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                    <text>Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a {'information

WISER - TOP SECRET

RECORD OF
WISER NUMBERS FROM WASHINGTON

LETTERS
and
TELETYPES

,

&lt;

#

Pjgr

J?

\

000271

�v

- ^ O o c u m e n t disclosed unde^the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information

WISER - TOP SECRET
RECORD O F
WISER NUMBERS FROM WASHINGTON
LETTERS
Wiser N o . 1, M a y 26/51.

Forwarding report o n 1st Meeting o f
Consultation

2, M a y 26/51.

U S SAC Projects.

3, June 2/51.

to ADPH enclosing list of questions concerning use of atomic weapons and circumstances
giving rise to war with Soviet Union.

k, June 15/51.

Forwarding report on 2nd Meeting of
Consultation.

5 , June 23/51.

Methods of handling U.S. atomic requests.

6, July 114/51.

Forwarding report on 3rd Meeting of
Consultation.

7, July 21/51.

Methods of handling U.S. atomic requests and
forwarding draft letter to Mr. Arneson on
this subject.

8, July 21/51.

British views on atomic warfare and forwarding summary of British paper on this subject.

9, July 23/51.

Communication facilities at D.N.D.

10, July 28/51.

Forwarding report on lj.th Meeting o f
Consultation.

11, Aug.6/51.

Forwarding copy letter to R.G.Arneson, p r o cedure for handling U.S. atomic requests.

12, Aug.9/51.

Change suggested b y State Department in
letter to Mr. Arneson above.

13, Aug.20/51.

Forwarding copy revised letter to R.G.Arneson^
procedure for handling U.S. atomic requests.

II*, Sept.5/51.

15, Sept.28/51.

Transmitting exchange of correspondence with
State Department on U . S . request to overfly
Canadian territory on series of logistical
t
deployment flights to U.K. and returning
during September 195l.
Discussion with Sir Oliver Franks, Sept.25,
on U.K.-U.S. consultations.
000272

�Document disclosed undertime Recess to Information Act - * S ^
Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information

- 2 -

WISER - TOP SECRET

LETTERS, continued

Wiser No. 16, 0 c t . l j / 5 l .

Arrangements concerning the possible use of
atomic weapons.

17, Oct. 15/51.

U.S. request to station operation and maintenance unit for SAC operations at Goose Bay.

18, Oct.2l*/5l.

Procedure for handling U.S. atomic requests addition of name of D.V.LePan.

19, Nov. 13/51.

Results of Trial Emergency Alarm.

20, Nov. 17/51.

Conversation.-jwith Sir Christopher Steel on
U.K.-U.S. consultations.

21, Nov.28/51.

Procedures suggestion by U.S. and related
questions.

22, Mar.3/52.

Transmitting record of 5th Meeting of
Consultation, Feb.29/52.

23, Mar.5/52.

U.K.-U.S. Meeting of Consultation, Feb.5/52.

2k, Mar.20/52.

Possible public statement on use of
Canadian facilities by SAC.

25, Apr.30/52.

Exchange of correspondence with Secretary of
State, procedures for clearance of SAC flights.

26, May 15/52.

Transmitting record of 6th Meeting of
Consultation, May 13/52.

27, May 19/52.

Amendments to record of 6th Meeting of
Consultation.

28, July 22/52.

Transmitting record of 7th Meeting of
Consultation, July 18/52.

29, Aug.7/52.

Further U.K.-U.S. Meeting of Consultation,
July(?) 1952.

30, Aug.21/52.

Procedures for SAC flight clearances.

31, Dec. i|/52,

Goose Bay Lease.

32, Jan.31/53.

Transmitting record of 8th Meeting of
Consultation, Jan.30/53.

33, Feb.lj/53.

List of Wiser-indofctrinated names. 000273

�" v

Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act - " ^
Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a

- 3 -

I'information^

WISER - TOP SECRET

LETTERS, continued
"iser No. 3k, Feb. 10/53.

Changes in record of 8th Meeting of Consultation; information on Project "Counterchange".

35, July 23/53.

Canadian Embassy and State Department
personnel authorized to deal with Wiser matters.

36, July iS/Sk*

Can.-U.S. Emergency Procedures: EXERCISE
D00RN0B..

37, Aug.3/51*.

EXERCISE DOORKNOB.

38, Aug.20/5k.

State Department personnel authorized to
deal with Wiser matters.

39, Oct. 22/56

Special Arrangements for Rapid Communication
on Wiser Matters.

kO, May 7, 1957

Special Arrangements for Rapid communication
on Wiser Matters.

kl, June 21, 1957 Special Arrangements for Handling Wiser
Matters during the Month of July.
k2, July 26, 1957 Request for Overflights.
k3, Sept. k, 1957 Request for Overflights.
kk, Sept. 11, 1957

Request for Overflights.

k5, Oct. 21, 1957 Washington WISER List.
46, Nove. 12, 1957 Special Arrangements for Rapid Communication
on Wiser Matters.
47, Nov. 27, 1957

Request for Overflight.

k8, Jan. .2, 1958

Request for Overflights.

k9, Jan. 17, 1958

Request for Overflights

50, Jan. 23, 1958

Request for Overflights

51, Jan. 27, 1958

United States Proposals for the Closer
Integration of Atomic Capability in the
Defence of North America
. 000274

�Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act -|
Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a /'information*

- k WISER - TOP SECRET
"• ." .
- "LETTERS,"continued
Wa-Wiser No. 5 2 , Feb. 13 Request f o r o v e r f l i g h t s
5 3 , Apr. 21

Request f o r

overflight

5k, Apr. 21

Numbering of Wiser Communications

$$, Aug. 29

Request f o r

overflights

56, Sept. 9

Request f o r

overflights

57, Sept. 9

S p e c i a l arrangements for

rapid

communication on Wiser M a t t e r s .

1959

5 8 , Nov. 6

Request f o r

59, March 16
60 March 17

List of Indoctrinated Personnel in Washington.
SAC Overflights

61

SAC Overflights

April 6

overflights

000275

�Document disclosed under the Access to Information AgtDocument divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information

WISER - TOP SECRET
RECORD OF
WISER NUMBERS FROM WASHINGTON
TELETYPES

1, June 12/51.

US SAC projects; draft minute.

2, June lk/5l.

U.S. agreement to revised Minute.

3, June lk/5l.

Text of "Agreed Minute" as above.

k, June 27/51.

Consultations with State Department.

5, July 6/51.

Procedural matters and other questions.

6, July 10/51.

Third Meeting of Consultation.

7, Aug.17/51.

Procedures for handling urgent U.S.requests.

8, Aug.17/51.

do.

do.

9, Aug.31/51.

US SAC request to overfly Canadian territory and use of Goose Bay on series of
logistical operation flights to U.K.
and return during September, 1951*

10, Sept.1/51.

Text of written request as above from
Defense Department.

11, Sept. 5/51.

US SAC logistical deployment flights
as above.

12, Oct.10/51.

US request to station operation and maintenance unit for SAC operations at
Goose Bay.

13, Oct.30/51.

U.S. proposals on reduction of armaments.

Ik, Nov.8/51.

Procedures for handling urgent U.S.
requests - ltr from Secy.of Defense to
Secy, of State on understanding.

15, Nov.11/51.

Test of Wiser communications arrangements.

16, Nov.17/51.

Procedures for handling U.S. requests.

17, Nov. 20/51.

Omission Copy No. k of Wiser Letter
No. 20, Nov. 17/51.
000276

�Documentdisclosed under the Access to Information'Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information

- 2 -

WISER - TOP SECRET

. TELETYPES, continued
Nov.23/51.

Procedures for handling U.S. requests.

Dec.3/5l.

Armistice in Korea.

Jan.2/52.

Discussions during Churchill visit.

Jan.11/52.
Feb/k/52.

Truman-Churchill talks.
Discussions here on our reply to Secy.of
Defense, use of Canadian facilities.

Feb.k/52.

Resumption of "Consultations".

Feb.8/52.

Meeting of Consultation'set for Feb.Ik/52.
Reference Wiser Ex-l8 and Ex-19.

Feb.11/52.

Discussion with Genl.Walsh and R.G.Arneson
on procedures for handling U.S. requests.

Feb.13/52.

Postponement Meeting of Consultation.

Feb.19/52.

Asking guidance for Meeting of Consultation.

Feb.25/52.

US SAC request to overfly Canadian territory en route to Alaska, Mar.2-5, 1952.

Feb.26/52.

Requesting guidance for Meeting of Consultation, Feb. 29/52.

Feb.27/52.

SAC overflight of Canadian territory en
route to Alaska.

Mar. 1/52.

do.

do.

Mar.3/52.

Meeting March 10, modification of procedures, notification of special flights.

Mar.3/52.

Postponement SAC overflight en route to
Alaska.

Mar.13/52.

Check of Report of March 10 meeting with
State Department record.

Mar.26/52. '

US SAC request to deploy non-nuclear
cores to Goose Bay.

Mar.27/52.

Transmitting formal request, as above.

Mar.28/52.

Clarification on above request. ,
000277

�Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a /'information

,t

- 3 -

WISER - TOP SECRET

TELETYPES, continued
Wa-Wiser No. 38, Apr.2/52.

Procedures for SAC flight clearances.

39, Apr.5/52.

do.

do.

kO, Apr.15/52.

do.

do.

kl, Apr.25/52.

do.

do.

k2, May.3/52.

Next Meeting of Consultation

k3, May 7/52.

do.

J+k, May lk/52.

Berlin

•I4.5, May 15/52.

Berlin

k6, J u l y 2 / 5 2 .

Deployment of n o n - n u c l e a r

components

t o Goose Bay.

k7, July lk/52.

Date of 7th Meeting of Consultation.

k8, Nov.2k/52.

Goose Bay Lease.

k9, Dec.k/52.
50, Aug.l0/5k.

Goose Bay Lease.
Exercise DOORKNOB.

51, Aug.ll/5k.

Exercise DOORKNOB.

$2S Aug.29/5k.
53, Oct. 1/56.
5k» Oct. 10/56

Exercise DOORKNOB.
Request for Overflight.
Request for Overflight.

55, Nov. 19/56

Request for Overflight.

56, May 28/57

Request for Overflight.

57, June 27/57

Request for Overflight.

58, Aug. 5/57

Request for Overflights

591 Nov. 12/57
59, Nov. 26^57

Waohington WIDER List
Request for Overflight

60, Dec. 17/57

Request for Overflight

61, Dec. 31/57

Reauest for overflight

'

-'/-'•

*

&amp;

000278

�Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a /'information

- 4 -

WISER TOP SECRET

TELETYPES,
62,

Sept.

17/58

63,

Sept. 24/58

6\x, Feb. 6/59
65 Feb. 11/59

continued

Request f o r

Overflights

O c t o b e r M e e t i n g PJBD
Request for Overflights
Request for Overflights
I

66 Feb. 28/59

U.S. Request for Clearances on Overflights

67

March 3/59

SAC Overflights

68

March k/59

SAC Overflights

69 March 9 / 5 9

SAC

70

Unscheduled Stop of C-12U

March 23/59

Overflights

71 April 6/59

SAC Overflights

72 April 9, 1959

USA Proposals relating to (a) Wiser
Procedures, (b) the Revision of the MB-1
Overflight Agreement and (c) Certain Matters
Relating to Facilities in Canada for the
Storage of Nuclear Weapons*

73 April 9, 1959

Text of Draft UsA Note re Revision of Wiser
Procedures and MB-1 Overflight Agreement and
Annex

7U April 9, 1959

Text of USA Aide-memoire, April 9, 1959
re Storage of MB-1 Rockets in Support of
USAF Squadrons at Goose Bay*

75 April 22, 1959

Unscheduled Stop of C-12U

76 June 10, 1959

USA Proposals re Nuclear Weapons and
Overflight Arrangements.

77-Jrjng 18, 195?-

—Requoot -f-og-Cteerf 1 ight.Jay-SA^-A^rcraftr

000279

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                    <text>Document disclosed under the Access to Infpunation Act Document divulgue eiwertu de
\aLci^urVa^ikMVinfqrmation

"3 "

j^^z^^^^

The present agreement comprises, in/addition to y
,
a statement of principles, schedules governing each of the y^M^^
different kinds bf warheads. Mr. Harkness, iii his Memo' I
randum to the Cabinet, conceives the negotiation of
principles in a general agreement as a "preliminary step
whieh must be concluded before negotiations/of subsequent
agreements for the various warheads can be entered into.,l!
If the Cabinet is to see the full implications of the
decisions it will be required to take, it *#ill be necessary
to negotiate, as a package, the statement bf principles
and the schedules governing the practical/application of
the principles in respect of each type of/ warhead. To
separate the negotiation of principles from the negotiation
of arrangements f^r, eaph^igdof warhead^would not meet
this requirement^!! ^dm^e^en&amp;ive agreement would provide
not only a clear statement of the framework under which
nuclear warheads would be made available for use by
Canadian forces but would, through its schedules, provide
all the necessary information to enable the Cabinet to
take a decision regarding the provision of warheads for
various weapons systems; it would avoid misunderstandings
between the United States and Canada; and it would provide
a surer basis for cooperation in training and other preliminary arrangements. To achieve these purposes the
present draft agreement would require to be redrawn.
Requirements of a New Draft Agreement
The premise of such a redraft would be that
nuclear warheads would be brought into Canada only on
a finding by Cabinet that an emergency exists and a
concomitant request to the United States Government to
provide the warheads. In brief,the agreement would make
certain provisions for the period when the warheads earmarked for Canadian forces would be stored on United States
territory, e.g. it would:
(a) outline the circumstances in whieh the Canadian
Government would be prepared to consider requesting transport of the nuclear warheads to
Canada;

• . • H"
002433

�Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a Vinformation

- 5 aircraft) should be the subject of a separate agreement.
This will entail a negotiation, not only with the United
States governing the provision of warheads, but also with
the NATO Supreme Commander, Europe and/or the host country
in respect of storage arrangements.
ffrqeedure
For the purpose of drafting the requisite'agreement or agreements for consideration by the Cabinet it
would .be desirable to establish an inter-departmental
group comprising officials of the Departments of External
Affairs and National Defenee and of other departments as
necessary.
Mr. Harkness has suggested that he and I go to
Washington to start the negotiations to ensure proper
understanding by both sides. I think this would attract
undue attention.. In my view it would be more appropriate
to initiate the negotiating process by my calling in the
head of the United States Embassy in Ottawa and presenting
to him a Memorandum setting out the conditions under which
the Canadian Government would be prepared,to negotiate
for the provision of nuclear warheads for Canadian forces
in Europe and in North America. A copy of the draft
agreements, which by then would, have.been approved by
the Cabinet, would be attached to the Memorandum. To
facilitate closer supervision of the negotiations, which
I would, envisage being conducted by a mixed group of
officials and service representatives from both countries,
I would recommend that negotiations take place in Ottawa.•
In respect of forces in Europe it may be necessary to
conduct some aspects of the negotiations there.
Storage for United, States Forces ia- North America
As yo\ know there are also\ outstanding United
States requests T*Q store nuclear weappns in Canada for
the use ofs
(a) United Stages Air Force intercNyptors stationed
at Goose BaySand Harmon in Newfoundland;

. #6.

002434

�Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information

- 6-

(b) Strategic Air Command bombers whieh might
use GooSe Bay in the event of hostilities;
(c) The United States Navy*at Argentia, Newfoundland.
The Cabinet has approved in principle the
storage of nuelear air-to-air defensive weapons at Goose
Bay and Harmon. In December i960 Cabinet decided that "*
an Exchange of NotesV which had been negotiated with the
United States and whieh Cabinet had already approved,
"should not be concluded until after discussions with
the United States on other matters had been concluded",
that is, until the positions with respect to the pro-,
vision of warheads for \he use of Canadian forces had
been resolfed. The United States authorities were informed of this decision at the January 1961 meeting of
the PJBD. Apart from service-to-service exploratory
discussions.authorized by\the Cabinet in 1958, there
have been no negotiations ton the storage of warheads at
Goose Bay for the Strategie Air Command. In joint
ministerial discussions in\L959 Canadian Ministers expressed the view that storage for SAC in Canada would
present great difficulties politically and made it clear
that no decision would be taken at that time. There
have been no formal negotiat\ons on the storage of antisubmarine' warfare nuelear weapons at Argentia.- The
question was discussed in a general way at joint ministerial meetings in 1959 and i960,
'"

\

From references whiek there have been from *
time to time on these matters,kt seems clear that the
United States still considers tmese requests*to be outstanding. At some stage we sham no doubt be faced with
a request for clarification of okr intentions regarding
them, I assume that the Cabinet lecision of December o,
i960, to hold in abeyance the request for storage at
Goose Bay and Harmon would continue^to apply, in effect,
to the three requests for storage G£ warheads in Canada
for use by United States forces, pending completion of
negotiations on the provision of warheads for Canadian
forces.

.•• /

002435

�Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information

7-

Recommendat ions
at ion:
(a)

I would t h e r e f o r e recommend for your eo;
t h a t a separate agreement be draf/fced whie
would make imfe0i&amp;5®3d a v a i l a b l e i warheads
for Canadian forces in Europe i n conformity
with NATO requirements and procedures;
jg/ae&amp;^f^S^••

••-. *t**u/

that s^agreement, aaeLsehedtd.es/covering each
kind or warhead be drafted envisaging the
provision of nuclear warheads for use by
Canadian forees in Canada in an emergency;
that an inter-departmental group be established
comprising officials of the Department of
External Affairs and National Defence and
officials of other departments and agencies
as required, and that the group be charged
with preparing the required draft agreements
for consideration by Gabinet;
(d)

that following development of draft agreements
acceptable to the Cabinet the United States
Government be informed, by means of a Memorandum delivered to the head of the United
States Embassy in Ottawa» of the Canadian
Government's willingness to negotiate in
Ottawa agreements concerning nuelear weapons
on the basis I have outlined*

\z

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W&amp;3
Excerpt from Permanent J o i n t Board on Defense
Canada-United S t a t e s
U i S . A . F . P r o g r e s s Report
Meeting Schedule f o r August 1962

&gt;

N;

•?8. -.* (Secret) USAF Armament Detachment for La Macaza, Quebec
Selection and training of a USAF Armament Detachment
for La Macaza is being held in abeyance pending conclusion of
an agreement allowing shipment of warheads to Canada.

An

initial capability inspection (ICI) of the 447th SAM Squadron
"

.

*• t

• i' i •

at La Macaza cannot be conducted until the USAF Detachment
peronnel have received individual training followed by joint
training, with RCAF personnel.

Approximately four months *""*• " •

-will be required to select personnel and complete training in
preparation for an ICI.

002473

A

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Excerpt from Permanent Joint Board on Defense
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Meeting Schedule for August 1962

•tnsT*.

¥'

(e* o
9

(A

10.

(Secret) USAF Armament Detachment for North Bay, Ontario
The USAF Armament Detachment has been returned to the

United States.

The last members left in early May 1962.

Detachment personnel will be frozen in their present assignments until 1 October 1962. If an agreement allowing shipment of nuclear" warheads** to - Canada is not concluded or
is not imminent by that date, they will be released for reassignment.

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S E C R E T

DRAFT NOTE FROM THE CANADIAN AMBASSADOR TO THE
UNITED STATES SECRETARY OF STATE

Sir:
I have the honour to refer to the Exchange
of Notes of June 30, 1959 which constituted an
agreement between our two Governments on the conditions under which United States interceptor aircraft
under the operational control of NORAD are
authorized to carry nuclear air-to-air defence
weapons over Canada.

This Agreement which has been

renewed annually will expire unless extended until
June 30, 1962.
I have been instructed to inform you that
the Canadian Government has reviewed the terms of
the agreement and would be agreeable to have it
continue in force, subject to one amendment, for a
further period of one year, i.e., until June 30, 1963*
My Government suggests that the term "Air Defence
Readiness" in your Note be altered to "Defence
Condition 1 (DEFCON 1 )" in order to conform with
NORAD's current terminology for this state of the
Command's readiness.
If the foregoing is agreeable to your
Government I propose that this Note and your reply
thereto should constitute an agreement between our
two Governments to amend and extend the Exchange of
Notes of June 30, 1959 accordingly.
Accept, Sir, the renewed assurances of my
highest consideration.

002533

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&lt;-v&gt;-

DEPARTMENT OF EXTERNAL AFFAIRS

ROUlA SLIP

PATE
SECUKJTT

TO

FROMr

O/SSEA

ROSS CAMPBELL

The attached is sent to you for.
0 action
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[J signature
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0 approval
0 return
Q comments
£] circulation
Q information
D file
D translation
[J destruction
C O M M E N T S : (This space ia not for comment* of a
permanent character
which- ahould. be
formatJy recorded in a memorandum)

WXv
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Ext. 252(Rbv. 12/56) "t?

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Document divulgue en vertu de lo Loi sur /'occes a /'information

,.

,I.

CONFIDENTIAL
Shooti!!g_dovm

of R.A.F.

Lincoln

Bomber

On 13th March an R.A.F. Lincoln Bomber was attacked
and shot
down by Soviet fighter
aircraft.
It fell in the Hamburg Berlin
air corridor
near the zonal frontier.
There were two other
incidents
within 12 hours and as a result
the United Kingdom
High Commissioner in Wahnerheide was instructed
to make two protests
in the strongest
terms.
2.
In reply the Soviet representative,
General Chuikov challenged
the truth of tho United Kingdom's contentions.
It seems from
subsequent
investigations
on the spot, in which tho Soviet authorities
have been helpfully
co-operative,
that tho bomber had lost its way and
had been some di stance over the Soviet zone~ The Soviet au thoPi ties
furthermore
have requested
that a joint conference
be called
to
consider
revising
tho existing
rules of flight
to prevent such
incidents
reoccurring.
3a
Tho Soviet letter
appears more conciliatory
.than might have
been expected and their offer is to be accepted.
The Soviet
authorities
have previously
alleged
that they never formally
accepted
11
the present
"flight
rules • 'rho Uni tod Kingdom c.onsidcr it important
not to convoy any indication
that in agreeing
to the Soviet request
in principle
they aro propar-ed to concede anything on the present
rules.
Particular
attention
will therefore
bo paid to tho wording
of tho United Kingdom reply and tho agenda for the meeting.

4.

Tho French and United States
representatives
in Berlin associated
their Governments with the United Kingdom protest
and are being kept
fully informed a The talks will in the first
instance
be bi.parti to 9
but in the event of preliminary
agreement to amend the quadripartite
flight
rules~ the talks vrould need to pr-oceod quadi-&gt;iparti tely.

5.

Tho United Kingdom Government welcome this move together
with
tho latost
Soviet offor over British
civilian
internees
in North
Ko~ea and General Chuikov's
on tho spot instructions
to speed up the
passage of traffic
thr-ough the Soviet checkpoint
on the United States
"autobahn"
into BePlin, but they do not consider
that they rcprer3ont
sufficient
indicstion
as yet of any change in Soviet policy.

000084

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Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act
Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur l'acces a I'information

D-1-5(0) .

x G-/-~(
X

/- 3 - / 6

CONFIDENTIAL

MEMORANDUM TO FILE

Gold Telephone Network
On June 11, 1965 I forwarded a memorandum
to Mr. R.G. Robertson concerning the general
administration of the Prime Minister;’s residence
and the Herridge Cottage. In para. 4 of the
memo I advised Mr. Robertson that a ’’gold” telephone on the DND net was to be installed at the
Prime Minister’s residence (summer) and to be
located in a clothes closet in the Prime Minister’s
bedroom.
This memorandum is to bring the gold telephone network file in the Privy Council Office
up to date as the memorandum of June 11th is no
doubt filed on the summer residence file in the
PCO Registry.

H. B. Stewart .
-

000010

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MEMORANDUM

Privy Council Office
Ottawa.

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Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act
Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur l'acces a /'information

Mr. Wall,

Mr. Bryce has seen your memorandum

and asked that you speak with him when you have
heard further from G/C Bowes.
■ M.K.
4:55

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(

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Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur l'acces a I'information

ACTION REQUEST

t

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TO

LOCATI ON

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DATE

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FROM

FOR;
ACTION

NOTE. &amp; FORWARD

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COMMENTS

P.A. ON FILE

DRAFT REPLY

REPLY DIRECTLY

INFORMATION

REPLY, PLEASE
SEE ME, PLEASE

INVESTIGATE AND REPORT

INVESTIGATION
MAKE.

SIGNATURE

COPIES

MORE DETAILS

TRANSLATION
YOUR REQUEST

NOTE AND FILE

Re

PREPARE MEMO TO:.
REPLY FOR SIGNATURE OF:......................
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000051
CGSB 6-GP-12

P.P.&amp;S. CAT. 3433

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v"

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ft &amp;&amp;»*'*-' \

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(SECRET WITHOUT

„ c Vtfft

APPENDIX "B")

W

cc,D26
CANADA-UNITED STATES COMMITTEE ON JOINT DEFENCE
CONTINENTAL AIR DEFENCE
Attached as Appendix "A" to this brief is
a general review of the current status of CanadaUnited States air defence arrangements. Appendix
"B" is the current agreed intelligence estimate of
the Soviet threat to North America.
In the discussion on this item, Ministers
may wish to deal specifically with the following
points:
1.

REPLACEMENT OF THE CF-100
(Section 4 of Appendix "A" refers)
Ministers may wish to discuss this matter

with the United States representatives in the light
of current consideration of the matter in Cabinet.
2.

CONTINUOUS AIRBORNE ALERT
(Section 5 of Appendix "A" refers)
The 1960-61 United States defence budget

provides funds for procurement of stocks of spare
parts so that the United States Air Force could
institute a continuous airborne alert should one
be ordered by the President.

What plans do the

United States authorities have to implement such
an alert?

Would the Canadian Government be con-

sulted if such action were contemplated, and would
it involve more extensive use of Canadian air space?
3.

EXERCISE SKY SHIELD
(Section 6 of Appendix "A" refers)
Ministers may wish to review with their

United States colleagues the current status of the
arrangements for this Exercise.
2

000535

�Document disclosed under the Access to Information Act Document divulgue en vertu de la Loi sur I'acces a I'information

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*£

***\iS
2 -

Jggy SECRET
(SECRET WITHOUT
APPENDIX »B»)
r-

4.

COST-SHARING ARRANGEMENTS FOR IMPROVEMENTS
TO THE CONTINENTAL AIR DEFENCE SYSTEM
(Section 3 of Appendix "A" refers)
The drafting of this agreement has been

largely completed but final action (including submission of the final draft to Cabinet) has been
deferred pending settlement of the BOMARC issue in
the United States.

It now appears probable that

Congress will approve the BOMARC programme in August.
It is suggested that irrespective of whether this
item comes up for discussion with the United States
representatives, we should now take the necessary
steps to be in a position to conclude the agreement
as soon as the BOMARC programme is approved.

000536

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APPENDIX "A"
S E C R E T

CONTINENTAL AIR DEFENCE
At the Camp David meeting of the Committee,
there was some discussion of the nature of the military threat to North America and of certain measures
being taken or under consideration to meet it. Since
November, certain developments have taken place of
importance to Canada. This paper sets out the background of the principal questions which are likely
to arise under this item.
1.

CONCEPT OF AIR DEFENCE
The Concept of Air Defence of North America

must be based on national policy; be consistent with
national strategy, be designed to meet the threat
during the years ahead and be feasible of attainment
within the resources of Canada and the United States.
Since the end of the last war, intensive
planning, evaluation and development has been going
on in order to improve our air defence capability.
The main criteria are that the air defence forces
should be trained, deployed and equipped in peacetime to provide:
(a) defence in depth;
(b) an efficient control system for command
and weapons engagement;
(c) flexibility to meet the enemy's changing
tactics.
Defence in depth is achieved through the
combination of all our defensive weapons; providing
early warning and interception and allowing our
deterrent forces to carry out their missions.
• v « o o

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The control system for weapons engagement
is related directly to our early warning and control
radar systems now in being and the approved SAGE
systems now being constructed in the United States
and Canada.
Flexibility of the system is achieved
through the complementary weapons of supersonic
aircraft and surface-to-air missiles, with the
interceptor providing positive armed identification
and fire power and the missile providing high attrition against the raid as it comes into range.
Thus, briefly stated, overall air defence
is achieved through a combination of four complementary factors:
(a) Early warning radar systems;
(b) Control of weapons;
(c) Surface-to-air missiles;
(d) Supersonic aircraft.
In this connection, the radar warning systems
have been in operation for some time and are being added
to or modified as conditions warrant. The control of
the missile/aircraft weapons will be achieved when the
approved SAGE system now under construction comes into
being. Depending upon Congressional approval of the
BOMARC B programme, missiles will be procured and
Canadian planning for the missile sites at North Bay
and La Macaza will be implemented.

Only the intro-

duction of a supersonic aircraft into the system is
required to complete the Canadian portion of the Air
Defence force.
2.

FUTURE OF THE BOMARC
Last March the United States Department of

Defense proposed to Congress some substantial revi..... 3 000538

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SECRET

sions to the so-called Master Air Defence programme.
Of particular interest to Canada was the proposed
reduction of the planned expenditure for the fiscal
year 1961 on the BOMARC programme from #421.5 million
to $40.4 million and the reduction in the proposed
number of BOMARC sites from eighteen to ten. The two
Canadian sites which Canada has agreed to were included
in this new figure. The revised proposals also called
for the elimination of the Super Combat Centre programme,
one of which had been planned for Canada.

In the case

of Canada, the RCAF would acquire instead a SAGE Direction Centre (FSQ/7) of the type being installed at
various locations in the north eastern part of the
United States.
On April 27 the Committee on Appropriations
of the United States House of Representatives and
later the House eliminated all financing of the
BOMARC, including funds previously approved for the
fiscal year I960.
On May IS, the United States Air Force resubmitted its proposals to the Senate Appropriations
Committee and on June S this Committee and later the
Senate voted sufficient funds for ten BOMARC sites
(including the two in Canada) and $75 million for
two additional sites on the West Coast of the United
States. A joint conference held between representatives of the Senate and the House in an effort to
reach a compromise resulted in Congress voting $244
million for the BOMARC programme.

This is approxi-

mately $125 million less than the Senate voted and
$50 million less than the USAF requested.

This amount,

however, will be sufficient for some seven sites in
the North Eastern United States and two in Canada.

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With regard to the two Canadian sites, a
contract for $3 million has already been let for
the construction of the site at North Bay, of which
approximately $430,000 has been spent.

Work has

not yet begun on the second site at La Macaza.
Work will continue on the SAGE site as SAGE is not
only designed to control BOMARC's and manned interceptors but would also be useful for identifying
and tracking hostile and friendly aircraft.
3.

COST-SHARING ARRANGEMENTS FOR IMPROVEMENTS
TO THE CONTINENTAL AIR DEFENCE SYSTEM .
As a consequence of the Government's

decision to acquire two squadrons of BOMARC B's,
to introduce SAGE, and to reinforce the PINETREE
warning system with seven heavy radars and fortyfive gap fillers, negotiations were begun last fall
aiming at the conclusion of an Exchange of Notes
setting out the cost-sharing arrangements concerning
which understandings had previously been reached. .
These negotiations have resulted in a final draft
of the Exchange of Notes being agreed to but the
United States authorities have concurred in the
suggestion that the execution of the Notes be
delayed until the future of the BOMARC is clearer.
No problems of a substantive nature requiring
Ministerial resolution were encountered in reaching
agreement on this final draft.
The proposed Exchange of Notes as it stands
provides that the cost of the initial construction
and equipment will be shared in the ratio of onethird (Canada) and two-thirds (United States) and
that this will be achieved by Canada assuming the

5
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full financial responsibility for all initial
construction and the United"~States assuming full
financial responsibility for all initial technical
equipment.

Every effort will be made to ensure

that Canadian industry is given a full and reasonable opportunity to share in the production of
the required technical equipment and all the new
facilities will be manned by Canadian personnel.
4.

REPLACEMENT OF CF-lOQ's IN CANADA
At Camp David Mr. McElroy, the then United

States Secretary of Defense, in the course of a brief
discussion of this question, said that the United
States authorities had been very sensitive to the
difficulties which the Canadian Government had faced
in cancelling the CF-105 and did not wish"to appear
to be pressing a new aircraft. However, the United
States Government would be glad to discuss the acquisition of a new aircraft if the Canadian Government
were interested. Mr. Pearkes said that the matter
had been discussed between the Services with particular reference to numbers, price and availability,
and hoped these discussions would continue.

No

commitment was made as to what course the Government
would follow in this matter.
In this connection the reciprocal arrangement recently proposed by the United States Air Force
under which the RCAF might obtain a number of interceptors in the United States and the United States
Military Air Transport Service a number of CL-44's
from Canadair, Montreal, and which has been given
preliminary consideration by Ministers, is now the
subject of exploratory discussions between the two

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SECRET

The production sharing implications

of this arrangement are noted in the brief prepared
for Item 7 of the Agenda.
5.

NORAD AND THE THREAT TO NORTH AMERICA
Any change in the nature of the threat to

North America is a matter of serious concern to both
Governments because of its implication for the air
defence system and for the effective preservation of
the retaliatory strike force.

The attached summary

of an agreed Canada-United States intelligence assessment of the Soviet threat to North America indicates
that the bomber threat will continue throughout the
1960's.

Canadian and United States intelligence

authorities, however, are not wholly in agreement on
the extent of its duration and the rate at which it
will diminish in strength in relation to the missile
threat.

They are, however, agreed that the threat .

from long-range aircraft will be significant for most
of the decade. Thus NORAD will have a primary r61e
to play in air defence for some time to come. It
would be useful to know in this regard the thinking
of the United States authorities with regard to longrange plans for improvement or new projects beyond
those under consideration and which will require the
eventual participation of Canada.
As a partner in NORAD, the Canadian Government attaches importance to the various arrangements
entered into (such as the MB-1 Agreement and the
Agreement regarding NORAD's states of readiness) or
under consideration (such as storage of air-to-air
weapons at Goose and Harmon) whereby its joint responsibility for NORAD is exercised.

Generally

speaking, the Canadian Government is satisfied with
000542

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- 7 -

the working of the Command.and with present arrangements for consultation" on NORAD matters.
United States military thinking, in the
belief that a fully effective air defence system
can never be achieved and that the best that can
be obtained is limited by budgetary considerations,
increasingly stresses the deterrent.

Although

Canada's contribution to the deterrent forces based
in North America is in the form of air defence, Canada
also provides air space for Strategic Air Command
exercises and practice airborne alerts.

It has also

agreed to permit the establishment in Canada of four
aerial refuelling bases.

It v/ould be useful to know

whether, apart from the request for the storage of
nuclear weapons for SAC at Goose Bay, the United
States authorities are likely to seek Canadian
approval for any further measures. The United
States defence budget for the fiscal year 1960-61
will give the United States Air Force additional
funds for the implementation of a continuous airborne alert, should one be ordered by the President.
What plans do the United States authorities have to
implement such an alert?

Will the Canadian Govern-

ment be consulted and will such an alert involve
more extensive use of Canadian air space?
These questions are of some importance
to Canada in view of the agreement covering four
aerial refuelling bases in Canada (at Frobisher,
Fort Churchill, Cold Lake and Namao), construction
of which is nearing completion.
6.

EXERCISE SKY SHIELD
Follov/ing the Camp David meeting of the

Canada-United States Ministerial Committee on Joint
..... 8"

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Defence last November, an Aide Memoire was handed to
the State Department regarding the Canadian Government's understanding of the terms and conditions
under which Exercise SKY HAWK might be re-scheduled.
This Aide Memoire read as follows:
"The Canadian Chiefs of Staff Committee and
the United States Joint Chiefs of Staff may
authorize CINC NORAD to commence preliminary
planning for the next exercise forthwith.
"When the broad framework of the exercise has
been completed, the Chiefs of Staff of both
countries will be briefed on the general
outline of the exercise and they in turn
will take appropriate action to inform their
respective Governments on the nature of.the
proposed exercise.
"Early in the new year, i.e. April or May,
the two Governments will again review
the situation and each will then decide
whether the exercise is to go forward and
will in that event consider the nature of
any public announcement to be made.
"If it is decided to proceed, further consultation will take place, presumably some
time in July or August, to set a precise
date; it being understood that the exercise
would take place within the period agreed
unless there was a very serious situation
which in the view of either Government
warranted the cancellation or postponement
of the exercise. Such a decision to postpone or cancel could be taken at any time
but would, of Course, only be taken at the
highest level."
On April 26 the Cabinet was informed of
the progress made to date on the planning of the
large-scale exercise proposed for this year, Exercise SKY SHIELD, and approved the transmission of
the following Aide Memoire to the State Department:
"The Canadian Government has reviewed the scope
and extent of the proposed air defence exercise
SKY SHIELD. The Canadian Government agrees to
the continuation of the planning for the exercise but wishes to defer until June a decision
on the exercise itself, with no public announcement until that time. The Canadian Government
hopes that this position will be acceptable to
the United States. In the meantime, the details
of the exercise should remain secret.

9
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"The Canadian Government plans to have the
Minister of National Defence discuss in
general terms at an early meeting of the
newly established Parliamentary Committee
on Defence the requirement to exercise the
air defence forces. This discussion would
assist in preparing public opinion here to
accept the need for large-scale exercises
involving electronic counter measures."
On June 15 the Cabinet agreed that this
Exercise might be held and subsequently the State Department was so informed.

On June 24 the Minister

of National Defence, during the course of a meeting
of the House Committee on Defence Expenditures, made
a brief reference to the need to hold a large exercise to test the air defences of North America.
Provided there is no development of such
significance as to warrant either Government to
withdraw its approval, the Exercise will likely be
held in September.
It is expected that an appropriate public
announcement approved by the two Governments will
be issued by NORAD on July 12. The civil air car-,
riers are being informed in sufficient time to
permit them to re-schedule any of their flights
which may be affected.

In so far as Canada is

concerned, it is estimated that some fifty-one
scheduled domestic flights and thirteen foreign
scheduled flights would be affected.

It is con-

templated that the precise date of the Exercise
will also be announced in advance.

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