttime Distribution of Population and on One Grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton Bonfo V i t a l Point Category Vital Points Structural Damage by B l a s t ($) Probability of Fire Damage t o Contents With F i r e No F i r e m John I n g l i s Company L i m i t e d A £29%, Med Canadian Acme Screw and Gear Co Ltd A 25-50 Med 50 - 75 2 5 - 50 Exide B a t t e r i e s of Canada Limited A jjs$ Med 50-75 tft28§> N a t i o n a l Carbon L i m i t e d A 100 High 100 100 W i l l a r d S t o r a g e B a t t e r y Co A 100 High 100 75-100 Canadian General E l e c t r i c A 100 High 100 75.;- 100^ B e l l Telephone Co Main Exchange (s) A 0 Low 25-50 oo Canadian A r s e n a l s Limited A 0 Low 25-50 o; Main E l e c t r i c Power (Leaside) A 0 Low 25-50 oc Rogers M a j e s t i c Limited A 0 Low 25-50 oo Massey H a r r i s Company Limited B 25-50 Med 75$ App 2535- 50 : C a r r i e r e McFeeters B 0 Low 50$ App Bawden I n d u s t r i e s Limited B 75 - 100 High 100 75$0App? P r e s t - 0 - L i t e B a t t e r y Co Ltd B 100 High 100 100 o General Dry B a t t e r i e s B High 100 7 5 7 - 100 (Leaside) 75 - 100 50$ App o-o. .....2 '• 000174 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABIE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET MX CANADIAN E m Aiming Point # I - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on the Nighttime D i s t r i b u t i o n of Population on One Grouping'of V i t a i t P o i n t s by a 100 K i l o t o n Bomb Vital Points V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage by Blast ($) Probability of Fire Damage,to, Contents ^ witit.Fir^:;g— Radio Valve Manufacturing Co B •JO Med 50^75?5 I n t e r n a t i o n a l R e s i s t a n c e Co B 0 Low 255--50 0 Erie R e s i s t o r of Canada Limited B 25$iApp fcod 50) '•- 75;, Sangamo Company Limited B 0 Low 25 - 50 Stromberg Carlson B 100 High 100 Fhllco Corporation of Canada B 100 High 100 Phoenix Engineered Products B 0 Med 50—,75 Dominion Bridge Company Limited C 100 High 1100 No F i r e 0 " 0 -SS^App 0. -100 iUkr-^---4 * 0 100 *'-^ 1CH Canada F o i l s Limited C 0-25 Med 5«0 - ; 7 5 '0. - 25 C ~:y "- '-'•• Dunlop Tire and Rubber Goods Co Ltd C 0 Low 2525 -fSO 0 000175 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECR' CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Second Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 20 K i l o t o n Bomb - V i t a l Point V i t a l Poin t Category Structural Damage by B l a s t ($) Probability of Fire With F i r e Damage t o C o n t e n t s No F i r e Canadian General E l e c t r i c A 100 High 100 Canadian Acme Screw and Gear Company A 75 - 100 High 100 N a t i o n a l Carbon L i m i t e d A 0 Low 25-50 0 Willard Storage B a t t e r i e s A 100 High 100 100 P r e s t - 0 - L i t e B a t t e r y Co Ltd B 0-25 Med 50 - 75 0-25 G e n e r a l Dry B a t t e r i e s B 75$ App Med 75 - 100 Z25$ Stromberg C a r l s o n B £25$ Med 75$ App £25$ P h i l c o C o r p o r a t i o n of Canada B 2.25$ Med 75$ App £25$ Bawden I n d u s t r i e s B 25-50 Med 75 - 100 Dominion Bridge Company Limited C 0 Low 25-50 100 75 - 100 25-50 0 000176 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act» Documentdivulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces .6 I'information TABLE I I I - SUMMAEY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET I CANADIAN JSS ONLY Aiming Point # 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a Second Grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb Vital Points Vital Point Category Structural Damage by Blast ($) Probability of Fire Damage t o Contents No F i r e With F i r e John I n g l i s Company Limited A 0 Low 25-50 0 Canadian Acme Screw and Gear Co Ltd A 100 High 100 100 Exide B a t t e r i e s of Canada Limited A 0-25 Med 50-75 0-25 National Carbon Limited A 0 Med 50-75 0 Willard Storage Battery Co A 100 High 100 100 Canadian General E l e c t r i c A 100 High 100 100 Massey Harris Company Limited B 0 Low 25-50 0 Aircraft Appliances and Equipment Ltd B 0 Low 25-50 0 Bawden I n d u s t r i e s Limited B 75 - 100 High 100 75 - 100 Prest - 0 - L i t e Battery Co Limited B 50$ App High General Dry B a t t e r i e s B 100 High Radio Valve Manufacturing B 0 Low .25-50 E r i e Resistor of Canada Limited B 25-50 Med 75 - 100 Stromberg Carlson B 75 - 100 High 100 Philco Corporation of Canada B 75 - 100 High 100 . 75 - 100 25 - 50 100 • • • • 75 - 100 0 25 - 50 75 - 100 100 Ct 000177 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act r Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point £ 2 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Second Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 100 Kiloton Bonto V i t a l Points V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage by B l a s t ($) ibability Of Fire Damage to Contents With Fire No Fire Phoenix Engineered P r o d u c ts B 0 Low 50$ App 0 Dominion Bridge Company Limited C 50-75 Med 75 - 100 50$ App Canada F o i l s Limited C 0-25 Med 50$ App 0-25 000178 �Document disclosed underthe Access to Information Act .Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN ETES ,*LY Aiming Point ^ 3 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Third Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Vital Point V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage by B l a s t ($) Probability of Fire Damage t o C o n t e n t s With F i r e No F i r e Canadian General E l e c t r i c A 100 High 100 100 N a t i o n a l Carbon Limited A 0 Low 25-50 0 Exide B a t t e r i e s of Canada Limited A 100 High 100 100 W i l l a r d S t o r a g e B a t t e r i e s Co A 0 Low 25 - 50 0 John I n g l i s Company Limited A 100 High 100 100 Massey H a r r i s Company L i m i t e d B 100 High 100 C a r r i e r e McFeeters B 0 Low 25-50 0 P r e s t - 0 L i t e B a t t e r y Co Ltd B 0 Low 25-50 0 General Dry B a t t e r i e s B 0-25 Med 50-75 0, - 25 Radio Valve Manufacturing Co Ltd B 100 High 2.00 100 Stromberg C a r l s o n B 0 Low 25-50 0 Bawden I n d u s t r i e s L i m i t e d B 0-25 Med 50-75 0-25 Canada F o i l s Limited C 100 High 100 100 Dominion Bridge Co Ltd C 0 Low 25-50 0 75-JL00 000179 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - smMARY OF EFFECT ON Vft -.iL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN S3 ONLY Aiming Point # 3 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t en a Third Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 100 K i l o t o n Bomb Vital Points V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage by Probability of Fire With F i r e No F i r e High 100 100 Lew 25 - 50 0 High 100 100 Med 50 - 75 c Med 75 - 100 Low 25-50 0 Lew 25 - 50 0 High 100 Med 50$ App High 75 - 100 Med 50 - 75 0-25 High 100 75 - 100 High 100 100 Lew 25 - 5C 0 Lew 25-50 0 Damage t o C o n t e n t s B l a s t {$) John Inglis Company Limited A 100 Canadian Acme Screw & Gear Co Ltd A 0 Exide Batteries of Canada Limited A 100 National Carbon Limited A 0 Willard Storage Battery Co A Richard L. Hearn Fuel Power Station A 0 Bell Telephone Company Main Exchange (s) A 0 Massey Harris Company Limited B 100 Carriere McFeeters B C Bawden Industries Limited B 75$ App Prest - 0 - Lite Battery Co Limited B 0 General Dry Batteries B 75 - 100 Radio Valve Manufacturing Co B 100 International Resistance Co B 0 Erie Resistor of Canada Limited B C £75$ 50-75 75 - 100 0 50-75 • • • • C* 000180 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act ? Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information '* TA3LE I I I - SUMMARY OF -EFFECT' ON VI. LJTOBgS TOP.; r ECRET CANADIAN E 'i ONLY Aiming Point # 3 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect "on a Third Grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kilotoli Bonfo Vital Points V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage by Blast ($) r. Stromberg Carlson B 0 Philco Corporation of Canada B 0-25 Dominion Bridge Company Limited C 25$ App Canada Foils Limited C 100 Dunlop Tire and Rubber Goods Co Ltd C 0 Damage to -Contents Probability of Fire With Fire Med 50$ App Med 50 - 75 No Fire 0 0-25 Low 50$ App £25$ Higi 100 100 Low 50 -- '75 0 000181 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOPSECR-ET CANADIAN Et^5 ONLY Aiming Point # 4 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Fourth Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 20 K i l o t o n Bomb V i t a l Points V i t a l Poin t Category Structural Damage by B l a s t ($) bability of Fire Damage t o Contents With F i r e No F i r e The Canada Metal Co L i m i t e d A 0-25 Med 50-75 0-25 B e l l Telephone Co Main Exchange (s) A 0 Med 50$ App 0-25 Consumers Gas Company "A" A 100 High Consumers Gas Company "B n A 100 High Richerd L , Hearn Power S t a t i o n (Fuel) A Z.25 Med 50-75 0-25 C a r r i e r e McFeeters B 75 - 100 High 100 I n t e r n a t i o n a l R e s i s t a n c e Company B 0 Med 50$ App 0 Dunlop T i r e and Rubber Goods Co Ltd C 0-25 Med 75 - 100 0-25 75$ App 000182 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act -. Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SUMMftHT OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SE0HET r CANADIAN 3 ONLT # Aiming Point # 4 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Fourth Grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb Vital Points Vital Point Category Structural Damage by Blast ($) Probability of Fire Damage t o Contents With Fir e No Fire John Inglis Company Limited A 0-25 Med 50 - 75 0-25 Canada Metal Company Limited A 75$ App High 100 £75$ Exide B a t t e r i e s of Canada Limited A 0 Low 50$ App c National Carbon Limited A 0 Low 50$ App c Willard Storage Battery Co A 0 Low 25 - 50 c Canadian General Electric A 0 Low 25 - 50 Imperial Oil Limited A 100 High Shell Oil Limited A 100 High Consumers Gas Company (A) A 100 High Consumers Gas Company (B) A 100 High Richard L. Hearn Fuel Power S t a t i o n A 75 - 100 High 100 Bell Telephone Company Main Exchange (s) A £50$ High 75 - 100 Canadian Arsenals Limited (Leaside) A 0 Low 50$ App % Main E l e c t r i c Power (Leaside) A 0 Low 25-50 °0 Rogers Majestic Limited A 0 Low 25 - 50 0 0 b 0 °o r 75--llfo ' 2 5 - - feO • • • • c* 000183 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE III - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES Aiming Point # 4 - Chosen to Give Maximum Effect on a Fourth Grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb Vital Points Vital Point Category Structural Damage by B l a s t ($) .Probability of Fire Damage t o C o n t e n t s With F i r e No F i r e Massey Harris Company Limited B 0-25 Med 50 - 75 0-25 Carriere McFeeters B 100 High 100 100 0 Low 25-50 0 tfBawden Industries Limited B Prest - 0 - Lite Company Limited B 0 Low 25-50 0 General Dry Batteries B 0 Low 25-50 0 Radio Valve Manufacturing Company B 0 Med 50 - 75 0 Cannon Electric B 0 Low 25-50 0 International Resistance Company B 25$ App High 75$ App Sangamo Company Limited B 0 Low 25-50 0 Stromberg Carlson B 0 Low 25 - 50 0 Philco Corporation of Canada B 0 Low 25-50 0 Dominion Bridge Company Limited C 0 Low 25-50 0 Canada Foils Limited C 0 Low 50$ App 0 Dunlop Tire & Rubber Goods Limited C 50$ App High 75 - 100 V 25$ App 50$ App 000184 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TABLE I I I - NUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point # 5 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a Fifth Grouping of Vital Points by a 20 Kiloton Bonto Vital Point Category Vital Points Structural Damage by Blast ($) (bability of Fire Med 100 75 - 100 100 ICO 0 - 25 Damag.3 t o Content s With Fire No Fire The Canada Metal Company Limited A 75 - 100 Bell Telephone Company Main Exchange (s) A 100 High Consumers Gas Company "A" A 100 High A 100 High Imperial Oil Limited A 100 High Richard L.Hearn Fuel Power Stn A £.25$ Med 50-75 Carriere McFeeters B c Med 50$ App I n t e r n a t i o n a l Resistance Company B 75 - 100 High 100 Erie Resistor of Canada Limited B 0 Low 25-50 0 Dunlop Tire and Rubber Goods Co C 100 High 100 100 Consumers Gas Company W B" 0 75 - 100 000185 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE III - aULwARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POIIUS . TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYES ONLY Aiming Point j 5 - Chosen to Give liaximum Effect on a Fifth Grouping of Vital Points by a 100 Kiloton Bomb Vital Points Vital Point Gategory Structural Damage by Blast ($) Probability of Fire Damage to Contents. ^ith Fire No F i r e C a r r i e r e McFeaters B 25-50 High 75 - 100 Bawden I n d u s t r i e s Limited B 0 Low 25-50 0 Prest - 0 - Lite Battery Co Limited B 0 Low 25-50 0 General Dry B a t t e r i e s B 0 Low 25 - 50 0 Radio Valve iianufacturing Company B 0 Low 25-50 0 Cannon E l e c t r i c B 0-25 Med 50 - 75 0-25 I n t e r n a t i o n a l Resistance Co B 100 100 100 Erie Resistor ot Canada Limited B 25> App Med 75 - 100 £25$ Sangami Company Limited B 0 low 50$ App 0 Stromberg Carlson B 0 low 25-50. 0 Philco Corporation of Canada B 0 Low 25 - 50 0 Dominion Bridge Company Limited C Low 25 - 50 0 Canada F o i l s Limited C 0 low 25-50 0 Dunlop Tire & Rubber Goods Co Ltd C 1CD High 100 100 0 High 25 - 50 000186 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act -. Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EW30T ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADIAN I ,1 ONLY Aiming Poin t # 6 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a s i x t h Grouping cf V i t a l P o i n t s by a 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Vital Points V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage by B l a s t ($) Probability of Fire Damage t o C o n t e n t s With F i r e No F i r e Med 100 75$ App 50-75 0 0 The Canada Metal Company Ltd A B e l l Telephone Company Main Exchange (s) A 0 Med Consumers Gas Company "A" A 100 High A 100 High S h e l l O i l Limited A 100 High I m p e r i a l O i l Limited A 100 High C a r r i e r e McFeeters B 0 Med 25-50 I n t e r n a t i o n a l R e s i s t a n c e Company B 0-25 Med 50 - 75 Dunlop T i r e and Rubber Goods Company Ltd C £25 High 75 - 100 Richard L. Hearn Fuel Power S t a t i o n A 100 High Consumers Gas Company n Bn 75 - 100 100 0 - 25 100 100 000187 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act -. Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET CANADtflAN EYES ONLY Aliiiing P o i n t # 6 - Chosen t n Give Maximum E f f e c t on a S i x Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 100 K i l o t o n Bomb Vital Points V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage by B l a s t ($) Probability of Fire Low Damage t o Contents With F i r e 25 - 50 No F i r e 0 John I n g l i s Company Limited A 0 The Canada Metal Co Limited A 100 High 100 75 - 100 Exide B a t t e r i e s of Canada Limited A 0 Low 25-50 0 N a t i o n a l Carbon Limited A 0 Low 25 - 50 0 I m p e r i a l O i l Limited A 100 High S h e l l Oil Limited A 100 High Consumers Gas Company "A" A 100 High Consumers Gas Company "B tt A 100 High Richard L . Hearn F u e l Power S t a t i o n A 100 High 100 100 B e l l Telephone Company Main Exchange (s) A 25$ App High 75 - 100 25$ App Canadian A r s e n a l s Ltd (Leaside) A 0 Lorn- 25 - 50 0 C a r r i e r e McFeeters B 25-50 High 75 - 100 25 - 50 Radio Valve Manufacturing Company B 0 Low 50$ App 0 Cannon E l e c t r i c Company B 0 Low 50$ App 0 I n t e r n a t i o n a l R e s i s t a n c e Company B 50$ App High 75 - 100 25 - 50 Dunlp T i r e & Rubber Goods Company Ltd C 75 - 100 High 100 75$ App • 000188 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act -. Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET TABLE I I I - SUL&IAKY OF EFFECT ON VITAL FOINTS CANADIAN ET ONLY Aiming Poin t # 7 - Chosen t o Give Maximum Effect on a Seventh Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Vital Points Canadian A r s e n a l s V i t a l Point Category (Leaside) Structural Damage by B l a s t ($) Probability of Fire With Fire Damage to Contents No Fire A 100 High 100 100 Rogers M a j e s t i c Limited A 75100100 High 100 100 Main E l e c t r i c Power A 75 - 100 High 100 75 - 100 B 100 High 100 100 (Leaside) Sangamo Company Limited 000189 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act -. Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - a l u — g r OF EFFECT ON VITAL POL TS TOP SECRET CANADIAN EYS3 ONLY Aiming P o i n t ./= 7 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a Seven Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 100 K i l o t o n Bomb Vital Points V i t a l Point Category Structural Danage by B l a s t ($) The Canada Metal Company Limited N a t i o n a l Carbon Limited A B e i l Telephone-Co I/Iain Scchange(s) Canadian A r s e n a l s Canadian A r s e n a l s A (Scarborough) (Leaside) A A 0 0 0 0 Probability of 25 - 50 0 25-50 0 .50$ App 0 50$ App 0 100. 100 Low Low Low High A 100 High A 100 High Cannon E l e c t r i c Co B 0 Low I n t e r n a t i o n a l R e s i s t a n c e Co B 0 Low Sangamo Company Limited B 100 High Phoenix Engineered P r o d u c t s B 0 Low Dominion Bridge Company Limited C 0 Low Dunlop T i r e & Rubber Goods Company Ltd C 0 Ipw ' No F i r e Low 100 Rogers M a j e s t i c Limited With F i r e Fire A Main E l e c t r i c Power (Leaside) Danage t o Contents 100 75 - 100 100 100 50$ App 0 50$ App 0 100 100 25 - 50 0 25-50 0 50 - 75 0 000190 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act -. Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - SUMMARY OF EFFECT ON VITAL POINTS TOP SECRET - ~' CANADIAN ETSS (ONLY Aiming Point # 8 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on an E i g h t Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 20 K i l o t o n Bomb Vital Points V i t a l Point Category Struct ,ural Damag*5 by B l a s t ($) Probability of Fire With F i r e Damage t o Cent e n t s Ne F i r e Canadian S t e e l Improvements A 100 High 100 100 Canadian A r s e n a l s Ltd (Long Branch) A 0 Low 25 - 50 0 Anacanda and American B r a s s L i m i t e d A 100 High 100 IOC Goodyear T i r e & Rubber Co of Canada Ltd A 100 High 100 100 A i r c r a f t A p p l i a n c e s and Equipment Ltd B 0 Low 25-50 0 000191 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act -„ Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TABLE I I I - tfjUMMRY OF EFFECT OH VITAL POL'slTS TOP SECRET '" CANADIAN EYES ONLY ' *' * . i Aiming P o i n t it 8 - Chosen t o Give Maximum E f f e c t on a E i g h t Grouping of V i t a l P o i n t s by a 100 K i l o t o n Bomb V i t a l Points V i t a l Point Category Structural Damage by B l a s t ($) Probability oi Fire Damage t o C o n t e n t s With F i r e No F i r e Anaconda and American B r a s s Ltd A 100 High 100 100 Goodyear T i r e & Rubber Co of Canada Ltd A 100 High • 100 100 Canadian S t e e l Improvements A 100 High 100 100 A i r c r a f t Appliances and Equipment Ltd B 25 - 50 Med 75$ App .25-50 Canadian A r s e n a l s (Long Branch) A £25$ Med 50 - 75 £25$ 000192 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information ' X* •s TOP SkC-R^T • CANADIAN LIES ONLY APPENDIX "A" - STUDY OF CITY OF TORONTO For the City of Toronto the list of Vital Points as determined by the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital Points is as follows: Category "A" The Canada Metal Co LLmited The DeHavilland Aircraft Company A.V. Roe (Canada) Limited Canadian Acme Screw and Gear Co Limited Canadian Steel Improvements Canadian Arsenals Limited (Instruments) (Leaside) National Carbon Limited Exide Batteries of Canada Limited Willard Storage Battery Co .Anaconda and American Brass Limited Canadian General Electric Rogers Majestic Limited The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co of Canada Limited John Inglis Company Limited Main Exchange(s) Bell Telephone Company Consumers Gas Company Stations "A" and M B" Shell Oil LLnaited British American Oil Refinery Imperial Oil Limited Trinidad Lease Holders Refinery Richard L, Hearn Power Station (liUel) Main Electric Power Receiving Station (Leaside) Canadian Arsenals Limited (Small Arms) (Long Branch) Canadian Arsenals Limited (Radar) (Scarborough) 000193 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOP SECRET CANADIAN ^YES ONLY - 2 Category "B" Massey Harris Company Limited Carriere McFeeters Aircraft Appliances and Equipment Limited Phoenix Engineered Products Prest - 0 - Lite Battery Co Limited General Dry Batteries Radio Valve Manufacturing Company Cannon Electric International Resistance Company Erie Resistor of Canada Limited Sangamo Company Limited Stromberg Carlson Philco Corporation of Canada Bawden Industries Limited Category"0" Canada Foils Limited Dunlop Tire and Rubber Goods Company Limited Dominion Bridge Company Limited 000194 �Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information TOE SECRET CANADIAN I^YSS ONLY - 3 - The categories determined by the Interdepartmental Committee on Vital Points are designed for sabotage studies. They have been adapted for the present study by raising those points which are important to the joint Canadian U.S. war effort from Category "A" to a superior Category "AA", and by restating the significance of the categories. The categories used are as follows: Category "AA" Individual plants or buildings of sufficient importance to the North American war effort to be considered possible atomic bomb targets, irrespective of any effects of an A-bomb attack on the target on other Vital Points, Additional effects will, however, play a part in determining the relative importance of Category "AA" targets and they have, therefore, been studied and reported. Category "A" Individual plants or buildings not of sufficient importance to the North American war effort to be considered A-bomb targets by themselves, but which may become A-bomb targets if the other effects of the explosion of a bomb over the target would produce a sufficient cumulative effect on population and other Vital Points, Category "B" Important points to be considered in conjunction with attacks on Category "AA" and Category "A" targets. Category "0" Minor points bo be considered in conjunction with attacks on Category "AA" and Category "A" targets. 000195 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CDIM02647 Title A name given to the resource Report, "Atomic Vulnerability Study of Canada, The City of Toronto" Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Nuclear Vulnerability Study, RG25, Vol. 4563, File 50041-A-40, Part 1, LAC. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Department of External Affairs Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Canadian Crown Subject The topic of the resource Early Cold War, Atomic Vulnerability Description An account of the resource Atomic Vulnerability Study Panel, Ottawa Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Canada Declassified Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource en